自考高级英语上册L.ppt

,Lesson6,AGoodChance,(byElizabethCook-Lynn),DanceswithWolves,Background,AmericanIndian,IndianAmerican,Background,AmericanIndianIndigenouspeoplesoftheAmericasNativeAmericans,IndianAmericanareAmericanswhohaveancestorsfromIndiaEg.ChineseAmericans:representAmericansofChinesedescent.,Background,NativeAmericansintheUnitedStatesaretheindigenous（本土的）peoplesinNorthAmericawithintheboundariesofthepresent-daycontinentalUnitedStates,includingpartsofAlaskaandtheislandstateofHawaii.Theyarecomposedofnumerous,distincttribes,states,andethnicgroups（民族）ThetermsusedtorefertoNativeAmericansarecontroversial;accordingtoa1995USCensusBureausetofhomeinterviews,mostoftherespondentswithanexpressedpreferencerefertothemselvesasAmericanIndiansorIndians.,(ElizabethCook-Lynn)(born1930inFortThompson,SouthDakota)isaneditor,essayist,poet,novelist,andacademic,whosetrenchant(尖锐的，鲜明的）viewsonNativeAmericanpolitics,particularlytribalsovereignty（部落主权）,havecausedcontroversy.,本文选自印第安人女作家伊丽莎白库克-林创作的反映印第安人生活的同名小说。印第安人在美国倍受歧视，多数仍生活在政府为他们划定的、边远贫瘠的居留地内。六七十年代，在轰轰烈烈的黑人民权运动的影响下，印第安人也掀起了反对种族歧视、争取合法权益的斗争。1968年美国印第安人争取民权的战斗组织“美国印第安人运动”正式成立，要求经济独立，复兴传统文化，保护合法权利，特别是印第安人部落的地区自制和恢复他们认为被非法剥夺的土地。当时印第安人为抗议政府违反协议，占领了阿尔卡特拉斯岛AlcatrazIsland（19691971），并于1972年向华盛顿进军，占领了印第安人事务局的办公大楼。各地印第安人的民权运动如火如荼。故事的主人公、年轻的印第安人喜鹊的思想也产生了很大变化，他从向往到大学学习、进入主流社会，发展到积极参加民权运动、抗议政府对印第安人的歧视。喜鹊思想的变化和他被无故枪杀，不能不引起我们对美国所标榜的“人权”、“自由”、“平等”的深思。,NativeAmericanoccupation,AlcatrazIslandisanislandlocatedintheSanFranciscoBay,1.5miles(2.4km)offshorefromSanFrancisco,California.TheOccupationofAlcatrazwasanoccupationofAlcatrazIslandbythegroupIndiansofAllTribes(IAT).TheAlcatrazOccupationlastedfornineteenmonths,fromNovember20,1969,toJune11,1971,andwasforciblyendedbytheU.S.government.,CusterCountySouthDakota,CusterCity,Oklahoma,Discuss,1.Puttingallthepoliticalandeconomicissuesaside,whichsideareyouin,theIndiansorthewhites?2.DoesthereexistanysimilarsituationinChinaishistory?Explain.3.Whatistherealsituationinthesedays?WhatdoyouthinkofDalaiLama?,Wordsandexpressions,1.abridgedAdj.删节的节略的Abridgev.删减删节缩短（stay）Abridgmentn.节略本删节本Inthedecadesafterhisdeath,threesuccessiveversionsappearedthatwerevariouslysanitized,abridgedandtidiedup,1.agitate:vt.tomakesbfeelangry,anxiousornervous使焦虑不安，困扰Thisremarkseemstoagitateherguest.vi.for/againststh:toarguestronglyforsthyouwant,especiallyforchangesinalaw,insocialcondition.etc.（尤指为法律和社会状况的改变而）激烈争论、鼓动、煽动Thispoliticalgrouphasbeenagitatingforsocialreforms.Anattempttoagitateforliberalreforms,coupledwithgrowingdissatisfactioninthemonarchy,ledtoanoutbreakofdemonstrationsagainsttheKingin1848.Adj.agitated:焦虑不安的，激动的n.agitation焦虑不安,3.bloodshot,shotV.