人教版九年级上unit8I‘llcleanupthecityparks.ppt

ReviewofUnit8Illhelpcleanupthecityparks.,1.打扫干净2.使某人高兴起来3.分发，发放4.分发，派发5.赠送、捐赠6.想出（主意，办法等）,cleanup,cheerupsb,giveout,handout,giveaway,comeupwith=thinkup,PhrasalVerbs(动词词组),7.推迟、拖延8.推迟做某事9.张贴10.建立，创立，开办11.用完，花光，耗尽12.修理，修补,putoffsth,putoffdoingsth,putup,setup=start/establish,runoutof,fixup=mend/repair,13.(在外貌，性格等方面)与(父母)相像14.帮助某人（做）某事15.写下，记下16.计划做某事17.与相似,takeaftersb.,helpsbwithsth,writedown=takedown/putdown,plantodo,besimilartosb/sth,18.花费（时间、钱）做某事19.打电话给某人20.尽力做某事/尝试做某事21.叫/告诉某人做某事,spendonsth/doingsth,callupsb,trytodo/trydoing,ask/tellsbtodosth,22.叫/告诉某人不做某事23.结果，结局为24.请求，索取25.（俚）闲荡,hangout,workout,askfor,ask/tellsbnottodosth,Canyoumatchthephrasesnow?（1）peoplewithouthomes（2）start;establish（3）makesomethingclean（4）makesomeonehappier（5）workintheopenair（6）makesomethinghappenlater（7）givesomethingtosomebodyinorder（8）tohelpsomeonewhoneedshelp（9）tohangorsticksomethingon(aboard),cleanup,putup,cheerup,workoutside,offerhelp,putoff,giveout,homelesspeople,setup,GrammarFocus,动词短语一、定义动词之后加介词或副词构成短语,表达一种特定的含义,称为动词短语。二、分类1.动词+介词2.动词+副词3.其它类动词词组,短语动词所带宾语的位置及物动词词组（vt.）：宾语放在短语动词的中间e.g.Hetookhiscoatoff.Wehavetoputthemeetingoffuntiltomorrow.副词:不接宾语不及物动词词组（vi.）介词:宾语放在介词之后e.g.Comeon!Thebusiscoming!e.g.Heislookingafterhissister.,1.动词+介词lookat看looklike看上去像lookafter照料listento听welcometo欢迎到sayhelloto向问好speakto对说此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。e.g.Heislookingafterhissister.Shealwaystakescareofthesechildren.,2.动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A及物动词（vt.）+副词puton穿上takeoff脱下writedown记下此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。e.g.Hetookoffhiscoat.Tomputiton.,B不及物动词（vi）+副词comeon赶快getup起床gohome回家comein进来sitdown坐下standup起立此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。e.g.Comeon!Thebusiscoming!,1.由put引导的短语。(vt.)putawayputonputupputoffputintoputdownputout,常用短语及用法,把放好穿上，把放在上举起，表现出，张贴推迟，拖延把放入，把翻译成记下，放下扑灭，放出，伸出,2.由give引导的短语。(vt.)giveupgiveingiveoutgiveawaygiveback,放弃屈服，让步分发，散发；用尽，耗尽捐赠，赠送；分发归还，恢复,calloncallupcallincallatcallfor,访问（某人）；号召；要求打电话给；使人想起找来，请来访问(某处);(车，船等)停靠(某处)需要，要求,3.由call引导的短语。,.由take引导的短语（vt.）takebacktakeaftertakeawaytakedowntakeuptakeovertakeoff,拿回；使疑惑像拿走，减去写下，记下；拆卸占据空间接过；接管脱下；飞机起飞,.由look引导的短语。lookafterlookforlookatlookintolookthroughlookoutlookoutoflookuplooklike,照顾，照料寻找，找看调查；向里看浏览，快速地看小心向外看查找，查询；向上看看起来像,6.由show引导的短语。showupshowoffshowaround,出现，露面炫耀，卖弄带参观,Exercises:,putoffsetupcheerupcomeupwith,1.,Thecharityisgoingtoestablisharecyclingcenter.,Thecharityisgoingto_arecyclingcenter.,2.,Finishthesentenceswiththephrasesinthebox,Theclassthoughtupsomegoodwaystocollectmoney.,Theclass_somegoodwaystocollectmoney.,3.,Thesickkidlookssad.Letsmakehimhappier.,Thesickkidlookssad.Lets_him_.,4.,Themeetinghasbeenpostponed(延期)untilnextweek.,Themeetinghasbeen_untilnextweek.,setup,cameupwith,cheer,up,putoff,Languagepoints,1.notonlybut(also)不但而且用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以notonlybut(also)开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此NotonlydoIfeelgoodbut(also).是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：我不仅能做到而且做得最好。NotonlycanIdoitbut(also)Icandobest.我将永远也不去那儿。NeverwillIgothereagain.,Notonlybut(also)接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化,也就是就近原则如：不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。