中考英语 语法精讲精练 第10节 非谓语动词课件 人教新目标版.ppt

,英语,第10节非谓语动词,考点突破,中考导航,课堂小测,中考模拟演练,中考导航,1.动词不定式的形式及特点：动词不定式一般由不定式符号“to+动词原形”构成，有的不定式不带to。不定式的否定形式是“notto(do)”。如：Heaskedmetoplaychesswithhim.他让我和他一起下棋。(带to)Isawaboygoacrosstheroadjustnow.我看见有个男孩刚才过了马路。(不带to)Theteachertoldmenottobelateagain.老师告诉我不要再迟到。(否定形式),首页,末页,考点突破,考点1.动词不定式(),首页,末页,2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式在句子中不能作谓语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。虽然不作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语或状语。(1)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语的情况比较多，但是一般情况下，不定式只作部分动词的宾语。经常接不定式作宾语(即动词+todosth.结构)的动词有：begin(开始)care(愿意)ask(要求)hope(希望)learn(学会)expect(期望)want(想要)wish(希望)forget(忘记)like(喜欢)decide(决定)try(尝试)continue(继续)prefer(比较喜欢)pretend(假装)等。如：Ihopetoseethefamousscientist.(tosee做hope的宾语)我希望看见那位著名的科学家。,考点突破,首页,末页,不定式也可以用来作某些形容词的宾语。常见的这类形容词有：ready(准备好)，anxious(急于)，able(能够)，sure(一定)，glad(高兴)，sorry(难过)，afraid(害怕)，pleased(高兴)，willing(愿意)等。如：Imgladtomeetyou.(tomeet做glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。例如：whentodo(什么时候做)；howtodo(怎样做)；whattodo(做什么)；whytodo(为什么做)；wheretodo(在哪儿做)；whichtodo(做哪一个)等等。如：Idontknowwhattobuyformymother.(whattobuy做know的宾语)我不知道给妈妈买什么。,考点突破,首页,末页,(2)不定式用作宾语补足语不定式用作宾语补足语，也是在一些特定的动词之后。常接“宾语+宾补”(即动词+sb.+todosth.结构)的动词有：ask(请)，force(强迫)，allow(允许)，expect(期望，盼望)，invite(邀请)，want(要)，tell(告诉)，advise(建议)，help(帮助)，persuade(说服)，permit(准许)等。如：JoanaskedMarytospeakfirst.(Mary在句中作宾语，tospeak补充说明Mary要做的事)琼请玛丽先说。,考点突破,首页,末页,(3)不定式作状语和定语不定式作状语，修饰动词，用于表示行为的目的、结果或原因等，一般放在动词后面。如：WeranovertowelcomethenewfriendsfromtheUSA.(towelcome作目的状语)我们跑过去欢迎来自美国的新朋友。不定式作定语，放在它所修饰的名词后面，不定式和它所修饰的名词有“动宾关系”。如：Theteacherassignedustwoexercisestodoathome.(todo作定语修饰exercise)老师给我们留了两道在家做的练习。,考点突破,首页,末页,(4)不定式作主语(可用it来作形式主语，将真正主语置后)Tolearnmathsisveryimportant.=Itisveryimportanttolearnmaths.学数学很重要。,考点突破,首页,末页,3.省to的不定式使役动词和感官动词，后带宾语，再接不定式作宾补时，主动语态时不定式要省to，被动语态时要补to。常考的有：makesb.dosth.使某人做某事letsb.dosth.让某人做某事havesb.dosth使某人做某事watchsb.do(doing)sth.注视某人(正在)做某事noticesb.do(doing)sth.注意某人(正在)做某事seesb.do(doing)sth.看见某人(正在)做某事hearsb.do(doing)sth.听见某人(正在)做某事如：Ioftenseehimrunontheroad.(省略to)我经常看见他在马路上跑步。,考点突破,首页,末页,4.不带to的常用句型Whydontyoudosth?为什么不做某事？Whynotdosth?为什么不做某事？Would(could)youpleasedosth？你愿意做某事吗？Would(could)youpleasenotdosth？请你不要做某事，好吗？hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不)要做某事wouldratherdosththandosth.宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事prefertodosthratherthandosth.宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事,考点突破,首页,末页,动词不定式用法口诀不定式有标记，to与动原连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，惟独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。,考点突破,考点突破,母题训练,()1.(2015广东)Weadviseparents_theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A.nothaveB.nottoleaveC.leaveD.toleave,B,中考预测,()8.Myparentsalwaystellme_morevegetablesandfruit.A.eatB.eatingC.eatsD.toeat,D,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,()2.(2014广东)Inorderforthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A.nottobelateB.notbeinglateC.tobelateD.beinglate,A,B,中考预测,()9.Harryhasdecidedanonlineshopaftergraduatingfromschool.A.openB.toopenC.OpenedD.opening,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,中考预测,()3.