射击(shoot)射门投篮N。发射、射击GiveitsshotAbigshot,Briefcase公事包,BackpackPouch/wallet/purseTravellingbagBriefcaseTotebag大手提袋LadybagHandbagWaistbag,Pencilcase/boxShoulderbagsGarmentbagTrolley/uprightsTrolleybackpack双肩背包,Creek小溪小河（泛指）Spring泉水Stream小河小溪（山涧）Brook细细溪流River,Pondfishpond（长草长鱼-人工造成）Poolswimmingpool(清澈透明-人工天然)LakeResevoir蓄水池SeaOcean,5.embitter:makebitterandangry使.怨恨.Beingscoldedwithoutgoodreasonsembitteredhim.让人无端责骂,他感到一腔怨气。enable使能够encase将.装入箱中enchant施以魔法,使着迷embody具体体现empower授权authorize,Freak畸形的人动植物现象,犹豫不决,V.HesitateN.hesitationAdj.hesitantAdv;hesitantlyHesitateindoingsth/todosthAstheirnameindicates,kingsnakeseatothersnakestheydonothesitatetoattack,killandconsumerattlesnakes,7.intentadj.专注的坚决的专心的（comparative,superlative?）N。意图目的含义IwassointentonmyworkthatIdidntnoticethetime.uc.=intentionShesfullofgoodintentions（intent)buttheyrarelyworkout.Idoitoutofgoodintent.=endIntendtodo想要做intendfor打算Ifullyintendedtopayforthedamage.,Noncommitally不置可否地,IndecisiveCommitVt.犯罪、做错事、指派、委托，使承担义务Theoldmancommittedhiswilltothecareofthelawyer.Somanychildrenwhocommitviolentcrimeshavethemselvesbeenbrutalizedbyyearsofabuseandneglect.Committodosth承诺做某事N.Commitment承诺保证委托承担义务献身Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutofcommitment.Becommittedtosth/doingsth.Iamcommittedtofixingourbrokenimmigrationsysteminawaythatupholdsourtraditionsasanationoflaws,butalsoasanationofimmigrants.,假释Parole(v.n.):permissionthatisgiventoaprisonertoleaveprisonbeforetheendoftheirsentenceonconditionthattheprisonerhasbehavedwell.Onparole在假释中parolehearing保释Bail（v.n.）:moneythatsbagreestopayifapersonaccusedofacrimedoesnotappearbeforetheirtrial.Whenbailhasbeenarranged,theaccusedpersonisallowedtogofreeuntilthetrial.Bailsbout.保释某人，搭救，,假释VS保释,Shitty,Adj.1.卑劣的下贱的2.不幸的令人不快的3.极坏的悲惨的CF,SF,9.tentative:a)notdefiniteorcertain,becauseyoumaywanttochangeyourmind.不确定的，暂定的；试探性的;试验性的Wefixedatentativedateforthemeeting.Tentativeconclusion初步结论Tentativestandard暂行标准b)unsure,hesitant犹豫，踌躇不决的atentativenod迟疑的点头,TextAnalysis,WhydidIwanttofindMagpie?DidAmeliathinkthatMagpiewouldaccepttheofferfromtheuniversity?WhathappenedtoMagpieduringtheyearswhenthenarratorandMagpiewereoutoftouchwitheachother?WhoisElgie?DidElgiethinkthatMagpiemightwanttoacceptthescholarship?Whatmadehimthinkso?WhathappenedtoMagpieintheend?,TextAnalysis,1.itsnotuptometosay.Beuptosbtodosth应由某人做某事Translate:该由朱丽叶自己决定要不要嫁给罗密欧，父母应该做的不应该是干涉子女的婚姻决定而是提供支持和帮助。,2.(be)infor:begoingtoexperiencesthsoon,especiallysthunpleasant.必定会经历，少不了受到、即将遭受（不愉快的事）淘气的男孩免不了要挨打。Thenaughtyboyisinforabeating.