NotonlyLilybut(also)youlikecat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。Notonlyyoubut(also)Lilylikescat.,常见的就近原则的结构有：Neithernor即不也不(两者都不)我和你都不喜欢他。NeitheryounorIlikehim.Eitheror不是就是(两者中的一个)EitherLilyoryouareastudent.Notonlybut(also)不仅而且Therebe,2.Idliketothankyouforsendingmoneyto“AnimalHelpers”,anorganizationsetuptohelpdisabledpeople.“AnimalHelpers”动物助手,一个帮助残疾人而建立的组织。thankyoufordoing谢谢做某事如：谢谢你帮助我thankyouforhelpingmee.g.Thankyouforyourflowerstome.,3.Beingblind,deaf,unabletowalk,oruseyourhandseasilyissomethingthatmostpeoplecannotimagine.此句中“being”是动名词做主语。谓语动词用单数。“thatmostpeoplecannotimagine”是定语从句,修饰something。,4.Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminesaidthatshewouldliketohelpmeout.helpsb.out帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)e.g.Icantworkoutthismathproblem.Pleasehelpmeout.我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。【拓展】helpsb.withsth.在某事上帮助某人。如：我每天帮他学英语。IhelphimwithhisEnglisheveryday.（此结构等于helpsb.dosth.）,5.Yousee,Imonlyabletohavea“dog-helper”becauseofyourkinddonation!1.此句中的beableto意为“能够做的事”,可用can替换,主语为物时一般都使用can。can没有将来时和完成时,也不能用于其他助动词后面,所以常用beabletodo来替换。2.becauseof是介词短语,表原因,后面接名词或代词宾语。because是连词,词后常接从句。,6.atonce=rightaway立刻马上如：Doitatonce.马上去做。我马上去那里。Illgothereatonce/rightaway.28.trainn.火车trainv.训练trainsb.todo训练某人做某事她训练她的狗去取东西。Shetrainsherdogtofetchthings.,7.andcalledupallhisfriendsandtoldthemabouttheproblem.给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的问题。callup表示“给打电话”，后面接指人的单词。e.g.这个男孩给你打电话只是为了聊天吗？Didtheboycallupyoujustforachat?,“给打电话”的常见说法还有:giveacalle.g.我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。TheyweregivingtheirteacheracallwhenIgotthere.,givearinge.g.DoyouknowwhogaveZhangHuaaringanhourago?你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗?,ringupe.g.上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？Didyouringupyourfatherlastweek?,telephone/phone(to)e.g.Willyoupleasetelephonetothepoliceman?请你给警察打个电话好吗？,telephone/phoneupe.g.TelephoneupmeassoonasyouarriveinShanghai.你一到上海就给我打电话。,8.byprep.意为“用，借，由于，通过”。如：bymistake由于错误eg.Sheputsherlovetogoodusebyworking.她把爱都融入到工作中去了。,【拓展】by的用法,1).by交通工具，意为“乘”。如：Hegoestoworkbybus.他乘公共汽车上班。,2).表示被动，意为“由，受，被”。如：这部小说是他写的。Thisnoveliswrittenbyhim.,9.plan(1)n.计划，方案，如：afive-yearplan五年计划makeplansforvacation制定假期计划(2)plan作名词用时后面接for或of，在for或of后接名词或动名词。e.g.我们计划建一所新学校。Wehaveaplanforbuildinganewschool.(3)plan作动词，表示“计划”时，只接不定式，不接动名词，即plantodosth.如：Heplantosetupastudentvolunteerproject.他打算开办一个学生志愿者计划。,10.runoutof=useup用完用尽我已经用完了钱。Ihaverunoutofmoney.=Ihaveusedupmoney.runaway逃跑这只猴子已经从动物园里逃跑了。Themonkeyhasrunawayfromthezoo.runto+地方跑到某地,11.join参加(指参加团体、组织)如：jointheParty入党takepartin参加(指参加活动)如：参加运动会takepartinsportsmeeting12.takeafter(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像(血缘关系)besimilarto与.相似takeafter相像lookafter照顾takecareof照顾,13LastweekeveryonewastryingtocheerupJimmy,theBikeBoy.上周大家都想让那个修自行车的小男孩吉米开心。trytodosth.意思是“尽力去做某事”，但不强调所做的事是否成功。请尽量按时完成你的工作！Trytofinishyourworkontime,please!,trydoingsth.表示“试着去做某事”。昨天这位老人试着把门打开了。Yesterdaytheoldmantriedopeningthedoor.,14.用装满:,主动:(Sb.)fillsth.withsth.,被动:Sth.befilledwithsth.,=Sth.befullofsth.,Eg:1)请用粉笔(chalk)装满这个盒子.Please_.2)公共汽车上挤满了人.Thebus_people.,filltheboxwithchalk,isfilledwith,/isfu