Opera笔试经历（含笔试题）.doc

Opera笔试经历（含笔试题） Whileyoumayfindthatdoingastraightforwardmathprobleminthecontextofaninterviewisabittougher,youcanseethatitisjustamatterofbreakingtheproblemdown.Wearelookingforbothyourabilitytosettheanalysisupproperlyandthentodothemathinrealtime.QuestionQ:Inordertodecidewhethertoreducecostsattheleastefficientschools(i.e.,thosewithanaveragecostperhireof$2,000),whatelsewouldyouwanttoknow?A:Someofthepossibleanswersaregivenbelow.Basicquestions:Whataretheponentsofcostsattheseschools(whyisitsoexpensivetorecruitthere)?Whatopportunitiesexisttoreducecosts?Howmuchcostsavingswouldresultfromimplementingeachoftheopportunities?Whatconsequenceswouldimplementingeachoftheseopportunitieshaveonrecruitingattheleastefficientschools?Questionsdemonstratingfurtherinsight:Whyisthecostloweratmoreefficientschools,andaretherebestpracticesinresourcemanagementthatcanbeappliedtotheleastefficientschools?Ifwereducecostsattheleastefficientschools,whatwillwedowiththecostsavings(i.e.,whatwouldbethebenefitofspendingthemoneyelsewherevs.whereitiscurrentlybeingspent)?Wewouldnotexpectanyonetoeupwithalloftheseanswers,butwehopesomeofyouranswersheadinthesamedirectionasours.Yoursmaybringsomeadditionalinsights.Ineithercase,besurethatyoucanclearlyexplainhowyourquestionwillbringyouclosertotherightdecision.QuestionTheMcKinseyteamconductssomeanalysisthatindicatesthatincreasingspendingonblanketadvertising(e.g.,advertisements/flyersoncampus)doesnotyieldanysignificantincreaseinhires.Q5:Giventhatincreasedblanketadvertisingspendingseemstoberelativelyineffective,andtheclientdoesntwanttoincreaseoverallcosts,whatmightbesomeotherideasforincreasingthecandidatepoolonaspecificcampus?A:Wearelookingforatleastacoupleofanswersliketheonesgivenbelow:Improve/enhancerecruitingmessages(e.g.,understandtargetcandidategroup,refocusmessageonthisgroup,understandpetitivedynamiconcampus)Utilizereferrals(e.g.,faculty,alumni)Comeupwithcreativewaystotargetspecificdepartments/clubsoftheschoolRethinkadvertisingspendingwhileincreasingblanketadspendingdoesntseemtowork,advertisingmightstillbethemostefficientandeffectivewaytoincreasethenumberofcandidatesifitisdeployedinamoresystematic,targetedwayThisquestionisagoodonefordemonstratingcreativitybecausetheresalonglistofpossibleideas.Additionalinsightsintohowagivenideawouldbeapproachedandhowmuchitwouldcostarehelpful.QuestionForsimplicityssake,letssayweveconductedmarketresearchandfoundthattherearetwotypesofpeopleoneachcampus,AandB.Historically,ourclienthasalsousedtwotypesofrecruitingmessagesinitsadvertising.Thefirst,calledSeetheWorld,getsonepercentoftypeAstudentstoapply,butthreepercentoftypeBstudents.Thesecond,calledPathwaytoLeadership,getsfivepercentofTypeAstudentstoapply,butonlytwopercentoftypeBstudents.ThechartbelowliststhebreakdownoftypesAandBstudentsatsomeofourmajorcampuses,andthemessageourclientisusingoncampus.School%ofTypeAStudents%ofTypeBStudentsRecruitingMessageUsedonCampusUniversity180%20%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity248%52%SeetheWorldUniversity370%30%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity460%40%SeetheWorldQ6:Assumingtheresnodifferencebetweenthecostsofeachmessage,whatcanyoutellmefromthisinformation?School%ofTypeAStudents%ofTypeBStudentsRecruitingMessageUsedonCampusUniversity180%20%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity248%52%SeetheWorldUniversity370%30%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity460%40%SeetheWorldA:Accordingtothesenumbers,theclientshouldusethePathwaytoLeadershipmessageacrossallfouruniversities.TheSeetheWorldmessageispreferableonlyifmorethan80%ofthestudentsatagivenuniversityareoftypeB.Anevenmoreinsightfulresponsewouldmentionthattheultimateanswerdependsonthecostofeachmessage,whetherthecostincreasesdependingonthenumberofstudentsatthecampus,andhowinterestedweareinstudentsofTypeAvs.TypeB(e.g.,willonetypebemorelikelythantheothertogetanofferandtobesuccessfulonthejob).Onecouldimagineusingbothmessagesonsomecampusesiftheadditionalcostwerejustifiedbytheresultingincreaseinhires.QuestionUniversity4graduates1,000seniorseachyear.Q7:HowmanynewcandidatesmightbegeneratedbychangingtherecruitingmessageatUniversity4toPathwaytoLeadership?A:Theansweris20candidates(i.e.,anincreaseofover100%).NumberofeachtypeofstudentatUniversity4:1,000seniorsx60%=600TypeAstudents1,000seniorsx40%=400TypeBstudentsCandidatesattractedbeSeetheWorldmessage:(1%x600)+(3%x400)=18candidatesCandidatesattractedbyPathwaytoLeadershipmessage:(5%x600)+(2%x400)=38candidatesIncreaseincandidatesresultingfromchangeinmessage:3818=20morecandidates(anincreaseofover100%)QuestionQ8:Whatsortofnextstepsshouldwetellourclientwedliketotakebasedonwhatwehavediscussedtoday?A:Theabilitytoetoalogical,defensiblesynthesisbasedontheinformationavailableatanypointinanengagementiscriticaltotheworkwedo.Eventhoughwedconsiderourselvestobeveryearlyintheoverallprojectatthispointinthecase,wedowanttobeabletoshareourcurrentperspective.Theidealanswerwouldincludethefollowingpoints:FINDINGSThereappearstobeanopportunitytosignificantlyincreasetotalapplicantsofthesamequalitythatwearegettingtodayatthesameorreducedcost:Increasingblanketadvertisingisineffectiveandcostly,butchangingtheadvertisingmessageonsomecampusescouldincreaseapplicantssignificantlywithoutincreasingcosts.Atoneofthecampuseswevelookedat,University4,thenumberofapplicantswouldgoupmorethan100percentThecostperhirevariesdramaticallyfromschooltoschool.ThissuggeststhattheremaybeopportunitiestoreducecostsincertainplacesorreallocateresourcesmoreefficientlyNEXTSTEPSWeplantoexplorefurtherideasforincreasingqualityapplicationsbychangingthemixofschools,beginningwithamoredetailedreviewoftheopportunitiestoreducecostsatcertainschoolsAfterlookingatleverstoincreasetotalapplicants,wewillbeanalyzingopportunitiestoimprovetheofferrate(i.e.,ensurewerenotturningdownqualityapplicants)andtoincreasetheacceptancerateWewillexamineadditionalmethodsforattractingmoreapplicationsfromourcurrentcampuses(e.g.,referrals,clubs)inadditiontoassessingtheimpactofimprovedmessagingoncampus Whileyoumayfindthatdoingastraightforwardmathprobleminthecontextofaninterviewisabittougher,youcanseethatitisjustamatterofbreakingtheproblemdown.Wearelookingforbothyourabilitytosettheanalysisupproperlyandthentodothemathinrealtime.QuestionQ:Inordertodecidewhethertoreducecostsattheleastefficientschools(i.e.,thosewithanaveragecostperhireof$2,000),whatelsewouldyouwanttoknow?A:Someofthepossibleanswersaregivenbelow.Basicquestions:Whataretheponentsofcostsattheseschools(whyisitsoexpensivetorecruitthere)?Whatopportunitiesexisttoreducecosts?Howmuchcostsavingswouldresultfromimplementingeachoftheopportunities?Whatconsequenceswouldimplementingeachoftheseopportunitieshaveonrecruitingattheleastefficientschools?Questionsdemonstratingfurtherinsight:Whyisthecostloweratmoreefficientschools,andaretherebestpracticesinresourcemanagementthatcanbeappliedtotheleastefficientschools?Ifwereducecostsattheleastefficientschools,whatwillwedowiththecostsavings(i.e.,whatwouldbethebenefitofspendingthemoneyelsewherevs.whereitiscurrentlybeingspent)?Wewouldnotexpectanyonetoeupwithalloftheseanswers,butwehopesomeofyouranswersheadinthesamedirectionasours.Yoursmaybringsomeadditionalinsights.Ineithercase