看那样子,似乎我们免不了要遇到暴风雨天气。Itlooksasifwereinforstormyweather.,3.reference:参考提及引用V.referRefertosb/sth(assb/sth):tomentionorspeakabout我们提到李宇春，总是称呼她为“纯爷们”.WealwaysrefertoLiYuchunas“thetrueman”.Refertosb/sth:todescribedortobeconnectedwithsth描述、涉及、与。相关Theterm“Arts”usuallyreferstohumanitiesandsocialsciences.Arts一词通常指的是人文和社会科学Tolookatsthorasksbforinformation参考、征询refertothedictionaryreferencebookreferenceperson,4.ingoodspirits:情绪很好spirits:pluralmoodwithregardtogreathappinessorgreatsadnessIhopeyouwillbeinbetterspiritswhenwemeetagain.我希望我们下次见面时你情绪会好些。HeissodepressedthatIwonderwhocouldlifthisspirits.他非常沮丧,我不知谁能帮他振作起来。Inhigh/lowspiritmood,5.Whydontyoujustleaveitalonenow?,Leavesborsthalone不管别惹别碰Shutup,justleavemealone,Ineedtothink.Leave/letalonesth更不必说，更不消说,更别提InoldChinatherewashardlyanymachine-buildingindustry,leavealoneanautomobileindustry.Itswaterissocontaminatedthatinsomeareasitisunsafeeventotouch,letaloneuseforirrigationordrinking.,6.SentenceN.句子判刑V.判刑Afive-yearsentenceAsentenceoffiveyearsDeathsentenceLifelongimprisonmentBesentencedtosth被判处Lifelongimprisonment/death,7.knowofhiswhereabouts知道他的下落.a)knowof=knowabout:haveheardabout听说过,知道Idontknowhim,butIknowofhim.我不认识他,但知道有这个人。b)whereabouts:theplacewhereapersonorthingis下落,去向Hiswhereaboutsare/isstillunknown.他仍下落不明。,8.settle+sb/oneselfTomakeyourselforsbcomfortableinanewposition使处于舒适的位置Hesettledhimselfcomfortablyinhisusualchair.Isettledthebabyonthesofaandputablanketoverher.Pleasesettleyourbillbeforeleavingthehotel.Hisgazesettledonherface.settledowninGuangzhousettleadispute,9.inch:tomoveortomakesthmoveveryandcarefullyinaparticulardirection.谨慎移动Patrol:巡逻，巡查Patrolman.巡逻官,AphotoofmymothersAphotoofmymotherthemomentIwalkedintotheclassroom,everyonesmilestome.mean,10Alwaystentativeaboutlettingyouknowwhathewasreallythinking，Elgiesaid，“Yeah？”ButSalinawouldntlethimgetawaysononcommittally，“Elgie，”shescoffed.“Youknowhewouldntgo！”埃尔吉总是犹豫着是否让别人了解到他的真正想法，他问道，“是吗？”可莎琳娜却不想让他就这么不置可否。“埃尔吉，”她嘲弄道，“你知道他是不会去的！”,11.getawayThereisameetingafterwork,butIshouldbeabletogetawaybyseven.WearehopingtogetawayafewdaysatChristmas.DontbetempedtocheatintheexamYoullnevergetawaywithit.12.scoff/mockat:嘲笑,嘲弄,13.gofor:tochoosesth.Relievereliefbelievebelieftobeattractedbysth/sb,tolikeorprefersborsth.Toputalotofeffortintosth,sothatyougetorachievesth.Goforit!,.surveillancetheactofcarefullywatchingapersonsuspectedofacrimeoraplacewhereacrimemaybecommitted.surveillancecamera监控摄像头,.isolateTheUShassoughttoisolateCubabotheconomicallyandpolitically.Thecityhasbeenisolatedbyrecentflooding.isolatedsunsetsunriseIsolationrelatedWhatdoyouthinkthebestchoiceisYouthinkthebestchoiceisXXX,Somekeypointsaboutthelastclass:11.