虚拟语气15种句型.ppt

SubjunctiveMood,含义,动词形式,与事实相反,If从句,过去,现在,将来,主句,did/were,had+done,did/were,wereto+do,should+do,would/should/could/might+do,would/should/could/might+havedone,1.虚拟条件句,3,4,1Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyoudowithit?2IfyoubecametheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyoudofirst?3Ifyoutravelledanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo?,(thepresent),5,4,1Ifsomeonehadgivenyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyouhavedonewithit?2IfyouhadbecometheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyouhavedonefirst?3Ifyouhadtravelledanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyouhavegoneandwhatwouldyouhavedone?,(thepast),5,1Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyoudowithit?2IfyouweretobecometheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyoudofirst?3Ifyoushouldtravelanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo?,(thefuture),5,省略if的倒装句,e.g.1.Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpus.,如果从句中有were，should，had等词，可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。,2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.,Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.,Hadyoucomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.,3.Iftheyshouldbeheretomorrow,theywouldhelpus.,Shouldtheybeheretomorrow,theywouldhelpus.,省略if的倒装句,注意：1条件句中必须有should,were或者had才能省略。2倒装之后用一般疑问句来检验。假如他那是时不是个党员，他就不会就那个男孩了。（用省略if的倒装句）HadhenotbeenaPartymember,hewouldnthavesavedtheboy.3否定词not只能留在助于后面，不能移到主语前面。,含蓄条件句的虚拟语气,假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如without,butfor,but,otherwise,because,or等。,含蓄条件句的虚拟语气,IfIhadnotlostherphonenumber,Iwouldhaverungherup.(用otherwise,but和or分别造句)Ilostherphonenumber.Otherwise,Iwouldhaverungherup.IwouldhaverungherupbutIlostherphonenumber.IlostherphonenumberorIwouldhaverungherup.,含蓄条件句的虚拟语气,要不是有。(butfor,without,ifitwerenotfor,ifithadnotbeenfor)Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.Without/butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.,含蓄条件句的虚拟语气,Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.Ifitwerenotforhispresencenow,Iwouldpunishyou.Butforhispresence,Iwouldpunishyou.Ifithadnotbeenforhispresenceyesterday,Iwouldhavepunishedyou.Butforhispresenceyesterday,Iwouldhavepunishedyou.,错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。动词的虚拟形式要根据时间做出相应的调整.e.g.Ifshehadntstudiedhard,shewouldntspeakEnglishsowell.,Ifhe_hislegsyesterday,he_withusnow.A.hadnthurt;wouldgoB.hadnthurt;wouldhavegoneC.didnthurt;wouldgoD.didnthurt;wouldhavegone,错综时间条件句,17,19,21,含义,动词形式,例句,Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier.,Did/were,Haddone,对现状表达愿望,would/could/might+do,对过去表示遗憾/后悔,对将来表达愿望,IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown.,Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.,2.wish后的宾语从句=ifonly,注意：,1wish后面跟的宾语从句一定要用虚拟语气。2hope没有虚拟语气可以说hopethat/hopetodo,但是不能说hopesbtodo3以下情况是可以实现的：wishsbtodo,wishsbsthIwishyoutobeascientist.WewishyouamerryChristmas.,含义,动词形式,例句,Itappearedasifnothinghadhappened.,Did/were,Havedone,现在,would/could/might+do,过去,将来,Helooksasifheknewthelittlegirl.,Themanlookedworried,asifsomethingbadwouldhappen.,3.asif/asthough后的表语或状语从句(与wish相同),含义,动词形式,例句,did,Haddone,现在,过去,将来,Iwouldratherhetookmeoverthecrossing.,Iwouldratheryouhadnttoldmethetruth.,4.wouldrather后的宾语从句(宁愿),5.