小升初阅读理解ech.ppt

echo主讲,小升初阅读理解,阅读理解定义,阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见。所以统览全片和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文中中的一些重要细节。在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过全篇的理解才能得出。统览全片、摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。,解题方法,1、分门别类识别问题2、统览全篇摘录要点3、开通脑筋推测词意5、根据构词法猜测词意6、用知识和生活经验理解短文7、条分缕析理解长句,记叙文,记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素：时间、地点、人物、和事件的起因、发展和结果。人物之间的关系、表现，从中分析他们的思想品质、性格特征等，也需要掌握,议论文,议论文是阐明作者对人或事好坏的立场观点，因此在阅读理解时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论。,应用文,应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异。如：图示、表格、地址、网址等。对这类问题的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。,练习一,Thestudentswerehavingtheirchemistryclass.MissLiwastellingthechildrenwhatwaterwaslike.Afterthat,sheaskedherstudents,Whatswater?NooneansweredMissLiaskedagain，Whydontyouanswermyquestion？DidntItellyouwhatwaterislike？,Justthenaboyputuphishandandsaid，MissLi，youtoldusthatwaterhasnocolorandnosmellButwheretofindsuchkindofwater？ThewaterintheriverbehindmyhouseisalwaysblackandithasabadsmellMostofthechildrenagreedwithhim,Imsorry，childrensaidtheteacher，OurwaterisgettingdirtieranddirtierThatsaproblem1Thestudentswerehavingtheir_classAEnglishBChineseCchemistryDmath,2MissLiwastellingthechildrenwhat_waslike.AwaterBairCearthDweather3Aboysaid，Thewaterintheriverbehindmyhouseisalways_AwhiteBblackCcleanDclear4Mostofthechildren_theboyAagreedwithBwrotetoCheardfromDsentfor5Thewaterintheriverhascolorandsmellbecauseitisgetting_AmoreandmoreBlessandlessCcleanerandcleanerDdirtieranddirtier,练习二,JimisanEnglishboy.HecomestoChinawithhisfatherandmother.Theycomeheretowork.Jimcomesheretostudy.HeisinNo.5MiddleSchool.Hegetsupearlyeveryday.Heisntlateforschool.Hestudieshard.HecanreadEnglishwell.HeoftenhelpsuswithourEnglish,andweoftenhelphimwithhisChinese.,Afterclasshelikesplayingfootball,swimming,running,jumpingandriding.Hemakesmanyfriendshere.Wearegladtostaywithhim.OnSundayheoftenhelpshismothercleanthehouse,mendsomethingordotheshopping.HelikesChinesefoodverymuch.Helikeslivinghere.HelikesChinesestudentsverymuch.Wealllikehim,too.,根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。对的在括号内填T,错的填F.()1.Hegetsuplateeveryday.()2.HeoftenteachesusEnglish.()3.Afterclass,helikessingingandplayingbasketball.()4.OnSundayheoftenhelpshismothercleanthehouse.()5.HedoesntlikeChinesefood.,动词过去式变化规则,1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed,如：stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5.不规则动词过去式：,am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-ggave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat,重读闭音节,单个元音字母后面有辅字母（r除外）且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节。就是一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母的单词。闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音例如：bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;b)元音+辅音例如it、of;c)元音+多个辅音例如：egg，fish。重读音节指的是单词中读音特别响亮的音节。,名词复数规则,1、一般情况下，直接加-s,如：book-books，cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾，加-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v，再加-es,如：knife-knives5.不规则名词复数：,man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,练习三-MothersDay,Hello，boysandgirls.DoyouknowMothersDay?MothersDayisaholidayformothers,ItisonthesecondSundayinMay.ItiscelebratedintheUK.theUSA,Sweden(瑞典)andothercountries.,Ontheday,fathersandchildrenmakethebreakfast,mothersdontwork,andmanypeoplegiveflowersandcardstotheirmothers.MothersDaybeganonthe10thMay1908intheUSA.TheideaofadayformotherswasfirstgivenbyAnnaJarvisoftheUSA.Shewantedpeopletospendonedaysayingthankstotheirmothers.Soontheholidaybecamepopulararoundthecountryandtheworld.,However,in1923,AnnawantedtostopMothersDay.Becauseshedidntlikethewaypeoplechosetocelebrateit.Shewantedpeopletospendmoretimetellingtheirmothersthattheylovethemandspendlessmoneybuyingthings.,1.MothersDayison_.A.thesecondSundayinMayB.thesecondSaturdayinMayC.MaythesecondD.The8thMay19232.WheredidpeoplecelebrateMothersDayfirst?A.PeoplefirstcelebrateditinEnglandB.PeoplefirstcelebrateditinUSAC.PeoplefirstcelebrateditinEngland,America,SwedenandothercountriesD.PeoplefirstcelebrateditinSweden,3.WhydidAnnawanttostopMothersDay?A.BecauseshedidntwanttobeafamouswomanB.BecauseshedidntlikethewaypeoplechosetocelebrateitC.BecauseshedidntmothersD.Becauseshedidnthavemoneytobuypresents4.Theideaof_formotherswasfirstsivenbyAnnaJarvis.A.achildB.aweekC.adayD.aflower,5.Sayingthankstotheirmothersmeans_.A.AsktheirfatherstospendalotofmoneyfortheirmothersB.AsktheirmotherstohavearestC.SpendmuchmoneybuyingpresentsfortheirmothersD.Spendsometimetellingmothersthattheylovethem,大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国,TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritishIslesandNorthernIreland,大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成，是一个位于欧洲西北面大不列颠群岛的君主立宪制国家。