高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 8 Adventure课件 北师大版必修3.ppt

Unit8Adventure,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.adventuren.奇遇,冒险的经历adventurousadj.爱冒险的;大胆的2.presentern.节目主持人presentvt.提出;介绍;呈现adj.现在的;出席的n.现在;礼物presencen.出席3.majoradj.较重要的,较严重的majorityn.多数4.horizonn.地平线5.organisation/organizationn.团体,组织,机构6.uncomfortableadj.不舒服的,不自在的comfortable(反义词)adj.舒服的7.routen.路线,路程,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,8.luggagen.行李9.accommodationn.住所,住处accommodatevt.为提供住宿;使适应10.maximumadj.最大的,最多的minimum(反义词)adj.最小的,最少的11.altituden.高度,海拔12.optionaladj.可选择的,非强制的optionn.选项,选择权;选修课13.differvi.不同于,有区别differencen.区别;差异differentadj.不同的14.footprintn.脚印,足迹,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,15.anxiousadj.忧虑的,担心的anxietyn.焦虑,令人焦虑的事16.extremeadj.极度的,极端的extremelyadv.极端地;非常17.gymnasticsn.体操,体育18.similarityn.相似性,类似性similaradj.相似的n.相似物19.exactlyadv.确切地,精确地20.riskvt.冒的危险21.variousadj.不同的,各种各样的varietyn.多样,种类,变化22.flowvi.流动,涌出,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,23.equipmentn.配备,设备equipvt.装备;配备24.preferencen.较喜欢的东西,偏爱prefervt.大量,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,29.statementn.陈述30.quantityn.量,数量31.preparationn.准备,预备preparevt.准备;使适合vi.预备preparedadj.准备好的32.ambitionn.志向,抱负ambitiousadj.有雄心的,野心勃勃的33.functionvt.运转,起作用34.patiencen.耐心,忍耐力patientadj.有耐心的35.nationalityn.国籍36.transportn.运输,运送transportationn.运输;运输工具,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,37.observevt.观察,观测observationn.观察,观察力38.disadvantagen.不利,不利条件advantage(反义词)n.优势;有利条件39.survivaln.幸存,残存,生存;幸存者40.sheltern.遮蔽,庇护所vt.无界限的,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.takeoff起飞2.rightnow就在此刻3.upsidedown颠倒地,倒置地4.turnup出现,到场5.backout决定不履行(允诺的事)6.getacross使理解(某事)7.inturn轮流;反过来8.breakout(坏事)突然发生,爆发9.putintoprison关进监狱10.standby坚持(某种)说法11.ononesway在途中12.breakdown损坏,不能运转,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,13.runoutof用完,耗尽14.carryon继续(做某事),重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.有搬运工为你搬运行李,这意味着你能尽情享受旅行。Andourporterscarryyourluggage,whichmeansthatyoucansimplyenjoytheexperience.2.虽然人们爱读马可的书,但许多人认为他写的有关中国的东西太离奇而不可信。Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook,manyofthemthoughtthatMarcosstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.3.阿蒙森于1911年10月15日首先出发。Amundsenwasthefirsttoleave,onOctober15,1911.4.我们早晨穿鞋的动作变得越来越慢。Puttingonourshoesinthemorningisgettingslowerandslower.,Alotofhikingholidayssoundexciting,buttherealityisoftenverydifferent.Hikingtripscanbeuncomfortableandevendangerous.1.However,atAdventure2000weunderstandtheneedsofhikers.Allourguidesare2.experienced(experience)inleadinghikingtripsintheHimalayas.Theyknowallthebestroutesand3.camping(camp)places.Whileonahikingtrip,ourcookspreparedeliciousmeals.Andourporterscarryyourluggage,which4.means(mean)thatyoucansimplyenjoytheexperience.Goodtravel5.arrangements(arrange)arealsoimportant.Weorganizealltheflightsforyou:fromLondontoBeijing,fromBeijingtoLahsaandbustravelinTibet.Thererealsospecialoffersforpeople6.whodontwanttogostraighthomeafterwards.Ifyoulikehistory,thereisatriptoWesternChina.Ifyouprefer7.tospend(spend)sometimeonthecoast,wecanorganizeittoo.,ThisisaClassAhikeyouhavetobe8.physically(physical)fit.Therearewalksof6-8hoursmostdays,with9.amaximumaltitudeof5,545metres.Thehikecosts2,500,allflightsandaccommodation10.included(include).Maximumgroupsizeis15people.HikesarebetweenOctoberandMay.