2014年高中英语北师大版必修5同步教学备课资源：《Unit15Learning》SectionⅢ.ppt

SectionLesson4，CommunicationWorkshop&CultureCorner,StepOne：WordsandPhrases.词汇知识1._(vt.)获得，得到2._(adj.)值得的3._(n.)宗教4._(n.)保卫，保护5._(vt.)忽视，不顾,acquire,worthy,religion,defence,ignore,6._(adj.)不情愿的7._(n.)假定，假设8._(vt.)力劝，强烈要求9._(v.)启发；鼓舞，鼓励10._(adj.)传统的，保守的11._(n.)文明12._(adj.)极其重要的13._(adj.)有用的，有益的,unwilling,assumption,urge,inspire,conventional,civilisation,vital,beneficial,14._(vt.)假定，假设15._(vt.)使适应16._(n.)欣赏.重点短语1.beaccustomed_习惯于2.tend_经常做，倾向于3.approve_赞成，赞许4._awhole总的来说,assume,adapt,appreciation,to,to,of,as,StepTwo：Readthetextandfillintheblanks.,acquire,Observe,Goagainst,Fightfor,educate,assumptions,discover,stepout,1acquirevt.学到(知识)；获得,得到；养成(教材P42)Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.我们如何获取知识和理解知识现在似乎很显而易见。,归纳拓展acquireaknowledgeof学会(精通)acquireadegree/diploma获得学位/文凭acquisitionn.获得；习得Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，peoplenowcanacquirefarmoregoods.,随着科技的发展，人们现在能得到的商品要多得多。Welearntoracquiredourmothertonguebycommunicatingwiththepeoplearoundus.我们通过与我们周围的人交流来学习母语.TheperiodoflanguageacquisitionmaybemuchlongerthanChomskyoriginallythought.语言学习需要的时间也许比乔姆斯基最初的设想要长很多。,易混辨析acquire，gain，get，obtain,学以致用用acquire，gain，get，obtain的适当形式填空(1)Theymustmakeaneffortto_thesenewbranchesofknowledge.(2)Throughhardwork，theyfinally_theirrights.,acquire,obtained,(3)Mary_fullmarksinEnglishandMath.(4)I_thenovelfromTomyesterday.,gained,got,2goagainst违背，作对；对不利(教材P42).hewasgoingagainsttheviewsoftheday.他背离了当时的观念。,归纳拓展goahead开始；继续；往前走goinfor从事；参加；喜欢goon发生；继续(干某事)goover复习；检查；查看gothrough做完；用掉；经历；浏览goup涨价，上涨；上升，升级gowithout不吃，没有(供享用)也行,goafter追求，追(捕)，设法得到goby消失，过去Dontgoagainstyourfather.不要违背你的父亲。Theelectionwentagainsthimatfirst，buthewonatlast.选举开始时对他不利，但最终他获胜了。Priceshavegoneupagain.,物价又上涨了。Hewentthroughallthemoneyhisfathergavehim.他把他父亲给他的钱全花光了。,学以致用翻译句子(1)他的做法违背自然法则。_(2)我们不能这样打下去了。_,Thewayhediditgoesagainsttheruleofnature.,Wecantgoonfightinglikethis.,(3)他们再见面时已经过去5年了。_,Fiveyearswentbybeforetheysaweachotheragain.,3defencen.保卫；防御(教材P42).wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.常常被教会惩罚，没人为他们辩护。,归纳拓展indefenceof保护inonesdefence站在某人一边，为某人辩护defenceagainst防御defendv.保卫，防御,Wemustdoallwecantostrengthenournationaldefence.我们必须尽一切努力来加强我国的国防。Treesareadefenceagainstthewind.树能挡风。TheofficersfiredatClarkindefenceoftheirownlives.警察们向克拉克开枪自卫。,学以致用完成句子(1)他找了最好的律师为他辩护。Hefoundthebestlawyer_.(2)他们为了保卫国家献出了自己的生命。Theygavetheirlives_(倾向于)theircountry.,todefendhim,indefenceof,4tendto经常做，倾向于(教材P42)Thechurchandmanypeopletendedtoignorethefactsand.教会及很多人经常忽视事实并且,归纳拓展tendto/towardssth.倾向于；趋向tendtosb.照顾，护理Shetendstogetangryifyouannoyher.如果你使她烦恼，她容易发火。Shetendedtoherpatientscarefully.她仔细照顾着她的病人。Itendtoyouropiniontoacertainextent.一定程度上我倾向于你的观点。,学以致用完成句子(1)Asisoftenthecase，littleboys_(倾向于)beveryactiveandoutofcontrol.(2)People_(倾向于)needlesssleepastheygetolder.,tendto,tendto,5ignorev.忽视；不理睬(教材P42)Thechurchandmanypeopletendedtoignorethefactsandwereunwillingtochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved.教会以及很多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直舒舒服服所相信的一切。,归纳拓展ignoresth./doingsth.忽视某事，对不予理会ignorantadj.无知的，不知道的beignorantofsth.对不了解，对一无所知ignorancen.忽视，不理睬beinentireignoranceof.