2011届高三英语复习.ppt

从江苏高考试卷的三年走势,谈2011届高三英语教学策略,连云港市教育局教研室孟庆忠二0一一年三月二十日,一、江苏高考自命题英语试题近三年走势,单项填空：知识点立足基础、强化语境、贴近时代，题型稳中有变。完形填空：生活气息浓、夹叙夹议多、贴近学生生活，教育意义强。阅读理解：（含任务型阅读）词汇量大、体裁全齐，原汁原味，信息渠道多。书面表达：联系生活，贴近时代，侧重应用，开放意识浓。,表一：近三年单项选择题考查的双基及语境设置情况比较,I.单项填空知识点立足基础，题型稳中有变,单项选择题的命题特点:,词汇：注重搭配、词义、词形辨析与理解、习惯用法和谚语等。提供完整的语言情境,让考生通过语境分析，做出判断与选择。如:2010年:选项貌合神离、貌离神似、风马牛不相及等。语法：单纯考语法知识的题目越来越少，以基础语法知识的掌握和综合运用能力为重点。内容：时代性强，语言真实地道。如:2010年:世博会，亚运会，玉树地震，低碳经济等。,“貌合神离”，重语境举例：,22.Thedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygood_.（2010江苏高考）A.expectationB.reputationC.contributionD.civilization(Key:B),选项“貌合神离”，重语境：,23.Thezooworkertoldthevisitorsthatinthecaseofahighly_animal,performancetrainingiseasyandnotsopainstaking.（苏北四市二模）A.intelligentB.interactiveC.internalD.initial(Key:A),“貌合神离”，重语境举例：,26.Theexperimenthas_thepossibilityoftheexistenceofanylifeonthatplanet,butitdoesnotmeanthereisnolifeonotherplanets.（2010江苏）A.foundoutB.pointedoutC.ruledoutD.carriedout（Key:C),选项“貌合神离”，重语境：,30.Johntoldthestoryagainfromthebeginning.Apparently,heforgotwherehe_lasttime.（苏北四市二模）A.gaveoffB.laidoffC.putoffD.leftoff(Key:),选项“貌离神似”，重辨析：,25.TheForeignMinistryspokeswomanonThursdayurgedJapantostopmakingirresponsible_overanincidentinwatersofftheDiaoyuIslands.（苏北四市二模）A.commentsB.explanationsC.argumentsD.debates(Key:A),“风、马、牛不相及”，考语境：,27.Comparedwithhissister,Jerryisevenmore_to,andmoreeasilytroubledby,emotionalandrelationshipproblems.(2009江苏）A.scepticalB.addictedC.availableD.sensitive(Key:D.besensitiveto对什么敏感。Jerryisevenmoresensitiveto与moreeasilytroubledby并列。,29.Sofarwehavedonealottobuildalow-carboneconomy,butitis_ideal.Wehavetoworkstillharder.A.nexttoB.farfromC.outofD.dueto,“大相径庭”，考语境：,29.Sofarwehavedonealottobuildalow-carboneconomy,butitis_ideal.Wehavetoworkstillharder.A.nexttoB.farfromC.outofD.dueto(Key:B.nextto与farfrom；outof与dueto是两组意义相反的短语，但根据Wehavetoworkstillharder可知答案。,II.完形填空生活气息浓，夹叙夹议，教育意义强,完形填空材料的共同特点是融知识性、趣味性、人文性和情感态度为一体。角度新，体裁全，可读性强，且紧扣考试大纲和新课标理念。体裁多夹叙夹议。选材：夹叙夹议，注意信息沟，科学，新颖，时代性强，结构严谨，层次分明。以实词为主，各类词类兼顾，强调词义辨析。(与单项填空类似，动词最多，名词次之，副词、形容词、代词随后，连词介词较少)功能词主要考查篇章结构的理解与运用能力。突出语篇，重点考查词汇在语篇中的准确运用话题多贴近学生的日常生活与切身感悟或感受。文章脉络明晰，学生容易找到主题并判断作者的思路。,江苏自命题7年完形填空命题轨迹：,04：观察周边生活类话题（Wemaylookattheworldaroundus,butsomehowwemanagenottoseeit）；05：丈夫从马背上掉下摔伤(OnMay27,1995,ourlifewassuddenlychanged.Ithappened,whenmyhusbandfellfromhishorse)，夫妻俩勇敢面对困难，战胜伤残挑战的事迹；06：作者对童年时考试前因偶然的机会看到试卷内容，造成作弊事实而忏悔的诚信教育话题(IknowIshouldhavetoldtheheadmasteratthetime.Thatwasmyrealfault.)；07：介绍一个铺路公司如何克服种种困难为机场成功抢建停车场的事迹(CarolynStradleyisthefounderof,sherecallsthejobthatchallengedherimaginationandskillbut)。08：苏格兰打击乐器独奏演员，残疾人EvelynClennie的成功故事。09：高中生参加社区服务的利弊讨论，脱离学生真实生活与感受。10：继母的厚爱。