中考英语命题研究 第三部分 中考题型攻略篇 题型四 阅读理解 类型一 选择型课件.ppt

,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,编者按：在近5年青海中考试题中，阅读理解均为4选1的选择型，并且每年都会涉及图画或表格，以增强试题的趣味性。话题涉及广泛，文体以记叙文和说明文为主，词数均在160270之间。考查方式以细节理解题为主，通常会涉及词义猜测、主旨大意、数字计算、推理判断、标题归纳等能力测试。设题方式以挖空为主，穿插问题型，也有全部设置为挖空型的。记叙文的话题以故事类为主，包括人物故事、幽默故事、励志故事、教育故事等，以道德教育为目的，每年至少有一篇涉及该话题。说明文以介绍类为主，包括饮食健康、跨文化交际、咨询建议、社会执法等，内容涉及广泛。广告图表类的阅读理解一方面增加了试题的趣味性，另一方面多贴近生活实际，能教会学生一定的英语生活运用能力。分析近5年青海试题可知，广告图表类涉及较多的是34组不同的小广告或图表组合，所涉及的内容多贴近人们的社会生活或是一些奇闻轶事。,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,阅读技能是考查学生能力的一种重要方式，主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解能力、对材料中有效信息的捕捉能力等。考生只有较快地读懂材料，抓住短文大意，获取关键信息，才能对阅读问题作出正确的判断。要高效地做好阅读技能题，必须分清类型、对症下药，还要运用一定的解题技巧，才能将各类阅读问题轻松搞定。一、阅读原文，理解大意首先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清文章脉络。二、审读题目，正确判断读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个问题的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的关键词，然后寻找该关键词在文章中所在的句子及段落，依据短文内容对试题所给出的问题判断得出正确答案。常见阅读技能的考查方式有以下几种形式：细节理解题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；主旨大意题；标题归纳题。,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,三、重读原文，复读检查完成各个小题后必须将短文重读一遍，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上对每一道题中似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,(2016青海中考6165题)Iamakarate(空手道)player.Istillremembermyfirstkaratecompetition.Likeotherplayers，Iwasveryexcitedaboutmyevent.Iwatchedeveryplayerstechniques(技巧)sothatIcouldcarefullyavoidtheirmoves.SomehowIgotintothesemifinals.Inthesemifinals，Igotinjured.Istilldidntgiveupandgotintofinals.Afterall，gettingthegoldmedalwasmydream.Inthefinalcompetition，therewerenosupportersonmyside，asIwasanewface.Instead，thecrowdwascheeringformyopponent.Icouldhearonlymyopponentsname.Iignoredthecrowdscheering.Ikeptonethinginmind：focus，waitandattack.Ihadconfidenceinmyself，andI,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,knewthatnomatterhowstrongmyopponentwas，Ihadtodomybestandfightwell.Whenthetimewasup，Iwasleadingwitha30score.OnethingIlearnedfromthateventis，nomatterhowstrongyouropponentis，dontthinkyouareweakorstrong.Justgiveyourbestshot，andyouwillmakeyourwaytosuccess.Winorlose，youwilllearnfromeverystepyoutake.()1.Thewriterfelt_whenhetookpartinhisfirstkaratecompetition.AdisappointedBexcitedCnervousDscared()2.Thewriter_inthesemifinals.AwasinjuredBgaveupfightingCwasbeatenDgotthegoldmedal,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,()3.Alotoffanscametothefinalcompetitionandcheeredfor_.AthewriterBthewritersgreatdreamCtheopponentDtheopponentsvictory()4.Accordingtothepassage，whatmadethewriterwin?AGoodpreparation.BHavingadream.CSelfconfidence.DAlloftheabove.()5.Inthepassage，thewriterimplies(暗示)_.AhowwecandowellinacompetitionBwhatisthefastwaytogetagoldmedalinacompetitionCitsusefultostudytechniquesbeforeacompetitionDitsimportanttolearnsomethingandgetexperiencesfromwhatyoudo,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,Passage1(2016青海中考6670题)Vaccines(疫苗)shouldkeeppeoplehealthyandawayfromthefearofdiseases.However，someproblematicvaccinesfoundinChinahavecausedbigworriesandangeramongpeoplerecently.Since2011，12typesofvaccines，suchasvaccinesforrabiesandtheflu，havebeensoldillegallyin24provinciallevelareas.Togethertheyareworthmorethan570millionyuanandweresoldbyamotheranddaughtercrime(犯罪)team.Themother，surnamedPang，onceworkedatahospitalinShandong.Afterleavingthehospital，Pangbegantosellvaccineswithoutalicense.Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines，butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature.As,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,aresult，thevaccinescouldlosetheireffect.Pangandsomeothercriminalshavealreadybeenarrested.Localgovernmentsarestilltracing(追踪)theproblematicvaccinesindifferentareas.Althoughthegovernmentsareworkingonthecase，ithascausedworriesinthepublic.Someparentsworrythattheproblematicvaccinescouldbetoxic(有毒的)andrefusetotaketheirchildrentogetvaccinatedinhospitals.ButaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization，thereislittleriskofthesevaccines，andtheyareseldomtoxic.TheWHOstillencouragesparentstoprotecttheirchildrenshealththroughvaccination.(A)1.HowmanytypesofproblematicvaccineshavebeenfoundinChina?A12.B24.C570.DNotmentioned.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,(C)2.Inparagraph3，thephrase“losttheireffect”means_.A有毒B有害C失效D丢弃(B)3.Whydidthevaccineslosetheeffect?ABecausetheyweremadebyunqualifiedcompanies.BBecausetheywerenotkeptatalowtemperature.CBecausetheyweresoldbypeoplewithoutalicense.DBecausetheywerenotsoldinthehospitals.(A)4.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?ATheproblematicvaccinesaretoxic.BTheproblematicvaccineshavecausedbigworriesandangeramongpeople.CLocalgovernmentsarestilllookingfortheproblematicvaccinesindifferentareas.DSomeparentsrefusetotaketheirchildrentogetvaccinatedinhospitals.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,(D)5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?AKeepingHealthythroughVaccination.BThePoliceandCriminals.CBigWorriesandAnger.DTheProblematicVaccines.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,Passage2(2016西宁中考4650题)Whatshouldwedoifoneofourclassmatessuddenlyfallsillorgetshurt?Herearesomestepsyoushouldfollow.Butalwaysremembertolookformedicalcareafterfirstaid(急救)ifthewoundisserious.Brokenbones(骨头)：Takeawayclothingfromthewound.Useanicepack.Dontmovethehurtbodypartwhilewaitingforthedoctortoarrive.Animalbites(咬伤)：Washthebiteareawithsoapandwater.Packthewoundwithacleanclothifitisbleeding.Ifthebleedinghasstopped，covertheareawithabandageandtakethepersontothehospital.Makesureyourememberwhatkindofanimalitissothedoctorcanfindtherightwaytotreathimorheratonce.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,Fainting(昏厥)：Havehimorherliewithfeetliftedalittle.Dontmovethebodyifyouthinktheremightbewoundsfromthefall.Makesureheorshecanbreatheandletinfreshair.Cleanthepersonsfacewithacoolcloth.Nosebleeds：Havethepersonsitupwithhisorherheadtilted(倾斜)forwardalittle.Donothavethepersontilthisorherheadbackbecausethismaycauseheavybreathingorcoughing.Pinch(捏)thelowerpartofthenoseforatleast10minutes.(B)1.Whatshouldwedofirstwhenananimalbitehappens?APutanicepackonthewound.BWashthebiteareawithsoapandwater.CTrytostopthebleedingwithacleancloth.DTakethehurtpersontothehospital.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,(C)2.Whendealingwiththeproblemsof_，weshouldntmovethehurt.AbrokenbonesandanimalbitesBanimalbitesandnosebleedsCbrokenbonesandfaintingDfaintingandnosebleeds(D)3.Whichofthefollowingisnotrightwhenaboysnosebleeds?ALethisheadnottiltback.BLethisheadtiltforwardalittle.CLethimsitup.DPinchhisnoseforlessthan10minutes.(B)4.Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagecomefrom?ALifestyle.BHealth.CSports.DEducation.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,(A)5.Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?AFirstaidforsomeaccidentalwounds.BStepsoflookingformedicalcare.CAdviceonwaysnottogethurt.DWaystoaskforhelpingettinghurt.,2017年中考英语命题研究（青海专版）,Passage3(2016天津中考)Doyouknowthatinsomepartsoftheworld，peoplebuildtemporary(暂时的)hotelsmadeofsnowandblocks(大块)ofice?Theseareknownasicehotels.Unlikeusualhotels，alltheroomsintheicehotelsaremadeofice.Insomeicehotels，eventheglassesfordrinksaremadeoficeblocks.Sotheyonlyser