滚针轴承知识101(中).ppt

DrawnCup101,BearingChoicesandDrawnCupAdvantages轴承选用和冲压圈轴承优点Applications应用Stress应力ImportantDrawnCupCharacteristics冲压圈的重要特性BoreProfile孔轮廓AFODShapeandSize自由平均外径外形和尺寸RollerRelief滚针卸荷BoreSizeDiametralClearanceandtheApplication孔尺寸径向游隙和应用,AGENDA议程,BASICFUNCTIONOFBEARINGS轴承的基本功能,Thebasicfunctionofbearingsistosupportaload,whileallowingmotiontooccurwithreducedfriction.轴承的的基本功能是承受载荷,并在运动时降低磨擦力。,BearingChoices轴承的选用,Whatbearingchoicesdocustomershave?客户如何选用轴承?,BallBearing球轴承,Bore-1.00”,OD-2.00”,Width-.375”,Capacity-2500lbf,S10K,Bore-1.00”,OD-1.50”,Width-.750”,Capacity-3870lbf,HJ-162412,MachineRaceBearing实体圈滚动轴承,Bore-1.00”,OD-1.25”,Width-.750”,Capacity-2710lbf,J-1612,DrawnCupBearing冲压圈轴承,Bore-1.00”,OD-1.25”,Width-.750”,Capacity-7790lbf,LooseRollerComplement滚针组件,DrawnCupFeatures冲压圈轴承持性,Advantages优点Thincrosssection薄壁Maximumload-carryingcapability最大的承载能力Minimumspacerequired最小的空间需要Installationincorporatingapressfit过盈压配安装Fullcomplementdesignformaximumcapacity满滚针设计提供了最大承载能力Cageddesignforhigherspeedsandluberetention带保持持设计提供了高速和润滑持久Morecosteffectivethananygroundproducts比磨加工产品成本低SizeRange尺寸范围Inch英制:孔1/8in.-5-1/2in.boreMetric公制:孔3mm-60mmbore,Applications应用-HydraulicGearpumps液压齿轮泵(B-88,B-86)-AutomaticBrakingSystems自动制动（刹车）系统(DBA-66406)-Automotiveairconditioningcompressors汽车空调压缩机(DB-66391)-PowerTools动力工具(B-bearings)-Automatictransmissions汽车变速箱(FJ-4516)-Starters&Alternators起动器及交流发电机(JTT-XXX,HK-0608E)-Steeringcolumnuniversaljoints转向柱万向节(DD-64056,DB-59500-2)-PushrodengineRockerarmsPushrod发动机摇臂(CDCA-65291)-18Wheelermileagecounter18Wheeler里程计数器(JP-23F)-WheelBearings轮用轴承(DB-67309),Transmissions变速箱,AutomaticPumpShaftSupport汽车泵轴支承,ManualFWD手动前轮驱动,ABSBearingsABS轴承,Axialdisplacementofbearingiscreatedbyeccentricallygroundshaftofelectricmotor电机马达转动轴的偏心部分造成轴承的径向位移PumppistonsareincontactwithODofcup汽缸活塞与轴承外径相连接,RockerArms摇臂,WhatKeyFeaturesMakeaBearingAbletoSustainLoading?使轴承承受载荷的关键特性?,Abilitytosupportloadisbasedon承受载荷的能力基于:ContactSurfacearea/Stress接触表面积/应力BoreProfile孔轮廓RollerProfile滚子轮廓Roller/BoreRoundness孔/滚子圆度HardnessofLoadBearingComponents轴承零件承载的硬度Shaft轴Rollers滚子Cup冲压圈Housing座HousingPressFit&Sizing/RoundingofBearing壳体压配合及轴承的尺寸/圆度,Stress&SurfaceArea表面及表面应力,TheLowertheBearingSurfaceareatheHigherThestress.轴承承载表面积越小表面应力越高。TheHighertheStress,theLowertheLife应力越高，寿命越低。,BoreProfileandRollerProfileareKeyProductCharacteristicsWhichHaveaDirectEffectonBearingSurfaceAreaandtheResultingStress孔和滚子的轮廓是直接影响表面积和应力的关键产品特性。,BoreProfile孔的轮廓,FlatCupBore平直的冲压圈内孔,L10Life=357.5hr,侧视,主视,整个滚子母线与圈及轴接触,直圈,直轴,直滚子,最大的接触面积,ACommonOccurrenceatpressistoHaveRaisedMaterialattheFstep通常应力发生在F台阶处凸起部分ResultisShorterLifeDuetoSpallingatFStep结果是由于F台阶处的剥裂而缩短寿命,F-STEPBUMPF_台阶应力集中,BumphasaMagnitudeof.0002”=.005mmL10Life=Reducedby22%ContactStressIncreaseof60%,CONCAVEBORE凹面孔,MagnitudeofConcavitypeaktovalleyis.0004”=.010mmL10Life=Reducedby64%ContactStressIncreaseof96%,*Thisconditioncanalsobecausedbyhigh-ended“dogbone”rollers.