(anotherpersonsenthusiasmwasstepmother)主题基本都是围绕激发考生热爱生活、敢于接受人生挑战展开的，具有较强的教育意义。,III.阅读信息量大、体裁/题材丰富、问题质量高,长度：逐渐增加，对阅读速度要求越来越高。题材：人物传记、语言文化、科普知识、时事文章、通讯报道等。体裁：说明、记叙、议论、实（应）用文。题目：Directquestions渐少,openquestions渐多，深层次题目增加（线索、主题、预测、归纳、抽象概括、逻辑推理等）。,1、对阅读理解速度的要求越来越高,表二、课标要求与江苏高考试卷阅读量比较情况,2、试题材料来源广泛、英语味浓。,表三、近三年课标版江苏卷高考英语试卷内容体裁比较情况,3、题型设计丰富多彩，能力立意强,表四、近三年江苏卷阅读理解题型比较：,4、阅读理解题的命题焦点和考查形式,命题角度和考查焦点：综观近几年的高考英语试卷，我们发现阅读理解题所涉及的命题角度和考查焦点主要是：1）文章中的一个词或一个词组；2）文章中的一个短语、一个从句或一个完整的句子；3）文章中的一个段落或几个段落；4）文章的结局或结论；5）全篇文章的标题、主旨大意；6）文章暗含或折射出的哲理、观点和希望等。,阅读理解题的考查形式:,1、细节理解题2、词句猜测题。3、主旨概括题4、逻辑推断题。5、文脉结构题6、假设答疑题。7、数字计算题8、排列组合题。9、段落设置题10、正误判断题。11、图示理解题12、标题优选题。13、因果关系题,1.细节理解题,例32008年江苏卷阅读理解C篇第67小题WhatdoestheGalleryfeelsorryfor?A.Visitorshavetokeeptheirvaluableitemsinthecheckrooms.B.ThesizeofvisitoritemsallowedintotheGalleryislimited.C.Itcannotkeepoversizedvisitoritemsduetolimitedspace.D.Visitoritemsover1726inchesmustgothroughadditionalchecks.解析：答案：B。这是一道细节理解题。文章第二段明确指出：限于条件，美术馆没有足够的空间来容纳体积大于1726英寸的物品，可知正确答案为C项。,1.细节理解题,例2：2009年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第57小题:Afteravacationwithhergirlfriend,awomanwouldtalktoheragainonthephoneforhoursinorderto_.A.experiencethehappytimeagainB.keepaclosetiewithherC.recommendheranewscenicspotD.remindherofsomethingforgotten解析:答案B,1.细节理解题。,例1：2010年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第57小题:Accordingtothepassage,theancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobably_.A.ownedordroveacartB.madethingswithmetalsC.madekitchentoolsorcontainsD.builthousesandfurniture解析:答案C,2、词句猜测题。,例4：2010年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第59小题，B篇63小题：59.Theunderlinedword“descendants”inthelastparagraphmeansapersons_.A.latergenerationsB.friendsandrelativesC.colleaguesandpartnersD.latersponsors解析:答案A63.Thelastsentence“Andeveryoneknowswhathappensnext”impliesthatinsuchcasesAfarmanimalswillbeindangerandhavetobeshippedawayBwoIveswillkillpeopleandpeoplewillinturnkillthemCwolveswilIfindenoughfoodsourcesonfarmsDpeoplewillleavetheareaswherewolvescanlive解析:答案B,2、词句猜测题,例72008年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第56小题.Theunderlinedword“ally”inPara.3morelikelymeanssomebodyorsomethingthatis_.A.yourslaveandservesyouB.yoursupporterandhelpsyouC.underyourcontrolandobeysyouD.underyourinfluenceandfollowsyou解析：答案：B这是一道猜词义题。考查猜测词义的能力，文章第三段作者亮出观点：谁来主宰时间，并又进一步指出：要么让时间溜走，成为我们的大敌；要么我们管好时间，使之成为我们的朋友，此处ally一词和上句的enemy恰好词义相对，语意相反，可知B为正确答案。,3、主旨概括题。,例8：2010年江苏卷阅读理解D篇第69小题.：WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthorsattitudetowardsChinashigh-speedrailwayplan?ACriticalBReservedCDoubtfulD.Positive解析:答案:D,3、主旨概括题,例92009年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第58小题:58.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusmost?A.WomensbrainsarebetterorganizedforlanguageandcommunicationB.Womenlovetotalkbecausetheyaremoresociablethanmen.C.Mendonotliketalkingbecausetheyrelymoreonfacts.D.Socialconditioningisnotthereasonwhywomenlovetalking.解析:答案:A,3、主旨概括题,例112008年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第57小题57.Theauthorintendstotellusthattime_.A.couldberegulatedbyatimepiecesuchasaclockorawatchB.couldbemanagedbytheinternalclockofhumanbodiesC.shouldbewellmanagedforourowninterestD.shouldbesavedforoutsideinterests解析：答案：C.这是一道综合理解概括题。作者在文章中阐明了我们如何去管理时间，进而成为时间的主人，所以C项切中文意，为正确答案。,4、逻辑推理题,例152010年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第62小题：Accordingtothoseagainstkillingwolves，whenwolveseatotheanimals，Atheynevereatstrongandhealthyonesw.k#s5_u.co*mBtheyalwaysgoagainstthelawofnatureCtheymighthelpthiskindofanimalssurviveinnatureDtheydisturbtheecologicalbalanceinthewilderness解析:答案:C,4、逻辑推理题,例12：2009年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第62小题:Itcanbeinferredthatbeforethelittlegirlfinallywentouttoenjoythefirstsnowofwinter,theteacherhadtohelpherputonherboots_.A.onceB.twiceC.threetimesD.fourtimes解析:答案D,4、逻辑推理题,例13：2009年江苏卷阅读理解B篇第64小题:64.Thetransportguideaboveismostlikelyprovidedby_.A.PublicTransportInformationCentreB.theBrisbaneCityCouncilC.QueenslandUniversityofTechnology.D.BCCCustomerServiceCentres解析:答案C,4、逻辑推理题,例12：2007年江苏卷阅读理解A篇第62小题.ItcanbeinferredfromthePewstudythat_.A.peoplehavebeenseparatedfromeachotherbyusingcomputersB.theInternetmakespeoplewastealotoftimeandfeelverylonelyC.theInternethasbecomeatoolforanewkindofsocialcommunicationD.alotofpeopleregardtheperson-to-personcommunicationasgoodthing解析:答案C这是一道推断题。根据第二段中的“BeforetheinventionoftheInternetande-mail,oursocialnetworksincludedliveinteractionswithrelatives,neighbors,andfriends.Someoftheinteractionwasbyphone,butitwasstillvoicetovoice,persontoperson,inrealtime.”可判断出因特网已成为一种新的社会交流工具。,4、逻辑推理题,例142008年江苏卷阅读理解D篇第65小题Visitingphotographersshouldmakesurethat_.A.picturesandvideosareallowedforpersonaluseanywhereintheGalleryB.picturesandvideoscanbetakeninsomeplacesforpersonaluseC.picture-takingandvideoingaretotallyforbiddenintheGalleryD.tripodsareallowedexceptinsomespecialexhibitions解析：答案为B。这是一道推断题。考查细节判断能力，从文章倒数第二段可知，除去一些特别的展品和严格禁止的地方，只要是限于个人使用的拍照（或录像）是可以被允许的，可确定B项为最佳答案。,5、文脉结构题例17：2008年北京卷阅读理解E篇的第75小题.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?,6、假设答疑题,例19：2010年江苏卷阅读理解C篇第64小题.IfaCanadianwhoisona7-daytriptoNewYorkbuys$800CANworthofgoods,howmuchshouldhepaytaxonwhenreturninghome?A.$800CANB.$750CANC.$400CAND.$50CAN解析：答案：D,6、假设答疑题,例18：2007年湖北卷阅读理解C篇的第70小题.Ifwefailtohelpchildrentoovercomefears,theywill_.A.makethesameoldmistakeB.overcomethembythemselvesC.experiencetheworstofthingsD.growuplackingself-confidence解析:答案:D这是一道假设答疑题。短文虽没有直接涉及这个问题，但根据Dr.Creswell说的话和观点,处置孩子的恐惧心理是必要的,如果处理不好，孩子会总是会感到有不幸的事情要发生或者面对挑战缺乏自信。,7、数字计算题,例20：2010年江苏卷阅读理解C篇第65小题：65.ForanAmericancitizenona2-daytourofCanada,howmuchtaxdoeshehavetopayon$1.600USworthofpurchaseswhenreturningtotheUS?A.$24USB.$48USC.$52USD.$200US解析：答案:A,7、数字计算题,例20：2007年江西卷阅读理解B篇第63小题63.Theofficecleanerswillberequiredtoworkabout_hoursaweek.A.5B.10C.15D.20解析：答案：C这是一道计算题。根据第二个广告中的“Approximatelyfivehourspershift.”和“onMondays,Wednesdays要广泛阅读，记叙文、说明文、应用文都应涉猎。题材也应包括人物传记，寓言故事，活动记实，民间习俗，社会新闻，文史知识，科普作品，以及产品广告、说明等；要养成良好的阅读习惯,遇到生词或一时搞不清楚的词句时要学会跳过去。先抓注主要内容和大概意思。必要时再回头认真琢磨；要充分研究透2011年英语高考说明，把握“任务型阅读”二种题型示例的结构、特点和解题方法。,V.注意解题策略，强化技能训练,I.书面表达训练口诀：“一审，二定，三规范”。“一审”即审题每次写书面表达之前要养成良好的审题的习惯，“二定”即确定通篇短文的时态和语态，确定连接词和关键词。“三规范”即规范标点、规范文字，规范卷面书写和行文逻辑。,II.Sample:,目前,在互联网上有许多关于“五一”黄金周存废的争论.请根据右表写一篇报道.注意:短文必须包括所有内容要点,可适当发挥.词数150左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数).Atpresent,thecancelationofthelongMayDayholidayisdiscussedheatedlyontheInternet.,一审：体裁:报导类大意:正反两种观点，自己的看法二定：定人称、时态、语态构思文章框架选择关联词三规范：检查标点符合修订重点句子工整誊抄到规定答题区域,WritingGuide:,ColorfulExpressions,总结:不同观点的表述：Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions./Opinionsaredivided.Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowardsPeoplehavedifferentopinionsviewson.不同观点之间的衔接:ofthemholdtheopinionthat.However,ofthemholdadifferentview/anoppositeopinion.ofthemareinfavoroftheideathatOntheotherhand,peopleobjectthat.PeoplewhoarefortheideathinkPeoplewhoareagainstitdontthinkso.Somepeoplebelieve/insistthat.Whileothersarguethat,III.漫画写作专题指导：,2011江苏高考说明对漫画写作的描述：看图作文的“图”不局限于某一类型的图，如漫画、广告，也包括其他图片、照片、图表等情景材料。考生们可根据图示的寓意、内容或情节线索，自己组织文字，进行描述、叙述、比较或表达思想观。作文应覆盖提示的要点，但应避免仅根据提示文字作简单翻译。,Differentformsofpictures漫画、广告、图片、照片、图表等,1.对“不局限于某一类型的图”的理解：,下图是某人寿保险公司的一则经典广告招画，这则广告想要告诉我们什么？,ifunexpectedcantforeseeprotectourselvesbuyinsurance,Picture1,pollutionisposingathreattoourearth,whichcomesinmanyways,Picture2,Peoplecantaffordheavymedicalfees.,Picture3,Picture4,Onefalsemovemaylosethegame.Lookbeforeyouleap.,Moneycantbuyeverything.Healthisthebestwealth.,Picutre5,Peoplelackcommunication.,Picture6,Picture7,Picture8,Picture9,Picture10,2.漫画写作“三字诀”：,1.读图,3.谋篇,2.解意,（1）读图：Topicsofcartoons,Topicsofcartoons,Environmentalproblems,Socialphenomenon,Attitudestowardslife,（2）解意(theme)-tothepoint,注意:文字说明部分往往含有重要信息(clues)，切记要认真阅读！,1.辨明褒贬，找准角度,.联系生活，明晰主旨,下面的漫画反映了一种社会现象，请你根据对这幅漫画的理解，用英语写一篇短文，描述以下他们的不同境遇，并就如何解决此问题发表你的看法。,Example1.,_,角度comparison主旨educationinequality,ThecomparisonindicatesthephenomenonofeducationinequalityinmodernChina.,主旨提炼,角度criticize,主旨,Thestudentsaswellastheirparentsonlyfocusontheiracademicachievements,neglectingpsychologicalqualityandmoralstandards.,Example2,下图是某人寿保险公司的一则经典广告招画，这则广告想要告诉我们什么？