(At)onetimewhen,weendedup2.WhatdoyouthinkitwouldbelikeforhimatthatuniversityinCalifornia?YouthinkitwouldbelikeXXforhimatthatuniversityinCalifornia.WhatwoulditbelikeforhimatthatuniversityinCalifornia?WhatdoyouthinkitwouldbelikeforhimatthatuniversityinCalifornia?你认为什么是最好的选择？Whatdoyouthinkthebestchoiceis?混合疑问句的句式：特殊疑问词doyouthink（或其他表示心里活动的词）陈述语序“陈述语序”非常重要。,convictConvict:v.toproveorannouncethatsomeoneisguiltyofacrimeafteratrial.证明有罪convictsbofsth他被判有诈骗罪(fraud)Hewasconvictedoffraud.n.someonewhohasbeenprovedtobeguiltyofacrimeandsenttoprison罪犯越狱犯anescapedconvict,.exile:toforcesomeonetoleavetheircountry,especiallyforpoliticalreasonsn.流放(in,gointo,beforcedinto)Afteralongperiodofforcedexilehereturnedtorulehiscountryagain.被迫流亡国外很长一段时间后，他回国再次执政。（rule)v.流放某人，使某人流亡sb.战后，他被流放国外而其他领导人则被捕入狱。Afterthewar,hewasexiledandotherleadersimprisoned.Putinjail,hung:Hang悬挂，吊；垂落；悬浮;绞死，施以绞刑HanghangedhangedHanghunghungHangyourcoatupthehook.Herhairhungdowntoherwaist.她的长发垂及腰际。Smokehungintheairabovethecity.城市上空烟雾弥漫。Hewasthelastmantobehangedformurderinthiscountry.他是这个国家最后一个因谋杀被处以绞刑的人。,独立主格,名词或者代词加上其他成分（分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语）构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，在意思上依附于整个句子，具有一下四个特点：1.作用相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况。2.独立逐个结构可置于句首也可以放在句尾。3.独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句中语法主语不同，不指同一个人或同一事物。4.主要用于书面英语。,名词或者代词加上其他成分（分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语）构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，在意思上依附于整个句子。Miserablemisery1.with/without+名词/代词（宾格）+分词Withoutanymoneyleft,hehadnochoicebuttoborrowsomefromhisfriend.Withhimsittingnexttoher,shefeltsafe.2.名词/代词（主格）(逻辑主语）+分词Homeworkfinished,hewenttobed3.名词(逻辑主语）+介词短语/形容词/副词Bookinhand,theteacherenteredtheclassroom.Hewalkedoutoftheroom,faceredwithanger.,pickup捡起获得收拾学会接某人Theeconomyispickingupthisyear.Letspickupwhereweleftoffyesterday.Illpickyouupatfive.Hewaspickedupbypoliceandtakentothestationforquestioning.GrandmapickedupEnglishwhenshegotravellinginEurope.resistresistanceThebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrate.(抵制；反抗）Hecouldntresistshowingoffhisnewcar.(抵挡不了，忍不住用于否定句）,“Therearethingsaboutthisthough，”Elgiesaid.“Magpieshouldnthavebeenthere，see，becauseitsapartoftheconditionofhisparolethathestaysawayfromfriendsandrelativesandex-convictsandjustabouteverybody.“还有件事”，埃尔吉继续说：“麦格派本不应该在那儿，你知道吗？因为假释的条件之一就是他应该远离他的朋友、亲戚和以前的囚犯，差不多是不能见任何人。,Butthesilencewhichhungabouttheplacefilledmewithapprehension，andwhenwewalkedinthebackdoorwhichhungopen，wesawpeoplestandinginthekitchen.Iaskedcarefully，“Whatswrong？”