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,differvi.不同于,有区别Howdothetouristsdifferfromlocalpeople?游客与当地居民有什么不同呢?(教材原句P23)常见用法differfrom不同于,和不同,和意见不一致differin在方面不同differwithsb.about/on/oversth.与某人在某事上持不同看法ChinesediffersgreatlyfromJapaneseinpronunciation.汉语发音跟日语大不相同。Thetwinslookalikebutdifferinmanyways.这对双胞胎看起来很像,但在许多方面都不同。Wedifferwiththemonthatquestion.我们在那个问题上和他们有不同的看法。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.differentadj.有差异的,不同的bedifferentfromsb./sth.insth.在某方面与某人(物)不同2.differentlyadv.不同地3.differencen.差异,差别makea/nodifference有/无影响,(不)要紧,(不)重要tellthedifferencebetween.区分的差别现学活用单句填空1.Thewayhediditwasdifferentfromwhatwewereusedto.2.Itmakesnodifference(different)tomewhetheryoulikeitornot,becauseIneverlistentoyou.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,anxiousadj.忧虑的,担心的,不安的;渴望的Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeelanxiousandtheysleptbadlythatnight.从那一刻起,他们就很担心,而且那天晚上他们也睡得不好。(教材原句P23)常见用法beanxiousfor/aboutsth.为某事担心/忧虑beanxioustodosth.渴望做某事beanxiousthat.急于beanxiousforsb.todosth.急于让某人做某事Wereanxiousforyoursafereturn.我们盼望你平安归来。Wewereanxiousthatthereshouldbenomisunderstanding.我们特别希望没有误解。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.anxiouslyadv.焦虑地2.anxietyn.忧虑,担心;渴望withanxiety焦虑地词义辨析1.anxious指热切地希望实现愿望,并因顾虑愿望落空而心情不安,感到焦虑的。2.eager指以巨大的热情渴望实现愿望或达到目的的,有时也指由于其他感情影响而表现急不可耐的,后面可接for或者不定式。3.keen指对某人、某物怀有极大兴趣或热情的,后接不定式或介词on或about。4.nervous指在某个事件之前或之中感到“胆怯、焦虑不安”,常与介词of连用。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用anxious的相关用法完成句子1.他希望不被人误解。Heisanxiousnottobemisunderstood.2.她盼望他见她的父亲。Sheisanxiousthatheshouldmeetherfather.3.一到星期天他们就急着回家。TheyareanxioustogohomeonSundays.4.我们焦急地等待考试结果。Wewaitedwithanxiety/anxiouslyfortheexaminationresults.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,riskvt.冒的危险n.危险;风险Whatmakespeoplerisktheirlivestodothem?是什么让人们冒着生命危险去玩这些极限运动呢?(教材原文P24)常见用法1.risk(doing)sth.冒险做某事riskoneslife(todosth.)冒着生命危险(做某事)2.atallrisks(=atanyrisk)无论冒什么危险;无论如何atrisk在危险中attheriskof(doing)sth.冒着(做)某事的风险run/takerisks/arisk冒险run/taketheriskofdoingsth.冒险做某事,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Theyrushedout,riskinggettingcaughtinthestorm.他们冒着遭遇暴风雨之险冲出去了。Thefiremanriskedhislifetosavethechildfromthefire.消防员冒着生命危险从大火中救出了孩子。Attheriskofsoundingstupid,canIaskasimplequestion?恕在下愚昧,我能否问一个简单的问题?现学活用单句填空1.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldntrisklosing(lose)thegoodopportunity.2.Hungeristhenumberoneglobalhealthrisk,sotheWFPhasorganizedalotofprograms,whichtargetspeoplemostat不填risk.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,amazevt.使吃惊,使惊愕n.吃惊;好奇Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.马可也同样为中国的美丽和强大而感到震撼。(教材原句P26)常见用法amazesb.令某人惊奇beamazedby因而感到惊讶Herknowledgeamazesusstudents.她的学识令我们学生惊讶。Iwasamazedbyherheroicacts.我被她的英雄行为所折服。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.amazedadj.吃惊的,惊讶的beamazedat对感到惊奇beamazedtodo做感到惊讶beamazedthat.因而大感惊讶2.amazingadj.