,ifunexpectedcantforeseeprotectourselvesbuyinsurance,Theadvertisementaboveshowsusthattherearealwayssomeunexpected“ifs”inlife,butnotallofuscanforeseethemclearly.Sobuyinginsuranceforlifeislikelythebestwaytoprotectourselvesfromadeadly“if”.,主旨提炼,（3）谋篇-organizationStep1.Descriptionstep2.AnalysisStep3.Solutions,发现问题,解决问题,分析问题,Step1Description（人称/时态）Towhatdegreeshouldwedescribethecartoon?,Organization,Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,AscanbeseeninthepictureThepictureshowsacommonphenomenon.Inthepicture,thereare,Sentencestructures:,acountryboyiscryinghelplessinthedarkness,longingeagerlyforschooleducation,incontrast,thecityboyontherightisenjoyingallthebenefits.,Example,acountryboylongforeducationacityboyenjoyallthebenefits,Step2Analysis(联系实际分析)(Facts/reasons/results),Sentencestructures,1.Whatarethereasonsforthisphenomenon?2.ItseemsveryridiculousthatHowever,thiskindofstoryisperformedeverywhere.3.ThepictureshowsthatItistheexactreflectionof4.ThepictureindicatethatweNowadays,itisacommonphenomenonthat5.Thisisasatirical(讽刺的)cartoonwhichdescribesvividlyakindofcommonphenomenonamong,Analysis,ThecomparisonindicatesthephenomenonofeducationinequalityinmodernChina.(facts)School-agecountrychildrenareoftendroppingoutofschoolduetopoverty.Eventhosewhomanagedtostayinschoolarestillsufferingfromthelowstandardsofeducationalfacilitiesandacademicquantities.Comparatively,citychildrenhavemuchbetteropportunitiestoreceivegoodeducation.(results)Thus,schoolinthecountrysidegenerallyhavemuchlowerenrollmentratesthanthoseinthecity,whichinturnworsenstheproblemofeducationalinequality.,AsfarasImconcerned/Inmyopinion,Frommypointofvie,Onlyinthiswaycan./Onlyif,canwe,Step3solutions(Opinions/suggestions),Soitishightimewetooksomemeasurestoputanendtothisphenomenon/MeasuresshouldbetakentoThegovernmentshouldmakelawsThemediashouldappealtoWeshouldraisepeoplesawarenessofEveryoneshouldmakegreateffortsto,Tosolvetheproblem,从大到小,从意识到行动,Example,Tosolvethisproblem,thegovernmentshouldspendmoremoneyontheimprovementofeducationinruralareas.Meanwhile,themediacanappealforthepublicdonationsforruraleducation.Moreover,allpeopleinthecommunityshouldbeawareoftheseriousnessoftheproblemanddowhatevertohelp.Onlyifwedothesecanwehavemoresocialjusticeandthusmakeoursocietymoreharmonious,Sampleofguidingpractice目前医疗费不断攀升，有人因付不起昂贵的医疗费而只好忍受疾病的折磨。人们强烈呼吁政府应当建立有效的医疗保障体制。请根据下面图画，以“HealthCare”为题写一篇短文，简要说明图画中所表达的内容，重点阐述这种现象所带来的后果和你的观点。,_,_,DescriptionAnalysisSolution,Steps,Contents,Description,Analysis,Solutions,HealthCare(Description)Fromthepicture,wecanseethattheol