,besurethatyoucanclearlyexplainhowyourquestionwillbringyouclosertotherightdecision.QuestionTheMcKinseyteamconductssomeanalysisthatindicatesthatincreasingspendingonblanketadvertising(e.g.,advertisements/flyersoncampus)doesnotyieldanysignificantincreaseinhires.Q5:Giventhatincreasedblanketadvertisingspendingseemstoberelativelyineffective,andtheclientdoesntwanttoincreaseoverallcosts,whatmightbesomeotherideasforincreasingthecandidatepoolonaspecificcampus?A:Wearelookingforatleastacoupleofanswersliketheonesgivenbelow:Improve/enhancerecruitingmessages(e.g.,understandtargetcandidategroup,refocusmessageonthisgroup,understandpetitivedynamiconcampus)Utilizereferrals(e.g.,faculty,alumni)Comeupwithcreativewaystotargetspecificdepartments/clubsoftheschoolRethinkadvertisingspendingwhileincreasingblanketadspendingdoesntseemtowork,advertisingmightstillbethemostefficientandeffectivewaytoincreasethenumberofcandidatesifitisdeployedinamoresystematic,targetedwayThisquestionisagoodonefordemonstratingcreativitybecausetheresalonglistofpossibleideas.Additionalinsightsintohowagivenideawouldbeapproachedandhowmuchitwouldcostarehelpful.QuestionForsimplicityssake,letssayweveconductedmarketresearchandfoundthattherearetwotypesofpeopleoneachcampus,AandB.Historically,ourclienthasalsousedtwotypesofrecruitingmessagesinitsadvertising.Thefirst,calledSeetheWorld,getsonepercentoftypeAstudentstoapply,butthreepercentoftypeBstudents.Thesecond,calledPathwaytoLeadership,getsfivepercentofTypeAstudentstoapply,butonlytwopercentoftypeBstudents.ThechartbelowliststhebreakdownoftypesAandBstudentsatsomeofourmajorcampuses,andthemessageourclientisusingoncampus.School%ofTypeAStudents%ofTypeBStudentsRecruitingMessageUsedonCampusUniversity180%20%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity248%52%SeetheWorldUniversity370%30%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity460%40%SeetheWorldQ6:Assumingtheresnodifferencebetweenthecostsofeachmessage,whatcanyoutellmefromthisinformation?School%ofTypeAStudents%ofTypeBStudentsRecruitingMessageUsedonCampusUniversity180%20%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity248%52%SeetheWorldUniversity370%30%PathwaytoLeadershipUniversity460%40%SeetheWorldA:Accordingtothesenumbers,theclientshouldusethePathwaytoLeadershipmessageacrossallfouruniversities.TheSeetheWorldmessageispreferableonlyifmorethan80%ofthestudentsatagivenuniversityareoftypeB.Anevenmoreinsightfulresponsewouldmentionthattheultimateanswerdependsonthecostofeachmessage,whetherthecostincreasesdependingonthenumberofstudentsatthecampus,andhowinterestedweareinstudentsofTypeAvs.TypeB(e.g.,willonetypebemorelikelythantheothertogetanofferandtobesuccessfulonthejob).Onecouldimagineusingbothmessagesonsomecampusesiftheadditionalcostwerejustifiedbytheresultingincreaseinhires.QuestionUniversity4graduates1,000seniorseachyear.Q7:HowmanynewcandidatesmightbegeneratedbychangingtherecruitingmessageatUniversity4toPathwaytoLeadership?A:Theansweris20candidates(i.e.,anincreaseofover100%).NumberofeachtypeofstudentatUniversity4:1,000seniorsx60%=600TypeAstudents1,000seniorsx40%=400TypeBstudentsCandidatesattractedbeSeetheWorldmessage:(1%x600)+(3%x400)=18candidatesCandidatesattractedbyPathwaytoLeadershipmessage:(5%x600)+(2%x400)=38candidatesIncreaseincandidatesresultingfromchangeinmessage:3818=20morecandidates(anincreaseofover100%)QuestionQ8:Whatsortofnextstepsshouldwetellourclientwedliketotakebasedonwhatwehavediscussedtoday?A:Theabilitytoetoalogical,defensiblesynthesisbasedontheinformationavailableatanypointinanengagementiscriticaltotheworkwedo.Eventhoughwedconsiderourselvestobeveryearlyi