英语网考2010版大纲教材Test8-Test9讲解.ppt

大学英语（B）模拟试题Test8部分解析,PartI:交际用语,MayIuseyourbikeforamoment?_A.Itswell.B.Itdoesntmatter.C.Byallmeans.D.Ihavenoidea.2.Howdoyoudo?Gladtomeetyou._A.Fine.Howareyou?B.Howdoyoudo?Gladtomeetyou,too.C.Howareyou?Thankyou!D.Nice.Howareyou?,请求,问候,PartI:交际用语,3.Hi,isMarythere,please?_A.Holdon.Illgether.B.No,sheisnthere.C.Yes,sheliveshere.D.Yes,whatdoyouwant?4.Wouldyoumindchangingseatswithme?_A.Yes,youcan.B.Ofcourse,Iliketo.C.No,Idontmind.D.Certainly,pleasedo.,打电话用语,提问表达看法,PartI:交际用语,5.Shallwesituphereonthegrassordowntherenearthewater?_Idratherstayhereifyoudontmind.B.Sorry,Idontlikeneither.C.Certainly,whynot?D.Yes,welikethesetwoplaces.,提问,PartII:阅读理解,Howmenfirstlearnttoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother;人们最初是如何发明单词的不得而知，换句话说，语言的起源是个秘密。所有我们所知道的只是，人，不同于动物，不知怎么发明了某些声音来表达思想、情感、行为和物质，以便相互交流；,andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbecombinedtopresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whetherspokenorwritteninletters,wecallwords.后来统一了某些被称为字母的符号，这些字母可以连起来代表那些声音，可以写下来。我们把那些声音叫做单词，不管他们是口语还是书面语。Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheirassociations-thethingtheybringupbeforeourminds.Wordsbecomefilledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;文字的力量在于其联系性它们把这些联系性带到我们的头脑中。通过经历，单词对我们充满了意义。,andthelongerwelive,themorecertainwordsrecalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadandlearn,themorethenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingincreases.我们活得越久，某些单词就越能使我们回忆起过去的喜怒哀乐；我们越是阅读和学习，有意义的单词数量就越增加。Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappealpowerfullytoourmindsandemotions.Thischarmingandtellinguseofwordsiswhatwecallliterarystyle.伟大的作家是那些不仅具有伟大思想而且能用词汇来表达这些思想的人，他们的思想强烈地震撼着我们的心灵和情感。单词的这种美妙和寓意用法就是我们所谓的文学性。,Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterofwords.Hecanconveyhismeaninginwordswhichsinglikemusicandwhichbytheirpositionandassociationcanmovementotears.Weshouldthereforelearntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyandvulgar.总之，真正的诗人是文字的掌握着。他可以用音乐般的词汇来表达自己的意思，这些词汇凭借其所用环境和联系性能让人感动得流泪。因此，我们应该学会仔细选择所用词汇并准确使用，否则会使我们说的话可笑又粗俗。,6.Theoriginoflanguageis_.A.alegendhandeddownfromthepastB.amatterthatishiddenorsecretC.aquestiondifficulttoanswerD.aproblemnotyetsolved7.Whatistrueaboutwords?A.Theyareusedtoexpressfeelingsonly.B.Theycannotbewrittendown.C.Theyaresimplysounds.D.Theyaremysterious.,8.Therealpowerofwordsliesintheir_.A.propertiesB.characteristicsC.peculiarityD.representativefunction9.By“association”,theauthormeans_.A.aspecialqualityB.ajoiningofideasinthemindC.anappearancewhichispuzzlingD.astrangefeature,10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherealpoetisNOTtrue?A.Heisnomorethanamasterofwords.B.Hecanconveyhisideasinwordswhichsinglikemusic.C.Hecanmovementotears.D.Hisstyleisalwayscharming.,Passage2Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyareexcessivelyconcernedwiththeirownappearanceandactions.Worrisomethoughtsareconstantlyoccurringintheirminds:whatkindofimpressionamImaking?Dotheylikeme?DoIsoundstupid?AmIwearingunattractiveclothes?羞怯是许多人不快乐的原因。害羞的人焦虑不安，自我意识强，也就是说，他们过分在意自己的形象和行为。焦虑时常萦绕在他们的脑海中：我给人留下了什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我让人觉得很傻吗?