令人惊奇的3.amazementn.惊愕,惊异inamazement惊讶地toonesamazement使某人惊讶的是现学活用用amaze的适当形式填空Muchtoouramazement,theamazingnewsthatmadeusallamazedwasinventedbyasix-year-oldboy.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,preparationn.准备,预备Duringthepolarsummerof1910-1911,bothteamsorganizedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.在19101911年的南极夏季期间,两支探险队都布设了食物补给点,为第二年的探险做好准备。(教材原句P28)常见用法makepreparationsfor/todosth.为做某事做准备(be)inpreparation在准备中inpreparationfor为作准备Studentsareallmakingpreparationsforthecomingexam.学生们都在为即将到来的考试作准备。Theteamhavebeentraininghardinpreparationforthebiggame.为备战大赛,队员们一直在严格训练。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.preparevt.准备,预备;筹备;调制;为作准备vi.准备;预备;作准备preparetodosth.准备做某事prepare(sb.)forsth.(使某人)为某事做准备2.preparedadj.有准备的,事先准备好的;愿意做某事的bepreparedforsth./todosth.=bereadyforsth./todosth.为(做)某事做好了准备;愿意做某事现学活用单句填空1.Heispreparinghisspeechforthemeetingtomorrow.2.Behindanysuccessfuleventlaymonthsofpreparation(prepare).,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,observevt.观察,观测Air-conditionedvehiclesforobservinganimals.供观察动物用的空调车。(教材原句P30)常见用法observesth.观察某事物observesb.dosth.观察某人做某事observesb.doingsth.观察某人正在做某事observethat.观察到Iobservedhimstopatthegate.我看到他在门口停了下来。Thepoliceobservedthemanentering/enterthebank.警方监视着那个男子进入银行的情况。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.observern.观察者;观测者;遵守者2.observationn.观测;监测;观察,观察力underobservation被监视词义辨析1.observe“观察”,侧重于从不同的角度长时间地看并研究。2.lookat“集中注意力地看”,强调动作。3.see“看见,看到”,强调结果,一般不用进行时态。4.watch“注视,注意或仔细地看或观察”,侧重所看事物的变化、移动和发展。5.notice“看到,注意到,觉察到”,指(偶然)看到细小的但可能重要的事情,强调结果。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用observe的适当形式填空1.Thepatientwasobservedoveraperiodofseveralweeksbeforeshewasoutofdanger.2.Thesickmanisunderobservationinhospitalatpresent.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,sheltern.掩蔽,保护;庇护所vt.发现;调大(高)WhenIturnedupformyfirstjumpIwassonervousthatItriedtobackout.第一次站在跳台上时我紧张得想打退堂鼓(教材原句P25)Hesaidhewouldarriveontime;hehasntturnup,though.他说过会准时到的,可到现在还没露面。Wearestillhopingsomethingwillturnup.我们依然期待事情会有转机。Turnuptheradioalittletomakethenewsheardclearly.收音机音量调大点儿以便能听清新闻的内容。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸turnaway走开;把脸转过去turnaround/round转变,(使)转好turnback(使)折回;(使)往回走turndown关小,调低;拒绝turnin转身进入;拐入;交出turninto进入;使变成,使成为turnon开(水、电、暖气等)turnoff关(水、电、暖气等);拐弯turnout生产;驱逐;翻转;出席turnover(机器等)运转;翻过来;仔细考虑taketurns依次,轮流turnto变成;求助于;着手;查阅,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用在空白处填入一个适当的介词或副词1.(2011江苏高考改编)Youlookupset.Whatsthematter?Ihadmyproposalturneddownagain.2.Withnoonetoturntoinsuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,getacross使理解(某事),使明白,(使)越过,通过Itsdifficulttogetacrosshowexcitingitis!这项运动激动人心的程度真是难以言表。(教材原句P25)Michaelfinallygothiswordsacrosstothepasser-by.麦克尔终于让那个路人明白自己在说什么。Themessageconveyedinthepassagegotacrossatlast.终于弄明白了文章的主旨。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸getahead进步,成功,长进getalong/on(with)过日子,过活;相处;进展getaway(from)逃脱,逃离,离开,摆脱;离题,跑题getawaywith逃避惩罚getdown写下,记下;使疲倦、生病或不安getdownto认真地静下心(工作)getinto陷入,养成(某种习惯)getit了解,懂得;挨骂,受处分getover恢复过来;克服,战胜getthrough熬过(困境);接通电话;达到(标准),通过(测试),重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用在空白处填入一个适当的介词或副词1.