德州专版2019中考英语总复习第三部分题型研析高分保障题型四综合填空课件.ppt

第三部分题型研析高分保障,题型4综合填空,综合填空是一种要求高、难度大、区分度高的题型。近几年该题型主要以考查学生对上下文的理解和把握能力、对词汇意义及其用法的理解和运用能力、根据生活常识进行推理和判断的能力以及对习惯用法和常用搭配的运用能力为主。预计2018年中考中该题型会设置2篇短文，以从方框中选词填空的形式出现，每篇短文为从方框中所给的7个词中选出6个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化。在备考以及平时的学习中，除了具备必要的词汇和语法知识外，还应具备综合运用语言的能力；不能一味地以语法为中心，更应该在语篇中领悟语言，在真实语境中使用语言；同时还要注重各种文体的阅读，在阅读过程中，多注意上下文的联系，多体会作者的写作意图，加强分析推理能力。,解题技法指导,例题精析阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的7个词汇中选择6个意义相符的词汇，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处。A2017潍坊中考改编Inmylife，apersonwhohasinfluencedmemostismyfather.Heisamodelforme.NowIlltellyouabouthisstory.Myfatherisinhis1._Heneversmokesordrinks.Hehasworkedinalocalfactoryforyears.Youwillnotfindanything2._abouthimuntilyoulearnmore.Heworks3._allthetime，soheisrespectedbyhiscolleagues.Myfatherhasalwaysbeenkindandhelpful.Hehasfuntalkingwitholdpeople.,careful，usual，fifty，and，death，kind，for,HegaveourTVtoafamilywhocouldnotaffordone.Hecares4._thechildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.Wheneverhehassomemoneyleft，hewillgiveittosomeoneinneed.Myfatherhasdonatedbloodmanytimessincewemovedhere.Thebloodhehasdonatedismuchenoughtosaveover70lives.Hehasdonatedbloodcellstopeoplewithbloodcancer.Tomysurprise，hehasdecidedtodonatehisbodyformedicalresearchafterhis5._WhenIwasalittlegirl，Icouldnotunderstandwhymyfatheralwaysseemedtobe6._toothersthantohisownfamilyandwhyhethinksofothersmorethanhimself.NowIrealizethatheownsaheartfulloflove.,【主旨大意】作者在文中讲述了自己父亲的事迹。在我的生活中，父亲对我影响最大。他是我的榜样。通过种种事迹说明，父亲拥有一颗充满爱的心。1【解析】inonesfifties是固定短语，意为“在某人五十多岁时”。在这一结构中基数词“整十”用复数形式。【答案】fifties2【解析】由前半句中的not提示用usual的反义词unusual。句意：直到你了解他多了，才会发现他的不同寻常。【答案】unusual3【解析】修饰动词work，用副词。【答案】carefully,4【解析】carefor为固定短语，意为“关心”。句意：他关心那些没有父母的孩子们。【答案】for5【解析】形容词性物主代词后用die的名词形式death。【答案】death6【解析】由后文中的“than”可知此处应用比较级，句意为“我不能理解为什么我的父亲看起来对别人总是比对自己的家人还要好”【答案】kinder,BADeliciousMealTonyisChineseAmerican.HisfamilymembersgathertogetherandserveatraditionalChinesemealonceaweek.LastweekTony7._hisfriendAmyforit.Tonysfamily8._dinnerwhenAmyarrived.Thefatherwascookingvegetableswithhotoil.Thekitchenwasfilledwithmanygoodsmells.“Youcanhelpmesetthetable，”Tonytoldhisfriend.Theygaveeachpersonapairofchopsticks，asoupbowl，asoupspoon，andaricebowlonaplate.“Wherearetheforksandknives？”Amyasked.“Oh，youwont9._those，”Tonyexplained.