(2013广东)Ididnthearyoucomeinjustnow.Thatsgood.Wetriedanynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making,B,()10.Driversshouldntbeallowedafterdrinking,ortheywillbreakthelaw.A.driveB.drivingC.todriveD.tobedriven,C,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,中考预测,()4.(2012广东)IttookmetwoweeksreadingthenovelswrittenbyGuoJingming.A.finishB.tofinishC.finishesD.finishing,B,()11.MrWangdoeswhathecanusimproveourEnglish.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped,B,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,中考预测,()5.(2011广东)TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,andyouwillfinditinterestingaforeignlanguage.A.learningB.learnsC.learnD.tolearn,D,()12.Youneedtotakenotesatthemeetingsomakesureapenandsomepaperwithyou.A.bringB.bringingC.tobringD.notbring,C,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,中考预测,()6.(2010广东)Teresasawmeandstoppedawordwithme.A.havingB.tohaveC.beinghadD.tohavehad,B,()13.Mr.Liasksthestudentsintheriver,becauseitstoodangerous.A.swimB.toswimC.nottoswimD.tonotswim,C,首页,末页,考点突破,母题训练,中考预测,()7.(2009广东)Tomsmotheraskedhimsomewashingafterdinner.A.todoB.doesC.doD.did,A,()14.Whydontyougoouttoplay,Rose?ImafraidIcant.Ihavemuchhomework.A.doB.doesC.doingD.todo,D,首页,末页,(说明：本考点内容虽然考纲中并未要求掌握，但也属于重要知识点，故也需要掌了解。)1.动名词的基本形式和性质(1)动名词是由“动词原形加-ing”构成，形式与动词的现在分词相同。如：Nosmokinghere.这里禁止吸烟。(2)动名词兼有动词和名词的性质。动词的性质是可以带宾语和状语，组成动名词短语；名词的性质是在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语。如：Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她喜欢集邮。(作宾语)Travelingabroadcanbeveryexciting.出国旅行会是很激动人心的。(作主语)Themainthingisgettingthereintime.首要的事是及时到达那里。(作表语),考点突破,考点2.动名词(),首页,末页,2.常见的可接动名词的动词短语有：insiston(坚持)thinkof(想到)dreamof(梦想)objectto(反对)hearof(听说)lookforwardto(期望)feellike(想要)devoteto(致力于)getbeusedto(习惯于)befondof(喜欢)beafraidof(害怕)betiredof(厌烦)succeedin(成功)stopfrom(阻止做)keepfrom(阻止)preventfrom(阻止做)dependon(依靠)spendin(在花费)beinterestedin(对感兴趣)beproudof以为骄傲/自豪,考点突破,课堂小测,()1.（2015呼和浩特）Mr.Smithtoldhisson_thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.A.nottowatchB.tonotwatchC.notwatchingD.doesntwatch()2.（2015天津）Myparentsdidntallowme_totheparty.A.goB.togoC.goesD.went()3.（2015安顺）Whynot_yourfriendsforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.A.askB.toaskC.asksD.asking()4.（2015泰安）Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelights_energy.A.saveB.tosaveC.savingD.saved,A,B,A,B,课堂小测,()5.（2015苏州）Iwastiredout,soIstoppedthecar_ashortrest.haveB.havingC.tohaveD.had()6.（2015武威）Forourcomingvacation,why_goingabroadandseeingtheoutsideworld?A.notconsiderB.toconsiderC.dontthinkD.notthink()7.（2015重庆B卷）Thejokewassofunnythatitmadehim_againandagain.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughedD.laughs（）8.(2015张家界)Peoplewhowontworkshouldbemade_.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked,C,A,A,B,课堂小测,()9.(2015江苏淮安)Istilllikethosegoodoldsongs.Ioftenlistenedto_myselfinmysparetime.A.enjoyB.enjoyingC.toenjoyD.enjoyed（）10.（2015江苏扬州）Whatshouldwetakewhengoingbirdwatching?Weshouldtakeapairofbinoculars_thebirdsclearly.A.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.sees()11.(2015四川南充)ItsnecessaryforusEnglishwell.tolearnB.learningC.learnD.learns（）12.（2015四川资阳）Westopped_,buttherewasnotanysound.A.tolistenB.listensC.listenD.listening,C,C,A,A,课堂小测,（）13.（2015齐齐哈尔）Ifound_notveryeasy_torideabike.A.that,learnB.it,tolearnC.that,tolearnD.it,learn（）14.