(2013天津高考改编)IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasntabletogetaway.2.Afterthat,heknewhecouldgetthroughanyemergencybydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,inturn转而,反过来;依次,轮流;结果,后来Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.马可也同样为中国的美丽和强大而感到震撼。(教材原句P26)Alltheoriesoriginatefrompracticeandinturnservepractice.任何理论都来源于实践,反过来又为实践服务。Thenewstudentscalledouttheirnamesinturn.新生逐一报出自己的名字。ItoldFrancisthenewsandheinturntoldMurphy.我把消息告诉了弗朗西斯,他又告诉了墨菲。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸1.byturns轮流地,交替地,时而时而inonesturn(依次)轮到某人outofturn不依顺序地,冒冒失失地,轻率地taketurnsdoingsth.轮流做某事taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事Itsonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了2.inreturn作为回报inreturnfor.作为的回报,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用turn或return填空1.Wegivedogstime,spaceandlovewecanspare,andinreturn,dogsgiveustheirall.2.AcleanenvironmentcanhelpthecitybidfortheOlympics,whichinturnwillpromoteitseconomicdevelopment.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,breakout(战争等)爆发,(疾病、灾难等)突然发生Notlongafterhisreturn,alocalwarbrokeoutnearhistown.他回到家乡后不久,一场区域性的战争在他家乡附近爆发了。(教材原句P26)Everythingseemedquiteregularwhenthefirebrokeout.起火的时候,一切似乎都很正常。Beadsofpainbrokeoutonherforehead.她痛得额头上爆出一颗颗汗珠子。Spontaneousapplausebrokeoutassoonasshefinishedspeaking.她一讲完,大家不约而同都鼓起掌来。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸breakaway逃走,逃脱breakdown破坏,拆散;(机器)损坏;精神崩溃,失去控制;垮掉breakin闯入,强行进入;打断,插嘴;训练,驯养;使(某人)熟悉工作breakinto闯入;打断,插话;突然起来breakoff突然停止;暂停;休息一下;折断;绝交breakthrough突破,突围breakup使(关系)破裂,分裂;结束,解散,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析1.breakout指灾难性的事件,如战争、火灾、疾病等的爆发。2.happen强调事件发生的偶然性。3.takeplace强调必然性或按实际的安排或计划而发生。eabout常指不受控制的事情的发生,相当于happen。常用句型:“Howdoes/diditcomeaboutthat.?”意为“是怎样发生的?”5.occur指意想不到的事情的发生,是相当正式的用词,很少用在口语中。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用根据括号中所给汉语意思填入适当的动词或动词短语1.Itsalready10oclock.Iwonderhowitcameabout(发生)thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.2.Justthenabrightideaoccurred(出现)tome.3.Ihappened(碰巧)tomeethimintheboilerroomyesterday.4.Ifawarbrokeout(爆发),manyothercountrieswouldbeaffected.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,runoutof用完,耗尽Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.队员们很快就精疲力竭了,食物也快吃光了。(教材原句P28)拓展延伸runabout到处跑,(孩子们)自由玩耍runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐,追踪runaway(常与from连用)逃走,逃脱;逃避,躲开runinto碰撞,遇上,偶然遇到;陷于,碰上(困境、麻烦等)runover(车辆)轧过,压过;流出,溢出;匆匆看过runthrough浏览;预演,排练,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析1.runoutof意为“用完(某物)”,及物动词短语,主语为人,一般不用被动语态。Weverunoutofpetrol.Whatabore!我们的汽油用完了。真麻烦!2.runout意为“被用完了”,不及物动词短语,其主语常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。Theydecidedtogohomebeforetheirmoneyranout.他们决定在钱用完之前回家。3.giveout表示“(食物、燃料、电力等)用完,耗尽;(人)筋疲力尽”时为不及物动词短语,表示“分发;发出(气味、热等);发表,公布”等含义时为及物动词短语。4.useup意为“用尽;吃光”,为及物动词短语。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thefoodsupplieswillgive(give)outattheendofnextweek.2.Imstillworkingonmyproject.Oh,youllmissthedeadline.Timeisrunning(run)out.3.Hisstrengthgave(give)outafterheranthatlongdistance.4.Makingsoupisagoodwayofusing(use)upleftovervegetables.