介绍孔子英文演讲.ppt

,confucius,Confucius(bornKongQiu,styledZhongNi)wasborninthevillageofZouinthecountryofLuin551B.C.,apoordescendantofadeposednoblefamily.descendant=son,grandson,great-grandsonetc.deposed=sb.beforcedtogiveuphispoliticalposition,AsConfuciuswasugly,hisfatherlefthiminthiscavewhenhewasborn.,ConfuciusLife,Asachild,heheldmake-believetemplerituals;asayoungadult,hequicklyearneda_forfairness,politenessandloveoflearning,andhewasreputedtobequitetall.Hetraveledextensivelyandstudiedattheimperialcapital,Zhou,whereheissaidtohavemetandspokewithLaoZi,thefounderofDaoism.make-believe=pretendritualn.=ceremonyimperialadj.=royalextensively=wideA.reputation(common)B.renown(thestrongesttone),UponhisreturntoLu,hegainedrenownasateacher,butwhenhewas35,DukeZhaoofLuledhiscountrytowar,frequentlycomingtohimforadvice.WhenothernoblesbeganplottingagainstConfuciusposition,DukeZhaorefusedtointervene,andConfuciusreturnedtoLu.Butconditionstherewerenobetterthanbefore,andConfuciusretiredfrompubliclifetoconcentrateonteachingandstudying.Plotvi.=discusssecretlyIntervene=stopthisact,Atage50,hewasapproachedbytheBaronofQitohelpdefendagainstarebellion,buthedeclined.HewaslaterpromotedbynewDukeofLuseveraltimes,eventuallybecomingChiefMinisterofLu.Rebellion=mote=sb.begivenabetterjobandhigherposition.Guessthemeaningofdecline.,ConfuciusspentthenextfiveyearswanderingChinawithhisdisciples,findingthathispresenceatroyalcourtswasrarelytoleratedforlongbeforenobleswouldbeginplottingtodrivehimoutorhavehimkilled.Disciple=student/believer,Afterfurtherwanderings,heeventuallyreturnedtoLuatage67.Althoughhewaswelcomedthereandchosetoremain,hewasnotofferedpublicofficeagain,nordidheseekit.Insteadhespenttherestofhisyearsteachingand,finally,writing.Hediedat72.,ConfuciusThoughts,Humaneness,Etiquette,Wisdom,filialpiety,Loyalty,Trust,Justice,FromTheAnalects(论语),wefindConfuciuscentralbeliefisthatofthevirtueofren.Renisrenderedashumaneness.ThesimplestexplanationConfuciusgavetohisdisciplesforthistermwas“Toloveothers.”Virtue=goodqualityorwayofbehaving.,ConfuciusSayings,Theywhoknowthetrutharenotequaltothosewholoveit,andtheywholoveitarenotequaltothosewhodelightinit.知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。Hewasofanactivenatureandyetfondoflearning,andhewasnotashamedtoaskandlearnofhisinferiors.敏而好学，不耻下问。Nottomendthefaultonehasmadeistoerrindeed.过而不改，是谓过矣。Thewisefindpleasureinwater;thevirtuousfindpleasureinhills.Thewiseareactive;thevirtu