我的穿着是否不吸引人?,Itisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustnegativelyaffectpeople.Apersonsconceptionofhimselforherselfisreflectedinthewayheorshebehaves,andthewayapersonbehavesaffectsotherpeoplesreactions.Ingeneral,thewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasaprofoundeffectonallareasoftheirlives.显而易见，这种不舒适的感觉必然给人们带来了不利的影响。一个人的自我意识反映在他或她的行为上，而一个人的行为会影响他人的反应。一般而言，人们认识自己的方式对他们的生活的方方面面有深远的影响。,Shypeople,havinglowself-esteem,arelikelytobepassiveandeasilyinfluencedbyothers.Theyneedreassurancethattheyaredoing“therightthing.”Shypeopleareverysensitivetocriticism;theyfeelitconfirmstheirfeelingsofinferiority.羞怯的人非常自卑，他们可能很被动，容易受他人的影响。他们需要得到他人的再次确认：他们所做的是“正确的事情”。羞怯的人对批评很敏感，他们认为批评使得他们更低人一等。,Theyalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedbycomplimentwithastatementlikethisone,“Yourejustsayingthattomakemefeelgood.Iknowitsnottrue.”Itisclearthatwhileself-awarenessisahealthyquality,overdoingitisharmful.他们也发现自己很难因为受到类似的表扬而高兴，如：你刚才所说的使我感觉很好。我知道那不是真的。很明显，尽管具有自知之明是件好事，但过度自谦则是有害的。,Canshynessbecompletelyeliminated,oratleastreduced?Fortunately,peoplecanovercomeshynesswithdeterminedandpatienteffortsinbuildingself-confidence.Sinceshynessgoeshandinhandwithalackofself-esteems,itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessaswellastheirstrengths.羞怯能根除吗?或至少能减少些吗?幸运的是，许多人能通过坚决而有耐心地建立自信来克服羞怯。既然羞怯与自卑天生相伴，那么人们能看见他们的优缺点是很重要的。,Eachoneofusisaunique,worthwhileindividual,interestedinourownpersonalways.Thebetterweunderstandourselves,theeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourfullpotential.Letsnotallowshynesstoblockourchancesforarichandfulfillinglife.每一个人都是独一无二的，都有其价值所在。我们对我们自己个人的方式感兴趣。我们了解自己越多，我们就越容易充分发挥自己的潜能。不要让羞怯妨碍我们实现富裕而有成效的人生。,11.Whatdoestheauthortrytoprovebyciting“whatkindofimpressionamImaking?”A.Shypeoplebenefitfromtheircaringabouttheirappearance.B.Peoplesshynessmadethemcaretoomuchabouttheirappearanceandactions.C.Itsnaturalthatshypeopledontbelieveotherscompliments.D.Shypeoplethinktheyaredifferentfromothers.,12.Accordingtothewriter,self-awarenessis_.A.agoodqualityB.thecauseofunhappinessC.harmfultopeopleD.aweakpointofshypeople13.Whenbeingpraised,shypeoplefeelthatitis_.A.goodB.unrealC.veryreasonableD.harmful,14.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Shynesshelpsustodevelopourpotential.B.Shynessenablesustounderstandourselvesbetter.C.Shynesscanblockourchancesforarichlife.D.Shynesshasnothingtodowithlackofself-esteem.15.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatshypeople_.A.shouldfindmoreoftheirweaknessB.shouldunderstandthemselvesintherightwayC.hadbetterignoretheirweaknessD.cangetridoftheirshynesswhilemaintaininglowself-esteem,PartIII:（词汇与结构）,16.Apoliceofficerclaimedthattheyoungmanhadattemptedto_payinghisfare.A.avoidB.rejectC.refuseD.neglect有些及物动词只能用动名词作宾语，如：understand（理解），admit（承认），keep（on）（继续），practise（练习），finish（完成），imagine（想象），miss（错过，避免），avoid（避免），escape（逃避），suggest（建议），dislike（讨厌），enjoy（喜欢），mind（介意），appreciate（感激）等;,例题：1）Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating2)Thethieftookawaythewomanswalletwithout_.A)beingseenB)seeingC)himseeingD)seeinghim短语：beworth（值得），bebusy(忙着），payattentionto（注意），objectto（反对），canthelp（情不自禁），devoteoneselfto（致力于），putoff（推迟），be/getusedto（习惯于），feellike（想要），lookforwardto（盼望），spenddoing(花做某事），how/whatabout（怎么样），Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth(做某事毫无意义)等+doing,例3）Heisverybusy_hispapers.Heisfartoobusy_callers.A)towrite.toreceiveB)writing.toreceiveC)writing.receivingD)towrite.forreceiving4)AccordingtoarecentU.S.surveychildrenspendupto25hoursaweek_TV.AtowatchB.towatchingC.watchingD.watch5）Mr.Readmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup,17.WhileIwasintheuniversity,Ilearnedtakingaphoto,_isveryusefulnowforme.A.itB.whichC.thatD.what又例：1）Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2）Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it,考察定语从句,3）Illfindanicegirl,_Iwanttomarry.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which4）Illcomeatten,_Illbefree.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.what5）Shehastwobrothers,_areteachers.A.whoB.thatC.whomD./18.Thiskindofmaterialexpands_thetemperatureincreasing.A.toB.forC.withD.atWith表示“随着”：Skillcomeswithexperience.经验越多，技巧越熟练。Goodwinewillimprovewithage.佳酿越陈越醇。,19.Peopleatthepartyworriedabouthim,becausenoonewasaware_hehadgone.A.ofwhereB.oftheplacewhereC.whereD.theplacebeawareof意识到，对某人/某事知道20.Asuddennoiseofafire-enginemadehim_tothedoor.A.hurryingB.hurriedC.hurryD.tohurry,PartV：英翻汉（满分15分）请把下列3句英文翻译成中文。31Transistorsaresmallinsizeandlightinweight.32.Johnandhisbrotherdifferinpersonalityeveniftheirdifferencesinagearenotsignificant.33.Ifyoudecidedtolearnanewlanguage,youwouldhavetodedicateyourselfwholeheartedlytothecause.31晶体管的体积小，重量轻。32尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。33如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。,PartVI：写作要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。CanMoneyBuyHappiness？1.不同的人对金钱能买来幸福持有不同观点。2.我的观点,CanMoneyBuyHappiness？Canmoneybuyhappiness？Theanswervariesamongpeople.Somebelievethatmoneyisthesourceofhappiness,becausemoneyprovidesfoodforthehungry,medicineforthesick,andclothesfortheneedy.Whileothersholdthatmoneyistherootofevils,becauseitisthedevilofmoneythatdrivesapersontolie,cheat,stealandworstofall,tomurder.Inmyopinion,moneyisessentialtobeingwell-off,butnotnecessarilytowell-being.Happinessisastateofmind,notsomethingthatcanbebought.,大学英语（B）模拟试题Test9部分解析,PartI:交际用语,_.Well,theygottherelastWednesday.Soaboutaweek.A.WhendidyourparentsarriveatParis?B.HowlonghaveyourparentsbeeninParis?C.DidyourparentsarriveatParislastWednesday?D.WhenwillyourparentsgotoParis?2.Howoftendoyougodancing?_A.Iwillgodancingtomorrow.B.Yesterday.C.Everyotherday.D.Ivebeendancingforayear.,询问,提问,PartI:交际用语,3.Hello,mayItalktothedirectornow?_A.Sorry,heisbusyatthemoment.B.No,youcant.C.Sorry,youcantD.Idontknow.4.HowaboutgoingtodinnerattheMexicanrestauranttonight?_A.Forgetit.B.Sorry,IlikeMexicanfood.C.Thatsgreat!D.Gladyoulikeit.,打电话用语,询问/表达看法,PartI:交际用语,5.Madam,doallthebusesgodowntown?_A.Wow,yougottheidea.B.No,nevermind.C.Prettywell,Iguess.D.Sorry,Imnewhere.,问路,PartII:阅读理解,WhenJohnandVictoriaFallsarrivedinNewYorkCityforone-yearstay,theydidnotbringverymanythingswiththem.Theyhadplannedeithertoliveinafurnishedapartmentortobuyusedfurniture.Buttheysoonlearnedaboutanewsystemthatmoreandmorepeopleareusing.当John和VictoriaFalls到达纽约开始他们的一年生活时，他们没有随身带很多东西。他们计划要么住在装修好的公寓里，要么买些旧家具。但是他们很快了解到越来越多的人正在采用的一种新的方式。,Therentingofhomefurnishings(bed,tables,dishes,andsoon)hasbecomeoneofAmericasfastestgrowingbusinesses.租用家具（如窗，桌子，盘子等等）已经成为美国发展最快的行业之一。