始于英格兰王国故简称英国，1536年与威尔士合并，1707年与苏格兰合并，1801年与爱尔兰合并,美利坚合众国（UnitedStatesofAmerica）,瑞典王国(TheKingdomofSweden),练习四,HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing,ourcapital?ItsfarawayfromGuangzhou.Its2,478kilometersfromBeijingtoGuangzhou.ThecityofKunmingis1,706kilometersawayfromGuangzhou.Itsalwayswarmthere.ButitsveryhotinsummerinWuhan,whichis1,225kilometersawayfromGuangzhou.ChangshaisnearGuangzhou.,Its833kilometersfromChangshatoGuangzhou.DoyouknowwhichcityisthebiggestinChina?ItsShanghai.Its1,780kilometersfromGuangzhoutoShanghai.Ifyoutravelbyair,youllfinditveryinterestingandfastenoughtoflyfromGuangzhoutoBeijing.,Itonlytakesyouaboutfourhoursandyoullgetthereeasily,safelyandunhurriedly.Buttravelingbytrainisquitedifferent.YouhavetostayonthetrainformorethenthirtyhourstoarriveinBeijing.Moreandmorepeopleliketotravelbyair.Youcanseewhy,cantyou?,1.IfyouhavebeentoBeijing,ourcapital,youllknow_.A.itsnotfarawayfromalltheothercitiesinChina.B.YouhavetotravellongylandfromGuangzhoutoBeijingC.Itsnotfarawayfromusall.D.ItsnotfarawayfromGuangzhou,2.Fromthepassageweknow_hasthelongestwaytoGuangzhouexceptShanghai.A.WuhanB.ChangshaC.BeijingD.Kunming3.Whichiswrong?A.Wuhanisveryhotinsummer.B.ItswarminwinterinGuangzhou.C.ItsaswarminwinterinKunmingasBeijing.D.Its1,225kilometresfromWuhantoGuangzhou.,4.Whichisright?A.Kunmingis2.478kilometresawayfromBeijing.B.Its833kilometersawayfromGuangzhoutoChangsha.C.BeijingisthehottestcityinChina.D.GuangzhouisthebiggestcityinChina.5.WhydomoreandmorepeopleinChinaliketotravelbyair?Because_A.Itisfasterandmoreinterestingthanbytrain.B.Chinesepeoplelikeplanes.C.TravelingbytrainismuchcheaperD.Itismoreexpensiveandfasterthanbytrain.,练习五,Itseasiertodownhillthantoclimbuphill,soitseasiertofallintobadhabitsthanintogoodones.Badhabitsdonotcomesuddenly.Theycomelittlebylittlewithoutonesbeingawareoftheirdanger.,Schoolboysfirstpickuplittlebadhabitsinschoolandonthestreet.Whentheycannotwritetheirlessons,theycopyfromtheirschoolmates.Iftheyseebiggerboyssmoking,theyalsowanttolearntosmoke.Iftheyseetheirfriendsgambling,theywanttogamble.,Whentheygetbigger,thehabitsbecomestrongerandstranger,sothattheycannolongergetridofthem.Fromcopying,theylearntosteal;fromgambling,theylearntocheat.Atlasttheybecomedistrustedbyeveryone.Hownecessaryitisthatwegetridofthebadhabitsatthebeginning!Ortheyshouldovercomeusintheend!,1.Badhabitsdontcomesuddenly,dothey?_.AYes,theydoBNo,theydontCYes,theydontDNo,theydo(考察反义疑问句)2.Someboystudentsfallintobadhabits_.AinschoolBathomeConthestreetDbothAandC,3.Theboysmaystealfrom_.AcopyingBgamblingCwritingDtheirparent4.Its_tofallintobadhabits,but_togetridofthem.Aeasy,hardBhard,easyCeasy,easyDhard,hard5.Thewriterwantstotellus_.AtostealformoneyBtogetridofbadhabitsatthebeginningCtogouphillDA,BandC,辽宁省沈阳市小升初考题,Ayoungmotherandherlittlegirlgetonabusandsitdown,Thebusconductorcomestoaskthemtobuythetickets.IwantonetickettoChildrensPark.Theconductorlooksatthelittlegirlandsaystoher，Howoldareyou?Thelittlegirlanswers,MothersaysIamfouryearsoldathome,butIamtwoyearsoldonthebus.Theyoungmothersfaceturnsveryred.Thenshebuysahalfticket.,1.Wheredotheygo?A.HomeB.TheparkC.Thebus2.Howdotheygothere?A.BytrainB.OnfootC.Bybus3.Whyisthemothersfacered?A.shefeelshotB.sheisangryC.sheteachesherdaughtertotellalie4.Howoldisthelittlegirl?A.2B.3C.45.Whatsthemeaningoftheticket?A.方便面B.车票C。饮料,北京市丰台区六年级毕业考题Therearefourseasonsinayear,spring,summer,autumnandwinter.March,AprilandMaymakethespringseason.June,JulyandAugustmakethesummerseason,September,OctoberandNovembermaketheautumnseason.December,JanuaryandFebruarymakethewinterseason.,Summeristhehottestseasoninaayear,andwinteristhecoldest.Mostofthegirllikespring.Whenspringcomes,theycangotoparksandzoostoseeallkindsofflowersandanimals.Butboyslikewinter.Inwintertheygocangoskatingandfightwithsnowballs.Ilikesummer.Mybirthdayisinsummer.Icaneaticecreamandgoswimming.Whichseasondoyoulike?,（）1.Therearefiveseasonsinayear（）2.Summeristhehottestseasoninayear.（）3.Sepetember,OctoberandNovembermakethewinterseason.（）4.Childrencangoskatingandfightwithsnowballsinautumn.（）5。MybirthdayisinJanuary.,反义疑问句(TheDisjunctiveQuestion),附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。,1陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式Theyworkhard,dontthey?2陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式Youdidn