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟,表示命令/建议/要求的词所带的从句记住以下动词以及他们的名词。建议：suggest/recommand/advise/propose要求：require/request/demand/ask/desire命令：order/command/坚持：insist不过是动词还是名词，不过是主动还是被动，后面带的不管是主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句还是同位语从句，都要用shoulddo,5.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟,Mysuggestionisthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirst.ItissuggestedthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirstMysuggestionthatweshouldlistentohisopinionfirstisbeingdiscussed.注意当insist硬说，suggest表明，不能有虚拟语气。,5.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟,2.Its+adj.+that的主语从句(adj:necessary/essential/important/natural/strange/possible/impossible,eg.Itisimportantthatweshouldattendthemeeting.Itsapitythat可以用虚拟，也可以不用。,3.Its(high/about)time+that从句+sbshoulddo/sbdid(该是做时候),eg.Itistimethatweshouldstopworkandgohome.Itistimethatwestoppedworkandwenthome.,注意:should不能省略;动词也可用过去式,6.虚拟语气表示祝愿LongliveChairmanMao!Godblessyou!Mayyouhavealongandhappylife!Wishyouahappybirthday!,注意:动词用原形,后边用!may+人+do!wish+人+名词!,7.其他句型,Hadthought/hoped/expectedthat+过去时间Ihadhopedthatyoucouldwinthematchyesterdaybutyoudidnt.,对过去的猜测肯定musthavedone否定can/couldnothavedone可能may/mighthavedone,本应该做（实际没有做，有责备意思）ShouldhavedoneShouldnthavedone本来有必要作（实际没有做，不含责备意思）NeedhavedoneNeednthavedone,Practice,1.IfI_(know)heraddress,Iwouldwritetoher.2.Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyou_(miss)thetrain?3.Ifhe_(notbeill),hewouldhavedonesomething.4.Ifit_(snow)tomorrow,we_(getup)early.,5.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,you_(know)whattodonow.,knew,hadmissed,hadnotbeenill,wereto/shouldsnow/snowed,shouldgetup,wouldknow,snows,willgetup,18,判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气：,Ifwecouldfinishourworkearlierweshallgotothecinema.,2.Thedoctorsuggeststhatshewillnotsmoke.,3.Iwishthatitistrue.,4.Hadyouputonmoreclothes,youwouldnotcatchacold.,shall改成should,willnot改成(should)not,is改成were,wouldnotcatch改成wouldnothavecaught,Translation1用if条件句,如果他现在知道这消息，他就会合我争吵的。（事实上，他现在不知道这消息。）假如他过去读过这本小说，他早就讲给我们听这个故事了。假如他明天来这里，他就会帮助我们了。（事实上，他明天不来。用三种形式。）,Ifheknewthenewsnow,hewouldquarrelwithme.Ifhehadreadthenovel,hewouldhavetoldusthatstory.Ifhecameheretomorrow,hewouldhelpus.Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,heIfheweretocomeheretomorrow,he,Translation2Iwish/ifonly,要是他昨天已来这里就好了。/但愿他昨天已来这里。要是他现在已在这里就好了。/但愿他现在已在这里。要是他明天会来这里就好了。/但愿他明天会来这里。,Iwishthathehadcomehereyesterday./Ifonlyhehadcomehereyesterday.Iwishthathewereherenow./Ifonlyhewereherenow.Iwishthathewouldcomeheretomorrow./Ifonlyhewouldcomeheretomorrow.,Translation3用if条件句的省略式,假如他过去读过这本小说，他早就讲给我们听这个故事了。假如他明天来这里，他就会帮助我们了。（他明天不来。用两种形式。）,Hadhereadthenovel,hewouldhavetoldusthatstory.Shouldhecomeheretomorrow,hewouldhelpus.Werehetocomeheretomorrow,hewouldhelpus.,Translation4,含蓄条件句:假如没有水和空气，人类就不可能生存。(without)要不是有有你的帮助，我昨天就不能完成这项工作。(造两句，一句用butfor，另一句if条件句)错综时间条件句:假如你中午吃过饭，你现在就不会那么饿。,Withoutwaterorair,mancouldntlive.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedtheworkyesterd