非谓语动词基本形式及例句.ppt

非谓语动词,一、非谓语动词的基本概念和形式在句子中做谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为4种形式：不定式、ing形式、过去分词不定式的形式：,语态,时态,一般式,完成式,主动,被动,todo,tohavedone,tobedone,tohavebeendone,动名词和现在分词的形式,语态,时态,一般式,完成式,主动,被动,doing,beingdone,havingdone,havingbeendone,过去分词：done否定形式：not+不定式，not+动名词，not+现在分词,二、非谓语动词在句子中的成分主语：不定式、动名词Hetolduswhethertohaveapicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.Whenandwheretoholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.Missingthistrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.Beingfriendsmeanslearningfromandhelpingeachother.Tomsbeinglateagainmadehisteacherangry.表语：四种非谓语动词都可做表语Pleaseremainseateduntiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.Thestoryisveryinteresting,sochildrenareinterestedinit.,宾语：动名词、不定式宾补：不定式、现在分词、过去分词Asksb.todo-;order,persuade;want;permit;Allow;forbid;force;beg;demand-Keepsb.workingalltheday;Leavethedoorclosed定语：都可以作定语不定式只能做后置定语；单个动名词、现在分词、过去分词可以做前置定语其构成的短语作后置定语aswimmingpool;readingroom-asleepingbaby;arunningcar-fallenleaves;theflood-hit/strickenarea,Themeetingheldyesterdaywasasuccess.Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.Themeetingtobeheldnextweekwillbeveryimportant.非谓语动词短语做后置定语是定语从句的省略，要注意非谓语动词的时态和语态,状语：不定式、现在分词、过去分词不定式只做目的状语和意外结果状语目的状语，可位于句首和句末；Ihurriedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.做意外结果状语只能位于句末,onlytobetold,非谓语动词作状语是状语从句的省略IfImnottiredfromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.Ifnottiredfromwork,Iwill-.Whenyouarecrossingthestreet,youshouldbecareful.Whencrossingthestreet,youshould-.Becausethepostmanwerebittentwice,herefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechaindedourdog.Bittentwice,thepostmanrefusedto-.Afterhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hefinally-.,Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecityandkilledallfourpeopleonboard.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,killingallfourpeopleonboard.三、非谓语动词解题步骤1.解析句子结构，判断考谓语动词还是非谓语动词；2.解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的成分；3.找准设空动词