高考英语复习-定语从句.ppt

TheAttributiveClause,学习方法指导,概念：,用一个句子放在一个名词或代词的后面作定语。SheisthegirlwhomIamlookingfor.,先行词,关系代词,Thisisthevillagewhereshegrewup.,先行词,关系副词,一、引导定语从句的关系词,指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that所属关系whose，ofwhich，ofwhom指地点where指时间when指原因why,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,关系代词（副词）在定从中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.,5.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.8.Weshallneverthedayswhenwelivedtogether.,一、关系词选择的步骤,第一步：先判断是什么从句一般定语从句的结构是“先行词+关系代/副词+从句”。(牢固树立这一概念后，可减少很多不该出现的错误。),第二步：是关系代词，还是关系副词关键是如何选择关系词。,方法一依据在从句中所做的成分关系代词(that，which，who，whom等)主要用作主语和宾语；关系副词(when，where，why)主要用作状语；作定语时用whose。,方法二：完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。,ThisisthevillagewhereIstayedlastyear.Thisisthemountainvillagewhich/thatIvisitedlastyear.,第三步：看先行词如选择关系代词：是人还是物如选择关系副词：地点时间原因（reason),是用关系代词还是关系副词1May1istheday_Illneverforget2May1istheday_wespenttogether3May1istheday_IjoinedthearmyAthat/whichBwhen,误：Thisisthehousewherewelivedinlastyear,正：Thisisthehousewhichthatwelivedinlastyear译：这是我们去年住过的那个房子。,定语从句中的关系副词,when,where,why,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.,onwhich,where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.,inwhich,Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.,forwhich,“of+which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。e.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom,二、考点：介词+关系代词,1.根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImsure.,关系代词前介词的确定,Thegirl_whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_whomIthinkyoucandepend.,for,on,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,_allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.,with,in,2.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?,3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.,Therate_whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.,at,inthefrontof,1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,_whichwecantlive.2.Thestudent_whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.Illneverforgettheday_whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason_whichhehasntturnedupyet?,without,about,on,for,三.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“名词/数词/代词+of+which/whom”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.,Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof_waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_Idontunderstand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom,四.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.,Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.,Thereare20studentsinthisclass,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,五.主语和谓语一致1、关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。例如：Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismyson.,2、在oneofthe+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Thisisoneofthebestbookst