然而，四周的寂静使我忐忑不安。当我们走进敞着的后门时，看到人们都站在厨房里，我小心翼翼地问道，“出什么事了？,Scold,Iheldthepoemstightlyinmyhands，pressingmythumbs，firstoneandthentheother，againstthesmoothnessofthecardboardfolder.我把麦格派的诗紧紧地握在手里，两个拇指先后把光滑的文件夹狠狠地摁下去。,Scold,8Iheldthepoemstightlyinmyhands，pressingmythumbs，firstoneandthentheother，againstthesmoothnessofthecardboardfolder.我手里紧紧地握着那些诗歌,拇指时不时地交替摁着光滑的硬纸板表面.拇指交替用力按压着硬纸夹光滑的表面.,Question,Whatdoestheendingofthestorytellyou?,THEEND,Exercisec,1.ently8.agitation,ExerciseD,1.SouthAfricausedtobeacountrywhereblackpeopleandwhitepeoplewere(separated,segregated).Separate:todivideorsplitintodifferentparts,ifsomethingseparatestwoplacesortwothings,itisbetweenthemsothattheyarenottouchingeachotherSegregate:toseparateonegroupofpeoplefromothers,especiallybecausetheyareofadifferentrace,sex,orreligion(尤指种族隔离),ExerciseD,2.Theletterfromhersisterso(embittered,agitated)herthatshestayedawakehalfthenight,tryingtothinkofawaytogetbackather.Embitter:tomakesbfeelangryordisappointedaboutsthoveralongperiodoftime使怨愤；使沮丧；使苦恼。Yearsofcaringforheragingparentshadembitteredher.多年来一直照顾她年迈的双亲使她颇有怨言。Agitate:(formal)tomakesomeonefeelanxious,upset,andnervous(激怒，使不安，使激动)Getbackatsb.:todosomethingtohurtorharmsomeonewhohashurtorharmedyou,ExerciseD,3.Youhaventseenhimforoverayear?”hesounded(incredible,incredulous).Incredible:toostrangetobebelievedorverydifficulttobelieve(表示一种怀疑的态度)Incredulous:unableorunwillingtobelievesomething(表示虽然不愿相信但承认事实),ExerciseD,4.Nomatterwhathesaid,theonlyresponsehegotfromhimwasa(noncommittal,tentative)“Isee”Noncommittal:deliberatelynotexpressingyouropinionorintentionsclearly(不明朗的)Tentative:notdefiniteorcertain,andmaybechangedlater;notbehavingordonewithoutconfidence(不确定的，不肯定的，暂定的；踌躇的，犹豫的),ExerciseD,5.Thatplanwastoo(untrue,unrealistic)tobeadopted.Untrue:notbasedonfactsthatarecorrectUnrealistic:unrealisticideasorhopesarenotreasonableorsensible,ExerciseD,6.Whenpeoplelookedathimtoo(intently,tentatively),hefeltveryuncomfortable.Intently:givingcarefulattentiontosomethingsothatyouthinkaboutnothingelseTentatively:notdefiniteorcertain,andmaybechangedlater(暂时,试验性的),ExerciseD,7.Sinceshedidntknowanybodyinthatcity,shewasrather(hesitant,tentative)whenacceptingthejoboffer.Hesitant:uncertainaboutwhattodoorsaybecauseyouarenervousorunwilling【朗文】Slowtospeakoractbecauseyoufeeluncertain,embarrassedorunwilling【牛津】Tentative:notdefiniteorcertain,becauseyoumaywanttochangeyourmind;donewithoutconfidence;【朗文】Notdefiniteorcertain,becauseyoumaywanttochangeitlater;notbehavingordonewithconfidence(这是tentative的