“Illshowyouhowtousechopsticks.Dontworry.”,invite，eat，need，hold，learn，read，prepare,TonysmotherputdifferentfoodswhichwereunfamiliartoAmyontobigplates.Sheaskedthekidstocarrythefoodfilledplatesouttothetable.Amycarriedroastduck.Itwasoneofthefewdishessherecognized.Amywasalittlenervousabout10._withchopsticks.Tonygaveherinstructionsonhowtodoit.Amyfinallymanagedtoholdthechopsticks.Justwhenshepickedupapieceofchickeninherchopsticks，herfingerssuddenlylostcontrolofthem，andthechickenflewacrossthetable.ItlandedinTonyssoupwithasplash(飞溅)Everyoneatthetablesmiled.,Tonysfatherkindlybroughtoutaforkandknife.HehandedthemtoAmy.Amyfeltmorecomfortable.Sheatetherestofherdinnereasily.Itwasdelicious!Attheendofthemeal，Amywasgivenafortunecookie(签语饼干)Shebrokeitopenand11._thesmallnoteinside.“Ifyoupractisehard，youwill12._manythings.”Amylaughedandsaid，“Ifyouletmetakehomeapairofchopsticks，myfortunemaycometrue！”,【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了艾米应邀去托尼家做客时所发生的一件事情。7invited解析：由下文可推知，托尼邀请艾米来他家做客。由上下文时态可判断，本句应用一般过去时态。故填动词过去式invited。8waspreparing解析：根据后面when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时可知此处应为过去进行时，表示正在准备晚餐。9need解析：由下句托尼跟艾米解释的话“Illshowyouhowtousechopsticks.”可推知，托尼解释说“不需要用刀叉吃饭”。助动词wont后跟动词原形。故填动词need。10eating根据“withchopsticks”以及常识可知应是“用筷子吃东西”。介词about后用动名词。11read由下一句引号部分可知，是“读”出这一句话。12learn由上句“Ifyoupractisehard(如果你加强练习)”，可知此空为learn“学会”。,技法点拨一、弄清文章大意要跳过空格，浏览全文，理解文章的大意，特别要注意读懂文章的第一句，这一句通常不设空格，它对我们理解文章的主旨起着非常重要的作用。二、做好句法分析通过句法分析弄清楚要填的词在句中充当主语、谓语还是宾语等。如果是主语或宾语，要填的应当是名词或代词；如果是谓语，要填的就应是动词；如果是在名词前作定语或者在系动词后作表语，要填的应当是形容词等。,三、考虑词形变化如果是名词或代词要考虑该用单数还是复数；如果是人称代词要考虑用主格还是宾格；如果是动词就要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；如果是谓语动词就要考虑是用主动语态还是被动语态。还要考虑该用哪一种时态；如果是非谓语动词主要考虑是用ing形式、不定式还是用过去分词等。切不可一确定填哪个单词后，就在不作任何考虑的情况下填上去，犯了不该犯的错。四、注意固定搭配根据空格前后的固定搭配来分析。如：begoodat，beinterestedin，makeprogress，atleast，atmost，atlast，inthisway，payavisitto，takecareof，alotof，haveapopulationof，getonwellwith，haveaparty，givesb.sth.，asksb.todosth.，be/getusedto，spend.doing，so.that.等。,五、利用上下文语境即利用上下文的意思与结构来填空。这个上下文可能是空格所处的句子本身的前部分和后部分，也可能是空格前后的那个句子或那几个句子，还有可能要结合前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。六、复读全文，验证答案仔细检查所填词是否符合短文的主旨，发现问题要及时更正。,即时运用Passage1A2015德州中考改编,AcarstoppedoutsidetheCherryHotelandayoungmangot1._Mrs.Smithsaidtotheyoungman，“WhatcanIdoforyou，sir？”“Excuseme，”theyoungmansaid，“Iamlookingformyuncle，Mr.White.Hehasbeenawayfromhome2._twodaysago.Ithinkheisstayinghere.”“Yes，heis.”Mrs.Smithsaid，“ButImafraidthathewentbacktoLondonyesterday.”,since，ill，until，out，long，thank，real,out,since,“Oh，dear，”saidtheyoungman，lookingsad，“Iwenttohishouse，butIwastoldbyhischildrenthathewasgoingtostayhere3._theendoftheweek.”“Yes，”saidMrs.Smith，“Hewantedtostayherethewholeweek，butyesterdaysomeonecalledhimsayingthatoneofhisfriendswas4._.SohecaughtthetrainbacktoLondontoseethefriendatonce.”“Heshouldletmeknow，”theyoungmansaid，“Iwrotehimaletter，sayingthatIwascoming.Well，sinceheisnthere，Iwontwaitany5._”,until,ill,longer,TheyoungmanthankedMrs.Smithandwentout.Mrs.Smithwatchedhimleave.Whenhiscarcouldntbeseen，shecalledout，“Youcancomeoutnow，Mr.White.Hesgone.”Mr.Whitecameoutofthebedroom.