两端突起的“狗骨头”滚针也会形成这种情况,TargetBoreProfile理想孔的轮廓,Bearingracewaysshouldbeflattoconvex(crowned)Aftercurling在弯边后轴承滚道应当平直或凸起-Concavityshouldbeavoided避免凹面,CupRaceways,ConditionsofMaximumDiametralClearance最大径向游隙的条件,maxDC=maxinstalledbearingbore-minshaftmaxinstalledbearingbore=maxboreinaring+(maxhousingbore-ring)maxDC=maxboreinaring+(maxhousingbore-ring)-minshaftExample:B-910FromtheCatalog:Shaft=.5625”/.5620”Housing=.7505”/.7495”RingGage=.7505”BoreinaRing=.5649”/.5640”maxDC=.5649”+(.7505”-.7505”)-.5620”=.0029”*maxDCoccurswhenthebearingisinthemaxhousing轴承座孔最大时出现最大径向游隙,ConditionsofMinimumDiametralClearance最小径向游隙的条件,minDC=mininstalledbearingbore-maxshaftmininstalledbearingbore=minboreinaring+(minhousingbore-ring)minDC=minboreinaring+(minhousingbore-ring)-maxshaftExample:B-910FromtheCatalog:Shaft=.5625”/.5620”Housing=.7505”/.7495”RingGage=.7505”BoreinaRing=.5649”/.5640”minDC=.5640”+(.7495”-.7505”)-.5625”=.0005”*minDCoccurswhenthebearingisintheminhousing轴承座孔最小时出现最小径向游隙,“0”SLOPE“0”倾斜,ApplicationLoading&Slope应用负载和倾斜,Gear,Bearing,Shaft,Shaft,LoadOffCenterAwayfromBearing偏心负载,SlopeCondition倾斜条件-Housing&ShaftarenotAligned座和心轴不对正-NeedforReliefonRollerstoavoidhighstress&earlyfailure带卸荷滚针避免早期失效,BearingHardness轴承硬度-Cupsarecasehardened冲压圈表层硬化-TypicalCup“A”wall典型冲压圈“A”型壁,61HRcMinSurfaceHardness表面硬度最小61HRc,20-40HRcCoreHardness心部硬度20-40HRc,Depthto50HRcpointdefinesCaseDepth到HRc50点的深度定义为硬化层（渗碳层）深度(Approximately.004”min)（约0.1mm）,HardnessProfile-CupCross-Section硬度轮廓-冲压圈截面,Depthto50HRCdefinesCaseDepth到HRc50点的深度定义为硬化层（渗碳层）深度,.030”,“A”wall,61HRC,50HRC,20HRC,HARDNESS,Hardness&StrengthCurve硬度及应力曲线-Usedtoevaluatehardnessprofiles&Customerapplications常用于评估硬度轮廓及客户应用,LIFEVSHARDNESS寿命对硬度,%LifeRetained,Hardness,HRC,LIFEADJUSTMENTFACTORS,寿命校对因素,HousingPressFit&BearingSizing压配合及轴承尺寸,StandardCatalogBearingsaredesignedwithdifferentrangesofinterferenceorpressfit.标准轴承有不同的过盈或压配合Small(.500”O.D.)=.0005”-.002”Medium=.0008”-.0028”Large=.0012”-0044”*TheseinterferencesarethedifferencebetweenthebearingAverageFreeO.D.Hardandthecataloghousingdiameter.过盈干涉是轴承（硬圈的）平均自由外径和标准座直径之差,Bearingsareoutofroundanddependonthehousing&pressfittoRoundthebearingup,Holdthebearinginthehousing,&Sizethebearingdown.轴承不圆，靠座孔及压配合整圆和夹持轴承，轴承尺寸减小。,AFODTAPER平均自由外径锥度,LackofInterferencecancomefrom:过盈不足可能是由于-O.D.taper外径锥度-O.D.HardUndersize（硬圈）外径偏小-BulgeCurl弯边突起ThisCanleadto:可能会导致：-Bearingswalkinginhousing轴承在座里滑动-Bearingnotroundingup轴承不圆-EarlyfailureatCustomer早期失效,CustomersHousing&Shaft客户的座和心轴,TheCustomersHousing&ShaftplayamajorRoleinthefunctionofourBearings.客户的座和心轴在轴承功能上扮演着重要角色,BearingTakestheShapeoftheHousing轴承复制座孔的外形Housingmustcarrytheloadwithoutdeformingorcracking座必须不因承受载荷而发生变形或破裂Theshafthasthehigheststress&shouldhaveanequalorgreaterhardnessandstructure心轴承受高的压力，应当有相当的或更高的硬度或组织结构Mostproblemsseenatthecustomerresultfrominstallationdamageorimproperinstallation.在顾客那里看到的多数问题是安装损坏或由不正确安装产生NoleadinonHousingorshaft座和轴无引导安装Incorrectinstallationtoolsortechniques不正确的安装工具和方法,Manufacturing制造,NeedtoContinuetoImprove&UnderstandourProcesses必须持续改善和了解我们的工艺,HardAverageFreeO.D.&O.D.tapertoensureapres