初中常见的四种时态.doc

一般现在时讲解及练习一、 定义与讲解一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时，once a week一周一次；twice a month一个月两次只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。三单变化：（1）直接在动词词尾加-s. ask-asks work-works get-gets stay-stays（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es. watch-watches wish-wishes fix-fixes do-does go-goes pass-passes（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es. try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies（4）.不规则变化：be- is are have-has二、一般现在时用法1. 表示经常性，习惯性,永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes, often, usually, always, every day (year, month ), once (twice, three times) a day,等时间状语连用。They usually go to school by bike.I take the medicine three times a day.She helps her mother once a week.Marys father is a policeman.There are 50 students in my class。2. 表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言，谚语等。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Tomorrow is Tuesday.三、一般现在时的句子转换：（1）当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句. 例：陈述句：She is a student.疑问句 Is she a student?否定句 She is not a student.陈述句：I can swim.疑问句 Can you swim否定句 I can not swim.（2） 当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do (you,以及复数), does（单数she,he,it）变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词dont（I,you,以及复数), doesnt（单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。例：陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.疑问句Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?否定句We dont get up at 7:00 every morning.陈述句：She has a little brother. 疑问句 Does she have a little brother?否定句 She doesnt have a little brother.（一）用动词的适当形式填空1. She _(go) to school at seven oclock.2. Its 6 oclock. They are _ (eat) supper.3. He usually _ up at 17:00.(get )4. She _ (live) in Beijing.5. Amy _ (be) here just now.6. _ (be)there a fly on the table just now?7. My father _ (watch) TV every evening .8. My father _ (make) toys these days.9 _ Amy _ (read) English every day?10. Chen Jie sometimes _(go)to the park with her sister.（二）.选择填空1I want_homework now. A. doing B. to do C. to do my D. do my2Its time_. A. go to school B. play games C. to go home D. to do my homeworks3_go and help her. A. Lets me B. Lets us C. Lets D. Lets to4Do they have a new car? Yes,_. A .they are B.they have C. they dont D. they do5He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening. A. have B. has c. is having D. is eating6. We _ any Chinese classes on Friday. A. are having B. arent having C. dont have D. are have（三）、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _ (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _ (be) in Class One.3. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick_ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they _ (like) the World Cup?6. What they often_ (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents _ (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _ (teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _ (take) a walk together every evening.10. There _ (be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike_ (like) cooking.12. They _ (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _ (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _ (do) your homework well.15. I _ (be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _ (do) not like PE.18. The child often _ (watch) TV in the evening.19. Wang Kai and Wang li_ (have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _ (be) it today? Its Saturday.1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What _(do) he usually (do) after school?5. Danny_(study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art an school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10.What time_his mother_(do) the housework?1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)2. I have many books. （改为否定句）3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）6. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）7. We have four lessons.（否定句）8. Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句）9. My dog runs fast. 否定句： 一般疑问句：10. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句： 否定句：11. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句:一般疑问句:划线部分提问12. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问:13. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问14. Tom does his homework at home.否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问一般过去时态讲解及练习1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。（yesterday昨天 last.上一个 .ago.以前）2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后 加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt+动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式： am，is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, get-got, go-went, come-came, 一、写出下列动词的过去式 is am_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ 二、Be动词的过去时练习 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 9. I _ an English teacher now. 10. She _ happy yesterday. 11. They _ glad to see each other last month. 12. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 13. The little dog _ two years old this year. 14. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 15. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 16. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited. 三、行为动词的过去时练习 用行为动词的适当形式填空 1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week. 5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party. 9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 10. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 11. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 12. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 13. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 14. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 15. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 16. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.现在进行时态讲解及练习1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 （now现在；Look!看！ Listen!听！）2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则 (直接加；去e加；双写加)1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit_begin_shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy_(draw) a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls_(sing) in the classroom.3.My mother_(cook) some nice food now.4.What_you_(do) now?5.Look.They_(have) an English lesson.6.They_(not,water) the flowers now.7.Look!the girls_(dance) in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing? She_(listen) to music.9.Its 5oclock now.We_(have) supper now.10._Helen_(wash) clothes? Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Implaying the footballin the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading booksin his study.(对划线部分进行提问)_一般将来时态讲解及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to+do；will+do.三、否定句： 在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing thi是weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如：Im going to NewYork soon.Whos going to NewYork soon.2.问干什么。Whatdo.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to=will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.今日练习： 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet? 改句子。 5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping. 6. Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them. 7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tom