虚拟条件句及练习.doc

_虚拟条件句 虚拟语气表示主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况，需掌握的内容主要有虚拟条件句中be动词的形式，虚拟语气用在表示要求、建议、命令等名词从句中，谓语动词的结构及虚拟语气用在wish后面的宾语从句中等。1 表示现在情况的虚拟条件句虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中表示与现在事实不相符的假设，动词的形式如下： 条件从句的谓语主句谓语一般过去时的形式would(should，could，might)+ 动词原形If I won a million dollars, Id give it to charities.如果我赢了100万美元，我要把它捐给慈善机构。If you didnt stay up till late every evening, you wouldnt feel so sleepy in the morning. 如果你不是每晚熬夜，你早上不会这么困。【提示】在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be，一般要用were，特别是在较正式的文体中。If I were you, I would give him a good lesson. 如果我是你，我会好好教训他一顿。If she were trying harder, her parents would not be anxious.如果她再努力写，她的父母就不用那么忧虑了。【练】It is a pity she isnt here. If she _ here, I would be happier.A was B is C were D will be 2 表示将来情况的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句用在非真实条件句中表达与将来事实不相符的假设，动词形式如下：条件从句的谓语主句谓语should + 动词原形were to + 动词原形would(should，could，might)+ 动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, what would you do?假如明天下雨，你怎么办？If they were to hear you talking, they would think you were a teacher.如果他们听到你讲话，他们会认为你是一名老师。【练】If I _ him tonight, I _ _ with you.A should see; would go B saw; would go C see; should go D saw; will go3 表示过去情况的虚拟条件句虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中表达与过去事实不相符的假设，谓语动词形式如下：条件从句的谓语主句谓语had + 过去分词would(should，could，might)+ have + 过去分词If they had left earlier, they wouldnt have missed the plane.如果他们早点动身，他们就不会错过班机了。If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you.如果我昨天知道你的电话号码，我就会给你打电话了。【练】If he _ him yesterday, he would have gone to the beach.A has net B was met C had met D meeting【疑点难点突破】1 在书面语中，如果条件句的谓语有were，had或should等词，可以将if省略，但要把were，had或should放在句首来表示虚拟语气，在意义上与带有if的条件从句相同。Were she in charge ( = If she were in charge), she would do things differently.如果是她负责，她会有另一种做法。Should I be free tomorrow(= If I should be free tomorrow), I would come.如果我明天有空，我就会来。2 wish 后宾语从句a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 eg. I wish I had your brains. 我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你) b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done eg:.I wish I had knownthe truth of the matter. 我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。（事实：那时还不知道） c、表示将来难以实现的愿望 谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形eg. I wish I should havea chance again. 我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了） (注：if only和as if/as though也有相同用法）3 用“should + 动词原形”或只用动词原形的that从句，作为suggest，propose，require等动词的宾语。He suggested that we should leave early. 他建议我们早点动身。They require that I go at once. 他们要求我立刻走。虚拟条件句专项练习一 单项选择1 If I _ you, I _ join the English club. A was; would B were; would C am; would D am; will2 If it _ tomorrow we will have a picnic. A not rain B wont rain C doesnt rain D didnt rain 3 If you were more friendly to people, you would _ friends. A to have more B have more C has less D to has less4 If I _ with her last summer, I _ with her now. A worked; am getting on very well B had worked; would get on very well C had worked; would have got on very well D had worked; will get on very well5 I wish I _ my uncle yesterday. A met B have met C would met D had met6 If I _ that she was ill. I would have gone to see her. A knew B know C have known D had known7 I would help you if I _, but I am afraid its beyond my ability. A am able B can C had been able D could8 If I had wings, I _ to the moon. A would have flown B would fly C can fly D fly9 If you _ to see Mary, what would you tell her? A are B will going C must D were10 If what you said was true, what I heard about you _ fault. A is B was C would be D will be 二 用所给动词的适当形式填空1 If they _ (telephone) me, I will let you know.2 If I _ (speak) French well, I would take a trip to France.3 If today _ (be) Sunday, I would have to work.4 If he _ (wait) a little longer, he could have seen her.5 What _ you _ (do) if you _ (win) that match?三 用虚拟语气完成下列句子1 如果我是你，我就不会那样回答问题。 If I _ you, I _ _ _ the question like that.2 如果他有许可证，就可以找到一份工作。 If he _ a permit, he _ _ a job.3 如果没有空气和水，地球上就不会存在生物。 If _ _ no air or water, there _ _ no