Whatkindsofpeoplerenttheirhomefurnishingsinsteadofbuyingthem?Peoplewhoareinternationalbusinessorgovernmentofficials,foreignstudents,airlineworkers,youngmarriedcouplepeoplewhosejoborbusinessmayforcethemtomovefrequentlyfromonecitytoanother.什么样的人是租用家具而不是买家具的呢？从事国际商务的人，政府官员，外国学生，航空公司工作人员，刚结婚的年轻夫妇-那些由于工作而被迫频繁来往不同的城市的人。,Theysavealotoftroubleandthecostofmovingtheirfurnitureeachtime.Theysimplyrentnewfurniturewhentheyreachtheirnewhomes.Youngpeoplewithlittlemoneydonotwanttobuycheapfurniturethattheymaysoondislike.他们可以省去每次搬家具的麻烦和费用。他们到一个新家的时候，只需租新的家具就好了。收入少的年轻人不想买那些他们可能很快就不喜欢的便宜家具。Theyprefertowaituntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyfurniturethattheyreallylike.Meanwhile,theyfindtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.他们宁愿等到有钱时买他们真正喜欢的家具。同时，他们发现他们可以租比他们买得起的质量更好的家具。,Onefamily,whonowhavealarge,beautifulhomeoftheirown,likedtheirrentedfurnituresomuchthattheydecidedtokeeprentingitinsteadofbuyingnewthings.Butusuallypeopledontliketotellothersaboutit.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew,andtheyarenotsurewhattheirneighborsmightthink.(248words)有个家庭，他们有属于自己的大而漂亮的房子，可是他们太喜欢租来的家具了以至于他们决定继续租用而不买新的家具。但是人们通常不喜欢告诉别人这些。租家具的想法还是很新的，他们不能确定邻居们对此会怎么想。,6.WhichofthefollowinghasbecomeoneofAmericasfastestgrowingbusinesses?_A.Sellinghomefurnishings.B.Rentingfurnishedapartments.C.Sellingusedfurniture.D.Rentinghomefurnishings.7.Whydosomepeopleprefertorentfurniture?_A.Becausethefurnituretheygetinthiswayisnew.B.Becauseitsavesthemalotofmoney.C.Becauseitsavesthemmuchtroubleandmoney.D.Becausetheycanalwaysgetbetterqualityfurnitureinthisway.,8.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?_A.Theideaofrentingfurnitureisnotacceptable.B.Rentingfurnitureisnotpopularinthecoupleshometown.C.Onlythosewhodonthaveenoughmoneytorentfurniture.D.Peopleusuallygrowtolikethefurnituretheyhaverented.,9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A.RentorBuy?B.ANewWayofGettingHomeFurnishings.C.FurnishedApartments.D.ANewIdea.10.Youngpeoplelikedrentinghomefurnitureinthat_.A.TheyhavelessmoneyB.TheydontwanttobuyoldfurnitureC.ThenewfurnitureisofgoodqualityD.Theydonthavemuchmoneyanddontwanttobuythecheapfurniture,Passage2AcharacteristicofAmericanculturethathasbecomealmostatraditionistorespecttheself-mademanthemanwhohasrisentothetopthroughhisownefforts,usuallybeginningbyworkingwithhishands.美国文化的一个特点，并且几乎成为美国的一项传统的是对自我奋斗的人的尊敬通过自己的努力到达顶峰，通常是白手起家。,Whiletheleaderinbusinessorindustryorthecollegeprofessoroccupiesahighersocialpositionandcommandsgreaterrespectinthecommunitythanthecommonlaboreroreventheskilledfactoryworker,hemaytakepains（努力，尽力）topointoutthathisfatherstartedlifeinAmericaasafarmerorlaborerofsomesort.工商界的领袖和大学教授在美国享有很高的地位，相比工人阶层而言，他们更受社会的尊重，即便如此，他们也多会自豪地说他们的父辈曾做过农场工人或类似的职业等等。,Thisattitudetowardmanual（体力的）laborisnowstillseenmanyaspectsofAmericanlife.Oneisinvitedtodinneratahomethatisnotonlycomfortablybutevenluxuriously（豪华地）furnishedandinwhichthereiseveryevidenceofthefactthefamilyhasbeenabletoaffordforeigntravel,expensivehobbies,andcollegeeducationforthechildren;这种对体力劳动的尊敬在美国生活的很多地方都能看到。一个人被邀请到一户家庭赴宴，这户家庭装潢不只舒适，可以说是豪华，处处可证明这家人支付的起国外旅行，奢侈的爱好和孩子的大学教育。,yetthehostessprobablywillcookthedinnerherself,willserveitherselfandwillwashdishesafterward,furthermorethedinnerwillnotconsistmerelyofsomethingquicklyandeasilyassembledfromcontentsofvariouscansandacakeorapieboughtatthenearbybakery.