北师大版高二英语Unit13语法-过去分词.ppt

Unit13,Grammar,PastParticiple过去分词,YourTextHere,YourTextHere,YourTextHere,YourTextHere,YourTextHere,YourTextHere,Atwork,itisIQthatgetyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.Supportedbyhisacademicresearch,Prof.Saloveysuggests,theircharacter,asmeasuredbyEQtests,mightactuallymatter,haveyoueverwonderedwhysomestudentsinyourclass,1)2)3),4.Peopleareoftenmistakeninthinkingthat.5.ItisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewithhighEQareopentonewideasandTheyareoftenlesslikelytobetroubledbyproblems.apersonsIQisdeterminedbybirth.,4)5)6)7),8)Prof.Mayer,recognisedbymanyasaleadingexpertin9)Whennormalstudentswereintroducedto10)Theyalsoshowedabetterunderstandingofthedisabledstudentsfeelingscomparedtostudentswhohadnotbeeninvolvedinthestudy.11)theirfuturearenotentirelydeterminedbytheirIQs.,Whatsthedifference？,Thewaterisboiling.,Thedogisbarking.,Thedogisinjured.,时间,语态,Shesdrinkingboiledwater.,Summary1,过去分词用于以下三种情况,和助动词一起构成完成时的谓语（havedone）,2.和be动词一起构成被动语态的谓语（bedoneby）,3.非谓语动词,Summary2,过去分词包含两个特点,被动,完成,过去分词,1,2,过去分词具有动词的性质，同时兼有形容词或副词的性质，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。,1.过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。单个过去分词作定语，常置于其所修饰之前；如果是过去分词短语作定语，要放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。,1.Theencouragedpeopleareexcited.2.Thebrokencupisthrownaway.3.Thestorywrittenbyamiddleschoolstudentisverypopularinschools.Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.,及物动词的过去分词作定语，表被动且完成的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成的动作,eg：alostanimal一只迷路的动物ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一个受伤的手指abrokencoin一枚破损的硬币alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛,eg.thefallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳thedevelopedcountries发达国家areturnedstudent一名留学生aretiredteacher一名退休教师anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯,如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的不定代词时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：,ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.Isthereanythingunsolved?Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.,2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成系表结构，表示主语的性质、特征和状态。许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。,Thewindowisbroken.窗户碎了。Dontgetsoexcited.别这么激动,过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。,Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。（是被动语态，表示动作）Thelibraryisnowclosed.图书馆关门了。（过去分词作表语）,作表语的过去分词前可以有修饰语，而被动语态的过去分词前不能加修饰语。TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.Yourcompositioniswellwritten.,【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行。有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用-ing形式来修饰物。ThebookisinterestingandIminterestedinit.,英语中这样的分词还有很多，如,amusing,amused;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying,satisfied;tiring,tired;pleasing,pleased;astonishing,astonished等,3.过去分词作宾语补足语做宾补的过去分词一般都是由及物动词构成的，既表示被动含义又表示完成含义，说明宾语所处的状态。能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：,1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think等。IheardthesongsunginEnglish.Hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.,2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have,make,get,keep,leave等,Illhavemyhaircuttomorrow。Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.Hemanagedtomakehimselfunderstood.【注意】使役动词have、get接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。1.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。,Eg.Hehadhismoneystolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿断了。（自己的经历）3.表示“希望”、“要求”意义的动词。如：like,order,want,wish,expect等Iwouldlikethismattersettledatonce.Iwishmyhomeworkfinishedbeforefiveoclock.过去分词作宾补表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动作。再者其所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。,4.过去分词作状语修饰谓语，说明动作发生的情况和背景。,(1)表示原因Shesoonfellasleep,exhaustedbythejourney.由于旅途劳累，她很快就睡着了。(2)表示条件Givenmoretime,Tomcouldhavefinishedit.多给点时间，汤姆就会完成这件事了。(3)表示让步Repairedmanytimes,thecarstillbrokedownontheroad.虽然修了很多次，但这辆汽车还是在路上抛锚了。,（4）表示伴随情况Ifinallyreachedthefinishinglineutterlyexhausted.我终于疲惫不堪地到达了终点。Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest,followedbyhisdog。（5）表示时间Askedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.Lostintheforest,youshouldfirstofallremainwhereyouare,waitingforhelptocome.,过去分词在句中作状语，过去分词的逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。与句子主语是被动关系。有些过去分词可以用连词加以强调。这些连词有when,once,if,unless,though,asif,although,evenif,eventhough,than,as等。是过去分词在省略句中的应用。Unlessinvited,Iwontattendtheget-together.Oncepublished,thisnovelwillbeverypopular.,有些过去分词（短语）源于系表结构或是某些动词后加-ed转化来的形容词，作状语时不表被动而表状态和特征。常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神贯注于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)satisfied;surpised;disappointed等。如：Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。,The_fanscheeredatthepopstar_onthestage.2.Shesawthethief_intothehousethroughthe_window.,excited,climbing,EX1,singing,Exercise1,broken,Whichformiscorrect,-edor-ing?,Exercise2,Peterwillhavehiscarrepairedafterwork.,Peterwontrepairthecarhimself.Heaskssomeoneelsetodoit.,repairhiscarafterwork,Example,Peter,Exercise2,2.Tomtakesgoodcareofhisteethandhe_everyyear.,Joeusuallywasheshiscarhimself.Buthebrokehisarmyesterday,sohedecidesto_thisweekend.,EX2,Completethesentences,haveitwashed,hasthemexamined,/get,(examinehisteeth),Exercise2,3.TowelcometheBeijingOlympics,thecitygovernment_alongtheroads.,hadmanyflowers,4.Sheissobusythatshedoesnthavetimetocleanthehouse.Soshe_everyweekend.,hasthe,housecleaned,planted,(plantmanyflowers),cuthishaironFriday,paintthehousebeforethenewyear,Jack,Sally,Whataretheygoingtodo?Why？,Lookandsay(宾补),Exercise3,Theinjuredboycannottakepartinthesportsmeet.,AllbookswhichwereborrowedfromthelibraryshouldbereturnedbyFriday.,Theboywhoisinjuredcannottakepartinthesportsmeet.,AllbooksborrowedfromthelibraryshouldbereturnedbyFriday.,Exercise3,1.theriverwhichwaspolluted2.Mostpeoplewhowereinvitedtotheconferencewerebusinessmen3.themoneythatwascollectedfromdifferentcompanies.,thepollutedriver,Mostpeopleinvitedtotheconference,themoneycollectedfromdifferentcompanies,EX4,2.Supportedbyhisacademicresearch,Prof.Saloveysuggests8.Prof.Mayer,recognisedbymanyasaleadingexpertin10.Theyalsoshowedabetterunderstandingofthedisabledstudentsfeelingscomparedtostudentswhohadnotbeeninvolvedinthestudy.,2.Prof.Salo