高三英语语法复习定语从句中应注意的几个问题.ppt

1.Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.,2.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.,3.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.,4.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.,表语,谓语,状语,主语,主语,谓语,宾语,主语,表语,状语,主语,谓语,分析句子成份,5.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.,谓语,宾语,状语,主语,6.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad,表语,7.Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.,宾语,8.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.,定语,宾补,分析句子成份,HehasasisterwhoKongworksinHong.,定语,Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.,状语,Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.,结果状语,分析句子成份,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.,HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.,ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.,HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.,1.他们清早一起去打猎.,2.他在北京拍了很多宫殿的照片.,3.今晚将有一场美国电影.,4.他打算明天离开这里去上海.,HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.,Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.,Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.,Henoticedamanentertheroom.,他发现掌握英语很重要.,他注意到一个人进了房间.,保持教室的干净和整洁是我们的责任.,老实说,你的发音不是很好.,他坐在那儿,看着报纸.,高考复习指导定语从句中应注意的几个问题,(安徽卷)34.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom.(江苏卷)33.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat(上海卷)37.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it(浙江卷)14.ChansrestaurantonBakerStreet,_usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where,D,A,A,B,一、引导定语从句的关系词,指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that所属关系whose，ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why,二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。,All_canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?Thereislittle_canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesntsaymuch_amuseschildren.,that,that,that,that,先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。,Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_Iveeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.,that,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.Nosample_wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation_youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_waspresentatthetime.,that,that,that,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.,that,that,先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.,Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?,that,that,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。,Welldone!,三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况,Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,_Ihaventmetforalongtime.,which,which,who,whom,在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。,Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。,注意：如何判断介词,Thegirl_whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_whomIthinkyoucandepend.,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,on,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,_allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.,with,in,3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,Therate_whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.,at,inthefrontof,Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof_waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_Idontunderstand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom,Comeon！,Where引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句。Where在从句中作状语。,Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.Illshowyouthepaintwhereyoufailed.,Theplantsgrowwell_thereisalotofrain.,where,状语从句,注意1,区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句,Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。,Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.,定语从句,状语从句,注意2,若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Thelibrary_studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary_youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.,where,which,which,When引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句。在从句作状语。,Illneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBeijing.Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewontbebusy.,注意：,若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentoncampus.Illneverforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.,when,whichthat,whichthat,why引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。,Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.,Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.,whichthat,whose引导的定语从句。,表示所属关系。,Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.,whose,Thereareinthisclass20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,引导词的作用你明白了吗？,1、连接主句和从句；2、替代先行词；3、在从句中充当成分。,As和Which的区别,1.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_peopleexpected.2.Heisnotthesameman_hewas.,3.Wemovedthestoneawayfromtheroad,_tookusanhour.4.Hediedofcancer,_isexpected.,as,which,as,as,7.Hemadealongspeech,_wasexpected.8.Hemadealongspeech,_wasunexpected.9.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,_hiswifedoesntlikeatall.,which,which,as,5.HemustbefromCanada,_isclearfromhisbooks.6.Heinvitedmetodinner,_waskindofhim.,which,as,such+名词+as+从句thesame+名词+as+从句,像、一样的，像、之类,和、同类的,as在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。,Which代替前面的句子，表示“这一点，这件事”As代替前面的句子，表示“正如，好像”,当从句是主系表结构时：As：主句是一种判断，从句说明理由（因为）Which：主句是一个事实，从句是一种评价。,当主句和从句语义一致时，用as当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时，用which,考场思维训练,1.AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when2.Ineverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.A.thatB.whenC.whoseD.what3.Haveyouseenthefilm“BrokenbackMountain”,_leadingactorisworldfamous?A.itsB.itsC.whoseD.which,B,A,C,4.Thisisthebook_Ipaidtenyuan.A.forwhichB.forthatC.whichD.offwhich5.TheteacherdiscussedwithJim,_problemwaspoorstudyhabits.A.oneofwhichB.oneofwhoseC.whoseD.which6.Thegentleman_youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom,A,B,C,7.Therearetwobuildings,_standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich8.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom9.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where,D,D,C,10.Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when11.Doyouknowthegirlto_yourclassteacheristalking?A.thatB.whomC.whoD.which12.Thefactory_hismotherworksisintheeastofthecity.A.ThatB.whichC.onwhichD.where,C,B,D,13.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB.不填C.whichD.it14.Herhandwasstruckoutofthesecondstorywindow,_shecouldpicktheapplesonthetree.A.ThereB.fromwhereC.inwhichD.fromwhich15.Tomaswellashisfriendswho_footballmatches_toschooltoday.A.likes,hasntgoneB.likes,haventgoneC.like,hasntgoneD.like,haventgone,A,B,C,将引导词放入定语从句中，看其充当的成分，如果充当主、宾、表，用关系代词；如果充当状语，用关系副词。根据其在从句中的搭配选择相应的介词+which。,根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词,决不要因为先行词是时间名词就用when,是地点名词就用where.,解题要领:,选择引导词的总原则：,ABC,定语从句的运用:AlettertoTom我收到了你上周的来信.谢谢你寄的照片.我常常想起我们一起度过的时光.那座顶上有只海鸥的纪念碑真漂亮.你还记得那个湖吗?我们在那还照过一张相呢.和我们一起玩的那些小朋友还好吗?另外,我有一本绿色封面的书丢在你那了.