但是这样的女主人很有可能自己做饭招待客人，然后洗刷餐具，并且这样的宴会不会仅仅提供快餐式的罐头食品，从附近面包房买的蛋糕或派。,Onthecontrary,thehostessusuallytakesprideincarefulpreparationofspecialdishes.Aprofessionalmaytalkaboutwashingthecar,digginginhisflowerbeds,paintingthehouse.Hiswifemayevenhelpwiththesethings,justasheoftenhelpsherwiththedishwashing.Thesonwhoisawayatcollegemaywaitontableandwashdishesforhisliving,orduringthesummerhemayworkwithaconstructiongangonahighwayinordertopayforhiseducation.相反的，女主人通常为精心准备特别的菜肴而感到自豪。男主人会谈论自己如何洗车，在花房劳作，粉刷房子，他的儿子在外地上大学，做餐厅侍应生，洗盘子来供自己生活花费，或者暑假的时候为建筑队在高速公路工作赚钱付学费。,11.Fromparagraph1,weknowthatinAmerica_.A.peopletendtohaveahighopinionoftheself-mademanB.peoplecanalwaysrisetothetopthroughtheirowneffortsC.collegeprofessorswingreatrespectfromcommonworkersD.peoplefeelpainfultomentiontheirfathersaslabors12.Accordingtothepassage,thehostesscooksdinnerherselfmainlybecause_.A.servantsinAmericanarehardtogetB.shetakesprideinwhatshecandoherselfC.shecanhardlyaffordservantsD.Itiseasytoprepareamealwithcannedfood,13.Theexpression“waitontable”inthesecondparagraphmeans“_”.A.workinafurnitureshopB.keepaccountsforabarC.waittolaythetableD.servecustomersinarestaurant14.Theauthorsattitudetowardsmanual（体力的）laboris_.A.positiveB.negativeC.humorousD.critical,15.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ARespectableSelf-madeFamily.B.AmericanAttitudetowardManualLabor.C.CharacteristicsofAmericanCulture.D.TheDevelopmentofManualLabor.,PartIII:（词汇与结构）,16.Onaverage,asuccessfullawyerhastotalktoseveral_aday.A.customersB.supportersC.guestsD.clientscustomer顾客消费者supporter支持者guest客人client客户17.Whatisthetrain_toBirmingham?A.feeB.tipC.fareD.costfee:费用（学费，会费等），酬金tip:小费fare:(火车，汽车等交通)费用cost:成本，价钱，代价,18.Youshouldnt_yourtimelikethat,Bob;youhavetofinishyourschoolworktonight.A.cutB.doC.killD.kick19.Boththekidsandtheirparents_English,Ithink.Iknowitfromtheiraccent.A.isB.beenC.areD.was考察主谓一致,1）-Areyouallhere?-Allbutone_herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereall做“全部(物)”解时，谓语动词用单数形式，做“所有（人）”解时，谓语动词用复数形式。2）Alotofmoneyaswellasmanytents_tothehomelesspeople.A.isofferedB.areofferedC.haveofferedD.hasoffered此句真正的主语是alotofmoney，而不是manytents，即aswellas后的成分不被算做是主语，所以谓语用单数形式，,主谓一致例题,3）Whenandwheretobuiltthefactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided.两个疑问词加不定式在句中做主语表一件事的两个侧面，谓语动词用单数形式，又因该句是被动句，故A为正确答案。4）Halfofthestudents_madethesamemistake.A.hasB.haveC.isD.arehalfof,allof,apartof,mostof,alotof,therestof,分数词+of等短语，通常由of后面的名词、代词决定谓语动词的单复数形式。,专题辅导-主谓一致,5）EitherJimorI_toblame.A.tobeB.amC.areD.is这里与谓语临近的主语是代词I，所以系动词要用am，由连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,nor连接的两个名词或代词，谓语的形式要用就近原则。20.Neverbefore_seesuchaterriblecaraccidentontheroad!A.IhaveB.haveIC.IdidD.didI考察“倒装结构”,倒装是指将句子的谓语动词或其助动词放在主语之前。Look!Herecomesthebus.（全部倒装）OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.（部分倒装）常用倒装的两种情况1出于句子结构的需要（1）在as,though引导的让步状语从句中，从句往往放在主句的前面，而且从句须以形容词、名词或动词（原形）等开头。,倒装结构,Childashewas,hecouldspeakfivelanguages.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.（2）代词so,neither,nor等副词置于句首时,表示“也(不/没有)”全句要倒装e.g.TomcanspeakEnglish.SocanJack.汤姆会讲英语，杰克也会Tomhasntseenthefilm.NeitherhaveI.2出于强调never,seldom,little,nor,hardly(when),scarcely(when),nosooner(than),notonly,notuntil等表示否定的