对完全不知情,AlicesawJackcomingwithabunchofflowerinhishand，butignoredhim.艾丽斯看见杰克拿着一束鲜花走来，但故意不理他。Toignoretheproblemonlymadethematterworse.忽视这个问题只会使事情更糟糕。Heisignorantofeventhesimplerules.他甚至对简单的规则都一无所知。,学以致用完成句子(1)WhenIsawJane，Istoppedandsmiled,butshe_(不理睬)meandwalkedon.(2)IdidntliketoaskhimtoexplainmoreclearlybecauseIdidntwanttoappear_(无知的),ignored,ignorant,6assumptionn.假定，假想(教材P42)Theypreferredtomakeassumptionsabouttheworldbasedontheexperienceofothers.他们宁愿以前人的经验为依据对世界作出假设。,归纳拓展makeanassumption/makeassumptionsabout.对作出假设，假定ontheassumptionthat假定assumevt.假设，假定assumesb./sth.tobe.假定/假设某人某物是,assumethat.假设，认为Itisassumedthat.人们认为，假定Assuming/Supposing/Providedthat.假定/假如Thethirdassumptionmentionedaboveisnotstrictlyaccurate.上述第三个假设并不是完全正确的。,Theprojectwaspredicatedontheassumptionthattheeconomywasexpanding.这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。Assumeyoureright，whatshouldwedonext?假定你是对的，我们下一步该怎么做？,学以致用完成句子(1)你的设想太多了。Youremaking_(2)先假定一定会有人来帮我们，慢慢等吧。Letswait_thatsomeonewillcometohelpus.,toomanyassumptions,ontheassumption,(3)如果再过5分钟他还不来，我们就认为他是不来了。Ifheisnthereinfiveminutes，_heisntcoming.,wellassumethat,7putforward向前移；将提前；将钟拨快；提出；拿出，出示(教材P42)ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseancientviewsastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384322BC)人们愿意相信这些古老的观点也毫不奇怪，因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德提出来的。,归纳拓展putaway储存，收起来放好putdown记下，镇压putoff推迟puton穿上；上演，装出(某种样子)；增加(体重)putout扑灭，熄灭putup挂起，举起，贴，供给住宿,putupwith忍受put/o把译成putonesheartinto.全神贯注于putanendto.结束,Weshallhavetoputthemeetingforward.我们得把会议提前。Putyourwatchforward；itsfiveminutesslow.将你的手表拨快些，它慢了五分钟。Heputforwardaplanforthecommitteetoconsider.他提出一项计划交由全体委员审议。,Hersuddenarrivalputanendtotheirmeeting.她的突然到来使他们的会议终止了。Theyputupaboardwheretheycouldputupnotices.他们竖起了一个他们可以在上面张贴通知的牌子。,学以致用写出下列句子中putforward的意思(1)Whenhegottotheentrance，heputthepassforwardtotheguard._(2)Theyputforwardsomenewideasonthesubject._(3)Whenhewasputtingthechairforward，itbrokedown._,拿出，出示,提出,向前移,8urgevt.敦促；鼓励；极力主张；驱策，促使n.强烈的愿望(教材P42)Atfirst，peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue.起初,人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行.,归纳拓展,Heurgeshissistersstudy.他敦促妹妹学习。Thesenatorurgedagainsttheadoptionofthemeasure.那参议员极力反对采取这项措施。Yourprogresswillurgeustoworkhard.你的进步会促使我们努力学习。Theyurgedonustheneedforcooperation.他们极力向我们强调合作的必要。,学以致用完成句子他们敦促我们给予支持。(1)They_oursupport.(2)They_oursupport.(3)They_that_oursupport.,urgedustogive,urgedusgiving,urged,weshouldgive,9inspirevt.鼓舞，感动(教材P43)ButeventhoughAristotlewasagreatmanwhoinspiredmanygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim，hewaswrongattimes.但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了他以后许多科学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也是错误的。,归纳拓展,Weretryingtoinspirehimwithconfidence.我们正努力鼓舞他的自信心。Weareinspiredtoworkharderbyhisexample.他所树立的榜样激励我们更加努力工作。TheinspiringmusicyouvejustheardwaspartoftheYellowRiverCantata.,你刚才听到的振奋人心的音乐是黄河大合唱的一部分。Hehadaninspirationwhenhewasdoinghisexperiment.他在做实验时突发灵感。,学以致用完成句子(1)他的出色表现使球队士气大振，以50大获全胜。Hissuperbplay_theteam_athrilling50win.(2)在这次考试中取得第一名给我带来了信心.Gettingthefirstprizeinthisexam_me_confidence.,inspired,to,inspired,with,10vitaladj.