八年级英语下册 Unit 7 International Charities grammar课件1 （新版）牛津版.ppt

Unit7Internationalcharities,PassiveVoice,n.传单,散页印刷品,handouttheleaflets,分发,提出,1.About80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedandcured.2.Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcenter.3.Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.4.150patientsareoperatedon.,把句子翻译成中文,被动语态,WecalltheboyTom.,TheboyiscalledTom.,Activevoice主动语态,Passivevoice被动语态,ThelightswereturnedoffbyTom.Thewindowsarecleanedeveryweek.Millieclosedthedoor.TheTVwasturnedon.Theboymadeamodelplane.Atotal(总数)of8questionswereanswered.,or,Active,Passive,Passive,Passive,Active,Passive,Active,Passive,语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.我们每天都打扫教室。Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。,被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时,ThecakewaseatenbyDaniel.2.Nancyboughtabookyesterday.3.ThelittledogislookedafterverywellbySimon.4.HeisreadingEnglish.5.Thecomputerisboughtbymyuncle.6.Iamwokenupbymyfathereverymorning.,Underlinethepassivevoiceinthefollowingsentences.,Noneofthebookswastakenaway.,没有一本书被拿走。,动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。,被动语态的基本用法,Thetoyisdesignedforchildren.,在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。,这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。,需要强调动作的承受者时。,Mybikewasrepaired.,我的自行车修好了。,Theproblemwastalkedaboutjustnow.,出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。,这个问题刚才被讨论过。,MrWuislikedbyallofhisstudents.,所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。,在被动语态的句子中,如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,可以由by引出。,有些动词常用于被动语态。如：HewasborninNanjing.他生于南京。ThemobilephonewasmadeinChina.这部手机是中国制造的。,注意:,1.TodayEnglish_alloverChina.A.teachB.teachesC.istaughtD.aretaught2.Themeeting_twoweeksago.A.holdB.washeldC.wereheldD.isheld3.Thethief_bythepolicelastnight.A.caughtB.iscaughtC.wascaughtD.werecaught,4.Thephotos_whenIwasyoung.A.weretakenB.wastakenC.aretakenD.istaken5.Millieismybestfriend.I_often_toherparty.A.isinvitedB.aminvitedC.areinvitedD.wasinvited6.LastyearBeijing_byabigsandstorm.A.ishitB.werehitC.willbehitD.washit,用动词的被动语态填空:English_(speak)bymanypeople.Thetrees_(plant)bythemlastyear.Thatbuilding_(build)twoyearsago.Thiskindofcomputer_(make)inChina.Thegames_(sell)inmanyshops.,isspoken,wereplanted,wasbuilt,wasmade,aresold,用所给动词的被动语态填空:1)yourroom_(clean)everyday?2)Ourclassroom_(notclean)yesterday.3)Bothofthetwobooks_(lose)lastSunday.4)Thestudents_(ask)tohandintheirhomeworkontimeeveryday.5)-Whenthiskindofcomputer(make)inHongKong?-In2000.,Iscleaned,wasntcleaned,werelost,areasked,was,made,抓关键词确定时态!,areplannedtohelpthepoor,Whattheydoeveryyear,1.Charityactivities_(plan/tohelpthepoor).,arehandedouttopeople,Leaflets_(handout/topeopleinthestreet/volunteers).,inthestreetbyvolunteers,ToysandCDs_(sell/toraisemoney).,aresoldtoraisemoney,Whattheydidlastweek,Newbooks_(send/tochildreninpoorareas/theClass1,Grade8students).,weresenttochildreninpoor,areasbytheClass1,Grade8students,Warmclothes_(collect/forpoorpeople).,werecollectedforpoorpeople,Acharityshow_(hold/theStudentsUnion).,washeldbytheStudentsUnion,AmyandDanielaretalkingaboutcharities.Completetheirconversationwiththewordsinbracketsusingthepassivevoice.,Amy:ImreadingabookaboutOxfam.Daniel:Really?Pleasetellmeaboutit.,Amy:OK.Oxfam_(setup)intheUKin1942,andthefirstOxfamshop_(open)in1948.Nowithasabout15,000shopsinallovertheworld.Alotofthings_(sell)inOxfamshops,includingbooks.Themoney_(use)byOxfamtohelppoorpeople.,wassetup,wasopened,aresold,isused,Daniel:Thatsgood.TherearealsosomecharityprojectsinChina.Oneofthem_(call)ProjectHope.It_(start)in1989.Withitshelp,millionsofpoorchildrenalloverthecountry_(give)basiceducation.,iscalled,wasstarted,weregiven,Amy:Yea.Manyschools_(build)inpoorareaseachyear.,arebuilt,TreePlantingDay,onMarch12th,Weplanttrees.,Trees,areplanted,byus.,主动语态和被动语态的句式转换,1.Sheheldacharityshowyesterday.,Studentsandteachersplantmanytresseveryyear.,Acharityshowwasheldbyher.,2.Manytreesareplantedbystudentsandteacherseveryyear.,3.Iboughtacomputerlastweek.Acomputerwasboughtbymelastweek.4.ThewholecakewaseatenbyEddieyesterday.Eddieatethewholecakeyesterday.,AttentionI.感官动词，使役动词,help不定式前添加to,a.感官动词see,hear,etcb.使役动词let,make,etcc.helphelpsb(to)do,sbbeseen/heardtodosth,sbbelet/madetodosth,sbbehelpedtodosth,Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Ioftenhearhersingintheroom.Wesawsomeboysplayingfootball.,Theworkersweremadetoworkallday.,Sheisoftenheardtosingintheroom.,Someboyswereseenplayingfootball.,II.双宾语结构主语为物，添加to/for,HeteachesusEnglish.主语谓语间宾直宾注意：常把间接宾语(即sb)变为主语。WearetaughtEnglish(byhim).若把直接宾语(即sth.)变为被动句的主语时，常在保留宾语前加to或for。Englishistaughttous(byhim).,V.不能用被动的情况,vi.无被动happen,cost,die,begin/start(开始),finish(结束),rise,appear2.linkv.联系动词无被动3.sellwell,growwell,writewell4.takeplace,breakdown,comeout.,IV.短语动词要完整,Theboy_.(常受到嘲笑)Thechildren_.(应该得到良好的照顾),isoftenlaughedat,shouldbelookedafterwell,1.Atrafficaccident_(happen)yesterday.2.Mywatch_(breakdown)severaltimessofar.3.Whattime_themeeting_(begin)?4.It_(cost)100yuan.5.Watertheflowersoon,orit_(die).,happened,hasbrokendown,will,begin,costs,willdie,Thecakes_(eat)justnow.Thephoto_(take)bymymotherlastweekend.We_(teach)ChinesebyMissHanthisterm.Thecat_(feed)byhimbeforeheleft.Thelibrary_(set)uplastyear.,wereeaten,wastaken,aretaught,wasfed,wasset,Theyusetheplaneasatrainingcenter.Theteachersletuscometoschoolontimeeveryday.Ourgovernmentbuiltthebridgelastyear.,Theplaneisusedasatrainingcenterbythem.,Wearelettocometoschoolbytheteachersontimeeveryday.,Thebridgewasbuiltbyourgovernmentlastyear.,他的眼睛几个月前被治愈了。每年在山上种许多树。许多人被邀请参加这次慈善活动。需要更多的钱来支持这项工作。在他们的帮助下，这家公司于上周成立了。,Hiseyeswe