2018版高考英语复习Unit2Cloning课时作业新人教版选修8.docx

Unit 2 Cloning.阅读理解2017河北邯郸高三一模Chinese people are almost twice as optimistic about the world as those from other countries，while the British are the fifth most pessimistic(悲观的)，according to a recent survey.YouGov surveyed more than 18,000 people in 17 countries，and found that 41 percent of Internet users in China say the world is getting better.The countrys sunny attitude is nearly double the next most optimistic country，Indonesia，with 23 percent and four times the global average of 10 percent.While its said in most places the chances of getting killed by another human，life expectancy，poverty，and the rule of law have all improved significantly over the past 200 years,65 percent of adults in Britain disagree.An analysis of more than 10,000 British people last year found that believing the world is getting better depends significantly on being young，educated and middle class.When it comes to GDP per capita(人均国内生产总值)and optimism about the world，research shows there seems to be little relationship.The United States has more than 31 percent more GDP per capita than the United Kingdom.However，the two countries are equally pessimistic，with 65 percent of the surveyed saying the world is getting worse.Meanwhile，Australia，which is the second most pessimistic country only next to France，has almost 20 times more wealth per person than the second most optimistic，Indonesia.Only three percent of the surveyed in Australia believe things are looking up.Research suggests the huge gap between China and the rest of the world when it comes to the fate of the planet shows something special.The countrys pure rate of growth，a prioritization (优先)of health and quality of food are all contributing factors to this belief in a bright future.1According to the survey，the global average of optimistic people is_.A10 percentB23 percentC41 percent D65 percent2Who tend to hold bright attitudes to the world in Britain?AThe old. BThe poor.CThe rich. DThe educated.3What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?AWealth does not necessarily mean optimism.BEconomic growth has nothing to do with optimism.CEconomic decline is a result of pessimistic attitudes.DPeople in developed countries are more optimistic.4Which might be the reason for Chinese optimism?AChina is a developing country.BChinese people are the healthiest.CChinese population grows rapidly.DChina puts peoples wellbeing first.答案：解题导语YouGov的一项调查显示，在17个参与调查的国家中，中国人的乐观指数最高。1A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句.four times the global average of 10 percent.可知，调查显示，全球乐观指数平均值为10%。故选A项。2D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句An analysis of more than 10,000 British people last year found that believing the world is getting better depends significantly on being young，educated and middle class.可知，英国的年轻人、受过教育的人以及中产阶级持有较积极的态度。故选D项。3A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句When it comes to GDP per capita and optimism about the world，research shows there seems to be little relationship.可知，人均国内生产总值似乎和乐观态度关系不大，而人均国内生产总值代表着财富，也就是说，财富与乐观态度没有必然联系，即财富并不一定代表态度乐观。故选A项。4D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后一句The countrys pure rate of growth，a prioritization(优先) of health and quality of food are all contributing factors to this belief in a bright future.可知，中国经济的快速增长、优先考虑健康状况和食品安全等都是中国人乐观积极的原因。故选D项。.阅读填空2017陕西宝鸡高三检测When we think of the word “positive”，most of us probably think of “happy”_1_ There are many ways to be more positive in your life，even when youre experiencing sadness，anger or challenges._2_ Accept the things about yourself that you cant change.Accept yourself for who you are right now，just as you are.You can then feel free to develop that self into the most positive self you can be!Make goals.Goals give us a more positive outlook on life.Research has shown that setting a goal can make you feel immediately more confident and hopeful，even if you dont achieve the goal right away._3_Use your body.Your body and your mind are intimately connected.Smile.Research suggests that when you smilewhether you “feel” happy or notyour brain elevates your mood.What you wear also has an impact on how you think and perform._4_ Find clothes that make you feel good about yourself and wear them，no matter what society tries to say about it.Get some exercise.When you exercise，your body releases powerful endorphins，the bodys natural “feelgood” chemicals._5_ Studies have also shown that regular，moderate exercise increases your feelings of calmness and wellbeing.A.Happiness is the only true measure of personal success.BAccept what you are.CHowever，happiness isnt the only type of positivity.DSetting goals that are personally meaningful to you.EDress in a way that delights yourself.FThe color you wear could affect how you feel.GExercise can help fight feelings of anxiety and depression.答案：解题导语积极乐观并不等同于快乐，生活中有许多方法可以让你有积极乐观的心态，即使你感到悲痛、愤怒或者面临挑战，依然可以乐观面对。1C解析：上文提到，一说到积极乐观就会想起快乐，而下文则说明即使感到悲伤、愤怒或面临挑战也可以有积极乐观的心态，上下文有转折。C项(但是，快乐不是积极乐观的唯一方式。)符合语境。故选C项。2B解析：设空处为段落主题句。根据设空后的Accept the things about yourself. Accept yourself for who you are right now.可知，本段强调“要接受自己”，故选B项。3D解析：本段主题是“设定目标”。设空前提到设定目标可以给自己一个更积极的生活态度、使你更有信心等，因此D项“设定对你自己有意义的目标。”符合语境。4E解析：本段主题是“利用你的身体”。设空前提到你的穿着影响你的想法和表现，E项(穿上让你开心的衣服。)与此相符。故选E项。5G解析：本段主题是“参加锻炼”。设空后提到，有研究表明有规律且适度的锻炼能够让人感到平静和幸福。由此可知，设空处应该是指锻炼的好处。G项(锻炼能够帮助抵抗焦虑感和抑郁感。)符合语境。.语法填空Two years ago，Boyan Slat，a then 19yearold university student in Holland，made the claim that he 1._clean up the oceans vast accumulation of plastics in about five years.2_a scuba diving holiday in Greece，Boyan Salt，aged 16，found there were 3._(many) plastic bags than fish in the sea.He started seeking for a solution to ocean plastic 4._(pollute)In 2012，he decided to make his intentions public.It sounded like a pipedream to many when Slat first described his idea，but he felt it was so simple and it just might work.Slat came up with 5._ he called a floating “Ocean Cleanup Array.”Instead of going after the plastics，he designed an array(阵列) of long floating barriers to let the ocean currents concentrate the plastic 6._(it)The system of floating barriers is over a mile long.The system had its first proofofconcept test，which 7._(perform) in the Azores Island.After proving the feasibility (可行性) of the array in doing what it was supposed to do，the real evaluation of the array will take place in the second quarter of 2016，in a twoyear pilot project in realworld conditions off the coast of Tsushima，an island 8._(lie) between Japan and South Korea.This pilot project is worth watching to see if it 9._(work)And if it does work as 10._(expect)，we have something even bigger to look forward to.答案：解题导语本文介绍了一位大学生关心海洋环境，并决定要清理白色污染的事迹，他想出来的漂浮的“海洋清理阵列”方法如果奏效，将会对海洋保护起到很大的作用。1would/could解析：考查情态动词。句意：两年前，在荷兰当时是一位19岁大学生的博扬斯拉声称，他将/能在五年中清理掉海洋里大量堆积的塑料袋。本句是说博扬斯拉的计划，根据主句中的made可知，此处应用过去将来时，故填would；同时根据句意也可以是他相信自己能够做到，故也可填could。2During解析：考查介词。句意：博扬斯拉16岁时在希腊斯库巴潜泳度假期间，发现海洋里的塑料袋比鱼还要多。根据句意可知，此处指他在希腊度假期间，故填During，意为“在期间”。3more解析：考查比较等级。句意见上一题解析。根据句意及than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填more。4pollution/pollutants解析：考查词性转换。句意：他开始寻找一种解决方法来处理海洋塑料污染(物)问题。设空前有形容词plastic修饰，且根据上文描述可知，此处指“塑料污染”或“塑料污染物”，故用名词pollution“污染”或pollutants“污染物”。5what解析：考查宾语从句。句意：斯拉想出一个他称之为漂浮的“海洋清理阵列”的主意。come up with意为“想出；提出”，后面跟的是宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，结合句意可知填what。6itself解析：考查代词。句意：他设计出一种长漂浮物的阵列，目的是让洋流自己把塑料集中起来。此处的代词应该指代前面的the plastic自身，故填反身代词itself作同位语。7was performed解析：考查动词的时态和语态。本句描述的是已经发生过的事情，应用一般过去时；which引导非限制性定语从句；先行词为前面的test，和动词perform之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was performed。8lying解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语修饰island，它和动词lie之间是主动关系，故填现在分