“Many6._，Mrs.Smith.”hesaidlaughing，“Youdidverywell.Theyoungmanismynephew(侄子)Whenheneedsmoney，hewilllookformeeverywhere.Nexttimehewonttellmebywritingmealetter.”,thanks,B2016德州中考改编WhatWouldYouDo?isaTVprogrammeonAmericanABC.Theprogramme7._bythenewsreporterJohnQuinones.Hesaid，“Itispopularwithmanypeopleboththeyoungandtheold.Ittestswhatpeople8._whentheyseesomeoneintrouble.Weusehiddencamerastorecordwhatwillhappen.Itspurposeistotellus9._peopleinneed.”Hereislastweeksprogramme.,do，help，buy，cheat，start，record，play,isstarted,willdo,tohelp,Inacakeshop，oneactoractedasablindwomannamedPamelaandtheotheractedastheshopworkerofthecakeshop.Theshopworkerlookeddownupon(瞧不起)theblind.Sowhentheblindwomancameintotheshopand10._aboxofcakes，theshopworkercheated(欺骗)herwhenhegaveherthechange(零钱)Heonlygaveher6dollarsinsteadof34dollars.WouldsomeonebebraveenoughtohelptheblindwomanYes!Awomancustomerstoppedtheshopworkerfrom11._theblind.Seeingthis，severalothercustomersjoinedintooandaskedtheshopworkertoreturntherest(剩余的)moneytotheblindwoman.,bought,cheating,Atthistime，JohnQuinonesappearedandexplainedthathe12._aprogrammecalledWhatWouldYouDo？.Thenheinterviewedthefirstcustomerwhosaidthatitwasnecessarytogiveahandtothepeopleinneed.Apsychologist(心理学家)said，“Itsdifficulttotakethefirststeptostandup.Itneedscourage.”,wasrecording,Passage2A2017莱芜中考改编Morethan95%ofthepeopleintheworldhavephonestoday.Theyhelpuseasilymakecontact(联系)withothers.Itmeansthatwe1._writelettersnow.ButaTVshow，LettersAlive，isbringing2._thisoldhabit.TheshowislovedbypeoplearoundChina.Itinvitesfamousactorsandactresses，onepersonwalksuptoamicrophone(麦克风)andreadsa3._.Theletterswerewrittenbypeoplefromdifferenttimesinhistory.Wecanexperiencethereallivesandfeelingsofthewriters.,city，small，popular，back，in，hard，letter,hardly,back,letter,Besidesit，anotherTVshow，TheReaders，isalso4._Itinvitesdifferentpeopletoreadaloudonthestage，andtellthetouchingstoriesbehindthem.Theycanreadanything，likepoemsandbooks.Nowtheshowgivespeopleaspecialplace，areadingpavilion(朗读亭)，toreadalloverChina.Readingpavilionsarenowinsome5._likeShanghai，HangzhouandXian.Thepavilionisquite6._Onlyonepersoncancomeintoiteachtime.Amicrophoneinitrecordspeoplesvoices.SomeofthereaderswillbepickedandinvitedtoreadonTV.Culturalvaluesandtruefeelingsarethekeystowinningpraise.BothshowsareleadingChinesepeopletoenjoyreading.Infact，thisisalsowhatourcountryistryingtodonow.,popular,cities,small,B2017襄阳中考改编Lifewillbepeacefulifyoualwaysdokindthings.Iteachmydaughtersto7._ahabitofhelpingothers.Weliveinarural(乡村)area.Mostofwhatweseeisbeautifulnature.Oneoftheexceptions(例外)tothebeautyistherubbishthatsomepeoplethrowoutoftheircarwindows.Andtherearenonecessarypublicservices，suchasrubbishcollection.,develop,