（2015湖南邵阳）Thegirlwasmade_herbrothersclothes.A.towashB.washC.washingD.washed（）15.（2015湖南衡阳）Ourteachertellsus_onthestreetbecauseitstoodangerous.A.notplaysoccerB.nottoplaysoccerC.tonotplaysoccerD.notplayingsoccer（）16.（2015广州）Sarah,youdbetterdrinkmorewaterafter_forsuchalongtime.A.runB.runsC.torunD.running,B,A,B,D,课堂小测,（）17.（2015安顺）Itstoocoldtoday.Wouldyoumind_thewindow?Certainlynot.Goahead.A.tocloseB.closingC.closeD.closed()18.（2015襄阳）Didyoutalkbacktoyourmotherwhenyouwereachild?Yes.ButnowIrealizeIwaswrong.Ireallyregret_thatsillythingtomymum.A.doB.todoC.doingD.did()19.（2015重庆A/C卷）Iwilltrymybesttostopmysonfrom_thesamemistake.A.makeB.madeC.makesD.making（）20.（2015鄂州）WhatdoyourememberaboutGrade7?Iremember_aprize.A.towinB.winningC.winD.wining,B,C,D,B,英语,首页,末页,()1.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneedsiteveryday.A.practisetospeakB.topractisespeakingC.practisespeakingD.topractisespeak()2.Mikewenttothelibrarysomebooksyesterday.A.borrowB.toborrowC.borrowsD.borrowed()3.Youlooktired.Youdbetteragoodrest.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.tostophaving()4.Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelightenergy.A.saveB.savingC.savedD.tosave,中考模拟演练,B,B,A,D,英语,首页,末页,()5.WhatdidMr.Greensaytohisson?Hetoldhim.A.didntsmokeB.dontsmokeC.nottosmokeD.notsmoke()6.Tomsmothertoldhim_eatingtoomuchmeat.stoppingB.tostopC.stopsD.stopped()7.Dontforgetthankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A.acceptB.toacceptC.sayD.tosay()8.Whynottotheparknow?Goodidea!Letsgo.A.goB.togoC.goesD.going,中考模拟演练,C,B,D,A,英语,首页,末页,()9.Thedriverwantedhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolicenotto.A.parkB.parkedC.toparkD.parking()10.Somechildrencantaffordnecessarystationary.Letsdonateourpocketmoneytothem.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.bebought()11.Manyfastfoodrestaurantspainttheirwallsred,playloudmusicandhavehardseatscustomerseatquicklyandleave.A.makeB.tomakeC.madeD.making()12.Mr.Miller,IamafraidthatIcantfinishthisworkinaweek.Myboy,bebraveandtellyourself.A.dontgiveupB.notgiveupC.nottogiveupD.togiveup,中考模拟演练,C,C,B,C,英语,首页,末页,()13.Wouldyoulikesomething?Yes,Idlikesome.A.drink,orangeB.todrink,orangeC.toeat,orangeD.eat,orange()14.ImsorryImyexercisebookathomethismorning.Itdoesntmatter.Dontforgetitherethisafternoon.A.left;totakeB.forgot;bringingC.left;tobringD.forgot;tobring()15.Iwouldntmindaroommate.Wecanhelpeachotherandsavemoneyaswell.A.havingB.tohaveC.haveD.had()16.OurEnglishteacheroftensaystous,“Englishwellisveryimportant”.A.LearnB.LearningC.LearnedD.Tolearning,中考模拟演练,B,C,A,B,英语,首页,末页,()17.Walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.Youreright.SoIdratheranhourswalktoworkthanconsideracar.A.take;drivingB.take;driveC.take;todriveD.totake;driving()18.Whatelseshouldwepayattentiontobuildingthebridge?Thechangeoftheweather,Ithink.A.finishB.finishedC.tofinishD.finishing()19.Grandpahaschangedalot.Sohehas.Hespendsmoretimethanheusedtogameswiththechildren.A.playB.playingC.playedD.plays()20.energy,turnoffthehotwaterafteryoutakeashower.A.SaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Tosave,中考模拟演练,A,D,A,D,首页,末页,()21.Doyouclimbmountainseveryday?Yes,alittleexercisemakesmehealthy.A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget()22.Whenthestudentswereplayinggamesintheplayground,Jimsuddenlystopped_andbegantoc