极其重要的，关系重大的(教材P43)Thesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor；morevitaltoaman，andmorebeneficialtomankind，somemightsay，thanallthemoneyintheworld.这些人懂得，知识和理解是要奋斗的事情，有些人(甚至)可能认为，对个人或人类来说,它们比世界上所有的金钱都重要和有益。,归纳拓展bevitalto/for.对非常重要beofvitalimportance极其重要的playavitalrolein.在中扮演极其重要的角色,Goodfinancialaccountsarevitaltothesuccessofanyenterprise.良好的财务账目对任何公司的成功都是极其重要的。Regularexerciseisvitalforyourhealth.定期锻炼对你的健康极其重要。Readingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。Itisvitaltobehonestwithourfriends.诚实地对待我们的朋友极其重要。,学以致用翻译句子(1)食物和衣服对人们来说是极其重要的。_(2)理解这个问题对进一步的研究非常重要。_,Foodandclothingareofvitalimportancetohumanbeings.,Understandingthequestionisvitalforthefurtherresearch.,(3)联合国在伊拉克的重建中发挥重要作用。_,TheUnitedNationsplaysavitalroleinthereconstructionofIraq.,名师微博vital可用作定语和表语。用作表语时，后面可接介词for或to引起的短语，表示“对极其重要”；还常用于it作形式主语的句式中，此类句式常用不定式或that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；在“Itisvitalthat.”这一句型中,从句谓语常用“should(可省略)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。,11adaptvt.使适应；改编(教材P123)Forastart，itwouldbehardadaptingtoanewculture.一开始，适应新的文化会有困难。,归纳拓展adaptfor使适合于；为改编adaptfrom根据改写(改编)adaptoneselfto使自己适应或习惯于某事adapttosth.适应或适合某事(物),ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtheRussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。Themoviewasadaptedfromanovel.这部电影是由小说改编的。Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.她很快就适应了这种新气候。Canyouadapttothisnewjob?你能适应这份新工作吗？,学以致用完成句子(1)(2012陕西西安一中高二期中)Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey_(使适应于)veryeasilytonewenvironments.(2)Peoplemust_(使适应)theirthinking_thechangedconditions.,adapt,adapt,to,12appreciationn.欣赏；感激(教材P45)However，therewouldalsobesomenewoptionalsubjects，forexample，literaryappreciation，astronomy，biochemistry，etc.但是，也应有一些新的可供选择的课程，如文学鉴赏，天文学，生物化学等。,归纳拓展inappreciationof.作为对的感谢，为感谢expressonesappreciationfor.为某事表示感激appreciatesth./doingsth.感激某事/感激做某事Iappreciateitif.如果,我将不胜感激,Onesappreciationofliteraturedependsononesknowledgeandtaste.一个人的文学欣赏能力取决于他的知识和品味。Iwillinviteyoutodinnerinappreciationofyourhardworkthisweek.为了对你本周的辛勤工作表示感谢，我想请你吃晚餐。Wegreatlyappreciateallyourhelp.我们非常感谢你的一切帮助。,学以致用翻译句子(1)他的能力在公司得到了充分的赏识。_(2)如果你把窗户关上，我将十分感激。_,Hisabilityisfullyappreciatedinthecompany.,Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldclosethewindow.,(3)对您的帮助我向您表示谢意。_,Iwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationforyourhelp.,1(教材P42)Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.我们如何获取知识和理解力现在似乎显而易见。,句法分析本句中，it作形式主语，how引导的从句是真正的主语。Itseemsobvious从句表示“显而易见”。类似的表达方式还有：Itseems/becomes/isclear/evident/apparent从句。,ItseemsobviousthatJohnisthewinner.显而易见，约翰是赢家。Itisclearthathehasnevertoucheduponthisnewfield.很显然，他从未接触过这个新领域。Itisevidentthattheyhaveknowneachotherbefore.显而易见，他们以前就认识。,归纳拓展,Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.熬夜太晚不是好习惯。Itseemseasytoworkouttheproblem.做出这道题看上去很容易。,学以致用完成句子(1)跟她相处好很难。Itis_withher.(2)跟你聊天很愉快。Its_achatwithyou.(3)达到我们的目标需要艰苦工作。Itrequires_achieveourgoals.,difficulttogetalongwell,apleasuretohave,hardworkto,2(教材P42).wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.常常会受到教会的惩罚，没有人来保护他们。句法分析句中的coming在with宾语宾补的结构中作宾语补足语，与此结构中宾语是主谓关系。,Thewomanleft，withthebabycrying.那个女人离开了，婴儿在大哭。Withtheboyleadi