中考英语语法考点复习动词语态.ppt

动词的语态,中考语法,语态概述,英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（theActiveVoice）和被动语态（thePassiveVoice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.当我们不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁或者强调突出动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。,考点分布,（1）一般现在时的被动语态（2）一般过去时的被动语态（3）一般将来时的被动语态（4）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态,考点梳理,考点一被动语态的构成,被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：,考点梳理,考点二被动语态的用法：,(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by动作执行者短语。如：Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。(2)强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.这个杯子被大卫打碎了。(3)做客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型：Its/wassaid/believed/reported/+that据说/据报道如：Itsreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.,考点梳理,考点三中考常见被动语态的形式,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()1.Apopularsport,Ping-pong,_bymanyaroundChina,forfunandexercise.A.areenjoyedB.wasenjoyedC.wereenjoyedD.isenjoyed()2.DidyougotoLindasbirthdayparty,Jill?No.I_.A.didntinviteB.wasntinvitedC.amnotinvitedD.haventinvited()3.IamafraidthatIcantfinishthetasksuccessfully.Dontworry.You_plentyoftimetodoit.A.willbegivenB.giveC.willgiveD.given()4.HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?It_foodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.A.mustgiveB.mustbegiveC.mustbegivenD.mustbegave,D,B,C,A,考点梳理,考点四使用中应注意的几个问题,(1)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有：give,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。通常这种句子可以改为以“人”当主语和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。如：Hegavemeabook.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(以I做主语)Abookwasgiventomebyhim.(以物book作主语),【考点精练】,5.HeteachesusEnglish._(以人当主语)_(以物作主语),WearetaughtEnglish(byhim).,Englishistaughttous(byhim).,考点梳理,（2）英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel,hear,listento,have,make,let(让、使),lookat,watch,see,notice，这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但在变被动语态时必须加to。如：Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding.Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.,【考点精练】,6.IheardJohnleavetheroom._.,Johnwasheardtoleavetheroom.,考点梳理,（3）动词短语变被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。这类动词短语有：lookafter,lookat,takecareof,putup,takeaway,goover,payattentionto,cutdown,laughat等。如：Theytakegoodcareofmychild.=Mychildwastakengoodcareof(bythem).Iturnedofftheradio.=Theradiowasturnedoff.,【考点精练】,7.Sallyworkedoutalltheproblems._.8.Youcanttakethemagazinesoutofthereadingroom._.,Theproblemswereworkedout(byher),Themagazinescantbetakenoutofthereadingroom,考点梳理,（4）有些动词表被动意义,不强调动作。特别主语为物时。常见的动词有sell,write,wash等。如：Thesenovelswontsellwell.这些小说不好卖。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布容易洗（5）连系动词如feel,look,smell,taste,sound等用主动形式表被动。如：Thefishtastesgood.(6)不及物动词happen,takeplace没有被动语态。如：GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinDongguaninthelastfewyears.,考点梳理,()9.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe_.A.mustlookafterB.mustbetakencareC.mustbelookedafterD.musttakecareof()10.Amodelship_hissonbyMrMore.A.wasmadeforB.wasmadetoC.madeforD.makesfor()11.Thiskindofsweater_verysoft.A.isfeltB.feelsC.feelD.isfeeling,C,A,【考点精练】,B,考点梳理,()12.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_,todayhewasmade_byher.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry()13.When_theaccident_?A.was;happenedB.has;happenedC.was;happeningD.did;happen()14.Thiskindofrecorder_well.A.hasbeensoldB.issoldC.sellsD.willbesold,A,D,【考点精练】,C,考点梳理,g.want/need/require+动名词用主动表被动。如：Thedoorisbroken,itneedsrepairing.=Thedoorisbroken,itneedtoberepaired.门坏了，需要修理。,考点梳理,考点五记住一些常用词组:,1.被用来做某事beusedfordoingsth.2.由制造bemadeof/from+(原材料)3.在某地制造bemadein(aplace)4.装满befullof/befilledwithsth.5.被覆盖becoveredwith6.据说Itssaidthat7.被迫做某事bemadetodosth.8.被听到作某事beheardtodosth.9.被看见作某事beseentodo10.