现在完成时和过去完成时.ppt

现在完成时,ThePresentPerfectTense,主语+have/has+done,Shehasfinishedherhomework.Shehasnotfinishedherhomework.Hasshefinishedherhomework?Whathasshedone?,肯定句,否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,主语+have/has+not+done,Have/Has+主语+done?,特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+done?,动词的过去分词的变化规则,1.规则变化(1)一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed。如：worked,played,wanted,acted,(2)以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加d。如：lived,moved,decided,hoped,judged,raised,(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed。如：studied,tried,copied,cried,carried,(4)重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped,begged,dragged,dropped,planned,2.不规则变化原形过去式过去分词,becomebeginbreakbringbuybuildcatchcomegoget,becamebeganbrokebroughtboughtbuiltcaughtcamewentgot,becomebegunbrokenbroughtboughtbuiltcaughtcomegonegot,gotten,3.现在完成时可以与already,ever,recently,never,yet,foralongtime,lately,just,since过去的时间点/一般过去时,in/duringthepast/lastfewyears等状语连用。,1.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.Hehasntcleanedtheroomyet.3.ShehaslivedinChinasince2008.4.WehavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.5.Theyhaventseeneachotherforalongtime.6.Inthelast10years,thepriceofhousehasincreased.,TranslateandSummarize,1.概念:表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示从过去某一时间开始并一直延续到现在的动作或状态。2.构成:助动词have/has动词的过去分词。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.HehaslivedinChinasince2008.,现在完成时,sb+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+for+一段时间IhavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.Hehashadthebikefor2years.sb+have/has+done+since+过去时间点/一般过去时MrGreenhaslivedinChinasince2008/sincehegotmarried.衔接教材149页练习用for或since填空。,现在完成时的特殊提示词,in/duringthelast/pastfewyears在过去几年Inthepast10years,thepriceofhousehasincreasedalot.sofar迄今为止，到目前为止Sofar,Ihaveread10Englishnovels.,1.我已经完成我的家庭作业了。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.他曾经去过北京吗？HasheeverbeentoBeijing?3.他从未去过北京。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.4.我刚完成我的家庭作业。Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.,4.havebeento，havegoneto的用法区别：havebeento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在该地。havegoneto则表示“已经去某地了”，说话时不在说话地点，或在去某地的途中，或已到了某地，总之现在还未回来。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去过上海。(他已不在上海了。)HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。(他可能在去上海的路上，或已到上海，现在不在这里。),衔接教材143页练习用havebeento和havegoneto填空。,6.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：Ihaveseenthefilm.我看过这部电影。(我了解这部电影的内容。)Isawthefilmlastweek.我上星期看了这部电影。(只说明看了这部电影，不涉及现在的情况。)Hehaslivedheresince1998.1998年以来他一直住在这里。(他现在还住在这里。)Helivedherein1998.1998年他住在这里。(不涉及现在他是否还住在这里。),1.I_(finish)cleaningmybedroom.Itscleannow.2.Hello!CanIspeaktoMr.White?Sorry,heisnthererightnow.He_(go)toLondon.3.Mybrotherleftschoolin2005,andsincethenhe_(live)inBeijing.4.Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?Well,we_(decide)yet.5.Joe，myclosefriend，movedtoBeijingyearsago，andI_(notsee)himsincethen.,Practice,havefinished,hasgone,haslived,haventdecided,haventseen,6.Thegovernment_(take)actiontopreventairpollutionalready.7.TheSummerPalaceiswonderful.Haveyouevervisitedanyotherinterestingplaces?Yes.Also,we_(be)totheGreatWall.8.Howlonghaveyou_(had,bought)themotorbike?Forabouttwoweeks.9.Mom,I_(finish)myhomework.CanIwatchTVnow?,hastaken,had,havebeen,havefinished,Homework,1.我曾经去过成都。IhavebeentoChengdu.2.他已经读了10本英文书。Hehasalreadyread10Englishbooks.3.她还没完成她的作业。Shehasntfinishedherhomeworkyet.4.我们学英语超过三年了。WehavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.5.自从他来到中国，他已经游览了许多中国的城市。SincehecametoChina,hehasvisitedmanyChinesecities.,过去完成时ThePastPerfectTense,1.BeforeIwenttobed,Ihadfinishedmyhomework.2.AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.3.IrealizedthatIhadleftmykeyinmyoffice.4.WhenIgottothebusstop,thebushadleft.5.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.,Translateandsummarize,过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，由“助动词had过去分词”构成。表示过去某个时间可用by,before等构成的短语，也可用when,before,bythetime等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示。IhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwenttobed.我在睡觉前完成了我的家庭作业。BythetimeIgottothebusstop,thebushadleft.当我到达公交站台时，公交车已经离开了。,过去完成时,1.by+过去时间“到时为止”Byyesterday,theyhadntfinishedthework.2.bytheendof+过去时间“在结束/末之前”Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadlearnedover2thousandwords.3.bythetime+一般过去时“到时”=whenBythetimeIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.,过去完成时的特殊提示词,过去完成时与when,before,after等引导的时间状语从句连用，强调动作发生的先后时间。Whenshegothome,hersonhadslept.Beforehearrivedhere,thefilmhadalreadystarted.AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.,过去完成时常用于宾语从句中Hesaidthathehadfinishedhiswork.IrealizedthatIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.体现在上下文中IdidntgotothemoviebecauseIhadseenittwice.ImetTominthestreetyesterday.Wehadntseeneachotherfortwoyears.,Practice,1.IwenttoTomshousebuthe(go)out.2.WhenI(arrive)atthestation,Jim(wait)forhalfanhour.3.Afterhe(finish)hiswork,hewenthome.4.Theboyranawayafterhe(break)thewindow.5.Bythetimeshearrivedhome,hertwochildren(sleep).,hadgone,arrived,hadwaited,hadfinished,hadbroken,hadslept,1.Thefi