北师大版小学英语单词汇总语法及习题汇总.doc

小学英语北师大版词汇分类汇总Questions疑问词: what什么、who谁、whose谁的、where在哪里、 which哪一个、 why为什么、 when什么时候、 how怎样、 how old多大、how many多少、how much多少钱、what class哪个班、 what grade哪个年级、 what row哪排、what colour什么颜色、what day星期几 Persons人称: I我， you你 ， he他， she她 ， it它， we我们， they他们， my我的 ， your你的；你们的， his他的， her她的， its它的 ， our我们的， their 他们Be动词：am 、is、are was were有：has、have、there is(are) has got have got Colors颜色: blue蓝、yellow黄、red红、green绿、brown棕、purple紫、orange橙、pink粉、black黑white白 gray灰Animals动物: animal bird、 cat dog、duck、 fish、 horse、monkey、 panda、sheep、tiger pig fish ant、frog mouse、 lion、 rabbit、 fox goat、 snake、 cow、 bear、bee、giraffe、 turtle、 butterfly、 deer、 zebra、 whale.、 rat、 rooster、 shark、 kangaroo、 crocodile、 elephantNumbers数字:基数词： one、 two、 three、 four、 five、 six、 seven、 eight、 nine、 ten、 eleven、 twelve、thirteen、 fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、 seventeen、 eighteen、nineteen、 twenty、 thirty、 forty、 fifty、 sixty、 seventy、 eighty、 ninety、 forty-five、one hundred 序数词： first、 second、 third、 fourth、 fifth、 sixth, seventh、eighth、 ninth、tenthClothes服装: clothes coat、 ap dress、 pants shirt、 T-shirt、 sweater、 socks、 shoes、shorts jacket、 skirt、 jeans、vest、 trousers、 hat、 Food and drink饮食: cake、 chicken、 candy egg、 food ice cream juice milk、 noodles rice、 soup、 tea、 water、 bar、 corn cookies French fries、honey、 hamburger、 hot dog、 jam、 pizza、 pie、sandwich、salad、Fruit水果: apple、 banana, juice pear、 peach orange watermelon、 lemon、 pineapple、grape、strawberry、cherryFamily members家庭成员: grandfather、grandmother、father、mother、brother、sister、aunt、uncle、friend parents、 cousin、 dad(daddy) daughter、son、Actions动作: am/ iswas 、arewere ask begin bring(brought) buy call clean climb close come (came ) cook cry dance do ( did ) draw ( drew ) drink ( drank ) eat find( found ) fly ( flew ) get ( got ) give ( gave ) go ( went ) feel ( felt ) hurt know ( knew ) look love let like listen live help hear ( heard ) have ( had ) hurt make (made ) meet (met ) open please play put read rain ride (rode ) run(ran) study sit (sat) sing(sang) say(said) sleep(slept) speak(spoke) snow stand stop study swim ( swam ) talk tell (told) take(took) travel try turn think(thought) use visit work write worry wear (wore) walk want watch wash wait spend (spent) show litter、 happen leave ( left) touch move keep ( kept ) welcome、 cough learn ( learnt ) stay knock、 hurt lose ( lost ) pass catch、carry、skate teach( taught) collect paint sell(sold) close hit-hit 、 sitsatSubjects科目: subject Chinese、math、music、P.E.、English、art、science Places and rooms地点与房间: place bed house、 classroom bedroom、 home house kitchen room school museum hospital park、 shop library toilet、supermarket、cinema lake farm playground river bathroom washroom、living room study theater、 train station、 bus stop、 post office、 police station、 swimming pool、 bank、 town、 zoo、 fire station、amusement park、 restaurant、 playground、store、office、gate、road、flower、building School things学校物品: blackboard chair computer desk、 pen、 pencil、 bag、 book eraser、 ruler、 map sharpener、 ink、 page、Weather天气:weather fine、sunny、cloudy、rainy、snowy、windy、cloud、rain、snow、wind、hot 、cold、 warm 、cool、stormForbidden禁止: Dont walk.、Dont litter.、Dont run.、Dont touch.、 No swimming.、 No parking.、No food.、No smoking.、No cameras.、 No bikes.、 Body身体: eye,ear,head,hand,heart,hair,nose,mouth,arm,leg,foot,face stomach tongue chest shoulder fingerVegetables蔬菜: vegetable potato、tomato、 eggplant、carrot、cabbage、bean、onion、cucumber、mushroom、Adjectives形容词: bad beautiful big busy cheap cold clever dear difficult dirty easy every far fast great favorite good healthy knd hungry happy hot heavy high ill interesting long left little many new near nice next old right、 sad slow strong short thin tall warm wonderful wrong young fat funny、 fun large strong、 kind、 thirsty、 smart、 quiet、 sweet、 sour、 fresh、 height 、 weight、 afraid、 sick、 hungry、 cheap expensive、 large、 medium、 early、 hurry、 broken、 hurt、better、bestshortshortershortest、longlongerlongest、smallsmallersmallest、bigbiggerbiggest、talltallertallest、oldolderoldest、youngyoungeryoungest 、fatfatterfattest 星期：Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、 Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunday、 时间：day、week、month、year、date weekend、night、last night、often now always、usually、never、January、February、March、April、May、June、July、August、September、October、November、December、birthday、holiday、a.m、p.m morning、afternoon、evening sometimes yesterday、today、tomorrow、now、 四季：season、spring、summer、autumn、 winter、 三餐：breakfast、 lunch、dinner space太空: sky、air 、sun、 moon、 star earth、mars、planet、spaceship、 space suit 、 astronaut、Toys玩具: balloon、 doll、 gift、 teddy bear、toy train、robotFurniture家具: bed、table、chair、radio、 fan sofa、 television light Balls球类: football、basketball、baseball、volleyball、tennisTransportation交通工具: bike、 bus、 boat car、 plane、 ship taxi、 train、 jeep、 boat、 vanOther things其他东西: book boy box city class clock child (children) door、 e-mail exercise flower friend floor girl grass game holiday kite time woman money people sport story picture party photo pupil week weekend word man (men) minute student toy tree street month wall window CD、kite、key、lock、magazine、newspaper、comic、watch、umbrella、 purse、violin、waterfall、x-ray、queen、net、nest、cent、ticket、picture、ladder、fire、hammer、camera、 glassesCountries国家: China. American、 Britain、 Canada、 Japan. England. Profession职业: doctor、driver、farmer、nurse、singer、teacher、student、worker、policeman、 vet、 dancer、 Preposition介词: on、in、under、next to、behind、in front of、between、near、with、beside down at、by(乘交通工具)、after、into、 right、left、far away Pronouns代词： this、 that、 those、 these身体部位：head、hand、hair、ear、eye、nose、mouth、arm、短语必背（能够看懂短语知道意思和相应的图片搭配）carry the box climb the tree climb the mountain clean the floor clean the house close the door collect stamps do homework have/eat breakfast draw pictures eat lunch eat dinner fly a kite go shopping go swimming go fishing go home go to work go to school go to a concert go to the library go to bed go to the science museum get up have a party have English have a picnic have a concert have class have a football match listen to music listen to radio make noise make a cake read a book ride a bike ride horse read newspapers see a movie turn down turn off turn left turn right play football play basketball play tennis play badminton play volleyball play chess play the piano play the guitar play the drums play the violin play the flute play with friends play cards play computer games sit down see a movie(film) see a doctor skip rope visit friends watch TV take some photos(pictures) turn right turn left take the medicine watch a football match write a letter walk to school water the flowers wash clothes wash dishes a bottle of a pair of a cup of a glass of a bowl of 小学英语语法及习题一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she goingto bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow全身心记忆法 根据测试，参与记忆单词的器官和身体部位越多，单词在大脑中的印象就越深刻，记忆的时间也就越长。边读边写边记，除读记所使用的发音器官和身体的其它部位外，大脑中枢还要指挥大臂带动小臂，小臂带动手掌，手掌带动手指，从而正确地书写单词。这种方法避免了小和尚念经，因为只要注意力不集中，书写马上就出错。书写既是大脑中枢的执行行为，又是大脑中枢的监察器。 联系记忆法 联系记忆法就是在记忆单词的过程中，不去孤立地记一个词或词组，而是把它与同义词、反义词、相关词、句、篇等联系起来记忆。 同义记忆与近义记忆 掌握一个词或词组的同义词和近义词或者其解释是掌握该语言重要的一环。只有这样，才能初步做到用英语进行思维，而用英语思维是掌握英语的一个标志。 同类记忆与比较记忆 同类记忆的涵盖面很广，如词性同类、动物同类、植物同类、事情同类、物品同类等。如我们可以把边际从属连词放在一起记忆。比较记忆是把词形相近或意义相近的词放在一起对比记忆。这样记忆可以辨别词义，准确使用词汇。 联想记忆 联想是钓钩，在茫茫的艺海中，它能准确地钩住你所识记的事物。联想越丰富，越多彩，记忆的艺术也就越高超。记忆以联想为基础；联想又是记忆的一种方法。联想又分为类似联想、类别联想和词、句、篇联想。 无意识记忆法 无意识记忆并不是无注意力记忆，而是时间分散记忆。这种方法特别适合于工作忙碌的人。首先准备一个袖珍笔记本，将要记忆的单词写在笔记本上。只要有时间就拿出来读读。这些单词见多了对你就会产生感情，你一定能记住，因为每读记一遍，就在你的大脑中加深一层印象。这样记忆的单词可长久不忘，并能随时想起，是一种很好的长时记忆法。 构词记忆法 利用英语词汇的构词规律，内在结构记忆单词是一种理性地使自己词汇量膨胀起来的方法。英语单词是由词素构成的，词素分为自由词素和粘附词素。记忆单词主要是记自由词素，因为有些自由词素可以充当词根，词根加词缀构成许多派生词。构词法主要有三种：转化、合成和派生。小学英语语法练习题 一选择适当的人称代词填空。1._ (He/I) is my father. 2. _ (She/They) are Toms grandparents.3. _ (We/I) am Jims new friend. 4. Look at that white dog. _ (They/It) is my brothers.5. Where are _ (you/he from? 6. Do you like collecting stamps? Yes, _ (you/we) do.7. _ (He/I) am a student at Heyang Primary School.8. _ (You/They) are my brothers English teacher.二、用人称代词的主格和宾格填空。1.Dont pass it to _ (他). 2. _ (她) is watching a running race.3. Would you like to go with _(我们). 4. Do you want to join _(我).5. Tomorrow is my fathers birthday. This prese