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,非限制性定语从句Andourporterscarryyourluggage,whichmeansthatyoucansimplyenjoytheexperience.有搬运工为你搬运行李,这意味着你能尽情享受旅行。(教材原句P22)本句中which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,用以指代前面的一件事。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,若将非限制性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号隔开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词主要有指人的who,whom,ofwhom,whose,指物的which,ofwhich,whose,as等。引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词主要有when,where等。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.我们的向导是法裔加拿大人,厨艺精湛。Inthepresenceofsomanypeoplehewaslittletense,whichwasunderstandable.在那么多人面前他有点紧张,这是可以理解的。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用单项填空1.Mybrothersbedroomisalwaysamess,andhecanneverfindanything,isveryfrustrating.(D)A.whereB.whomC.whenD.which2.Theboysreachedanislandseparatedfromtheoutsideworld,theybelievedlotsoftreasurewashiddensomewhere.(C)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,too.to.句型Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbooks,manyofthemthoughtthatMarcosstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.虽然人们爱读马可的书,但许多人认为他写的有关中国的东西太离奇而不可信。(教材原句P26)本句中含有“too.to.”结构,表示“太而不能”。too后面可以接形容词或者副词。too.to.句型可以和so.that.句型相互转化。Thebridgeistoonarrowforthetrucktocross.=Thebridgeissonarrowthatthetruckcantcross.桥太窄,卡车过不去。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,特别提醒1.当too后接ready,willing,glad,pleased等表示心理活动的形容词时,句子表示肯定意义,意为“非常,很”。Iamtoopleasedtomeetyouagain.再次见到你,我非常高兴。2.nevertoo.to和canttoo.表示“再也不为过”。Itsnevertoocarefultocrosstheroad.过马路时越小心越好。现学活用句型转换1.Shewassoweakthatshecouldnttakecareofherbaby.Shewastooweaktotakecareofherbaby.2.Theboxissoheavythathecantcarryit.Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarry.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,动名词作主语的用法Puttingonourshoesinthemorningisgettingslowerandslower.我们早晨穿鞋的动作变得越来越慢。(教材原句P28)Puttingonourshoesinthemorning是动名词短语作主语。1.动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。Jogginginthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.早晨慢跑会给你带来许多好处。2.为了保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主语。Itisnouseaskingthebossforhelp.找老板帮忙是没用的。3.复合动名词结构的逻辑主语用名词或代词的所有格形式。Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.他们来帮忙对我们是很大的鼓励。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.(2013福建高考改编)Knowing(know)basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.2.Itsdangerousstanding(stand)inthemiddleoftheroad.,一、单句填空1.(2015福建高考改编)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeports(base)onthesurvey,butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.based。句意:基于这项调查,研究小组制作了两份报告,但是这两份报告都没有包含任何有用的建议。basedonthesurvey作定语,相当于whichwerebasedonthesurvey。2.(2015北京高考改编)Onethingisclear:fortheselargeranimals,stayingtransparentisan(act)process.active。空后是名词process,故应用形容词修饰名词。active“活跃的,积极的”。3.Idontagreewithher,butIadmireherstickingtoherprinciple.for。admiresb.fordoingsth.“钦佩某人做某事”。故填介词for。4.(2014湖南高考改编)Allweneedisasmallpieceoflandwherewecanplant(vary)kindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.various。此处应用形容词作定语修饰kinds。variouskindso