海洋文化英语翻译.ppt

Westernoceanicculture,2,Asweallknowthatthecultureincludesmanytingssuchashabits,languages，literaryworksandsoon.NowIwanttointroducesomethingabouttheeffectsofWesternoceaniccultureonsomeofthem.,3,4,5,1.Astheyviewedvideotapesandphotographsofthesunkenleviathan,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldcouldsensehermass,hereeriequietandtheruinedsplendorofalostage.当世界上千百万人观看这艘沉没巨轮的录象和照片时，他们都会感觉到它的巨大、它的沉寂以及它昔日的辉煌。试设想，若离开语境，也不知“泰坦尼克”号及其沉没事件的海洋历史，上述译文将从何而来呢？,7,8,9,10,tofindhowthewindblows(看风向)totrimonessailtothewind(见风使舵)tolookoutforsqualls(提防危险)toraisethewind(筹款)tosailbeforethewind(顺风行驶)tosailagainstthewind(逆风行驶)tosailclosetothewind(几乎顶风航行),12,13,14,15,Fish作为海洋生态文化中出现频率最高的词语，常通过隐喻被转为其他语义。Forexample：acoldfish(冷漠的人)aloosefish(放荡不羁的家伙)apoorfish(愚蠢而又可怜的家伙)aqueerfish(古怪的家伙)ashyfish(害羞的人)可见一个英语生物词语一旦被隐喻化，它造成认知和翻译障碍的可能性就成倍增加。,由fish参与构成的动词性成语或句子亦很多，如：tobelikeafishoutofwater(处于逆境)，tocrystinkingfish(自揭家丑)，todrinklikeafish(牛饮)，tofeedthefishes(晕船)，tothrowasprattocatchawhale(四两拨千斤)。Neverfryafishtillitscaught.(别操之过急)。Ifyouswearyouwillcatchnofish.(发誓赌咒，与事无补)。Itisasillyfishthatiscaughttwicewiththesamebait.(聪明人不上两回当)。Thegreatfisheatupthesmall.(弱肉强食)。Thebestfishsmellwhentheyarethreedaysold.(久住遭人嫌)。Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.(好鱼常在水底游)。Ventureasmallfishtocatchagreatone.(欲取之，须予之)等。,西方人也常用其他生物名称作比喻并构成成语或谚语。如：mosquitoboat(鱼雷快艇),babyflattop(护卫航空母舰)，oldwhale(老水手)，awhaleofadifference(天壤之别)，thebigsharks(垄断资本家)，asharkatbridge(桥牌高手)，tosharkupmoney(骗取钱财)等。英国著名诗人雪莱在OdetotheWestWind（西风颂）里赞颂西风是：“thoubreathofAutumnsbeing”,“drivemydeadthoughts,toquickenanewbirth”,“Thetrumpetofaprophecy!Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehi