八年级英语下册Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks教学课件人教新目标版.ppt

Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks.,Part:TextReviewHelpingkidsinanafter-schoolprogram;Beingaguideatamuseum;.,AnswerIdliketo/Iminterestedin/IwanttovolunteerasImgoodat/Imstrongin/Inmyfreetime.IliketosoIthinkIdbegoodatthisjob.Iwanttohelpoutasavolunteerinyouroldpeopleshome/school/museumbecause,AskWhichvolunteerjobdoyouwanttodo?Whatareyourinterestsandhobbies?Howcanthesehelpyoutodothejob?Whydoyouwanttodothevolunteer?Whenareyoufreetodothejob?Imfreetohelpin/on,Part:KeyWords,Phrases主动贡献Hevolunteerstovisitthesickchildreninhospitaleveryweekend.Weneedsomevolunteerstohelpcleanupcitystreets.,2.callup给打电话Extension:“打电话”的其他常见说法(1)givesb.acall=makeaphonecallTheyweregivingtheirteacheracallwhenIgotthere.我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。(2)ringupDidyouringupyourfatherlastweek?上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？,(3)givesb.aringDoyouknowwhogaveLilyaringanhourago?你知道1小时前谁给莉莉打电话了吗?(4)telephone/phone(to)Willyoupleasetelephonetothepoliceman?请你给警察打个电话好吗？(5)telephone/phonesb.upTelephonemeupassoonasyouarriveinL.A.你一到洛杉矶就给我打电话。,Noticecallup,ringup和telephone/phonesb.up等是由“v.+sb.+adv.”构成的词组，如果它们的宾语是pron.，该词只能放在副词之前。Pleasecallhimupatonce,please!请马上给他打电话。,3.bring/take/carry/fetch/get拿；取(1)bring带来；拿来。指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方。Pleasebringthehomeworktometomorrow.明天请把作业给我带来。(2)take拿走；取。指把人或物从说话人所在地带到别处去。Takeanumbrellawithyou,please.请随身带把伞。(3)carry负重。无方向性，一般指随身携带（通过手提、肩扛等）。,(4)fetch指从说话者所在地到别处去把人或物带回来。(5)get=fetch,但更口语化。,PracticeThebasketissofullthatIcant_it.A.bringB.carryC.getD.take,B,4.cheerup(使)变得更高兴;振奋（v.+adv.）cheersc.n.干杯；欢呼cheeron打气；加油cheersb.up=makesb.happy使某人高兴,Practice1.Youcouldvisit_childreninthehospitaland_them_.A.ill;set,upB.sick;clean,upC.sick;cheer,up2.Helookssad.Lets_him_.A.cheer,upB.put,upC.setupD.call,up3.Helooksunhappytoday.Lets_.A.cheerhimupB.helpouthimC.lookhimafterD.arguewithhim,C,A,A,5.Irepairedit.我把它修好了。repairv.修理；修复(1)repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。Whohasrepairedthebrokenlegofthetable?谁把桌子的断腿修好了？(2)mend意为恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。Thisshirtistoooldtomend.这件衣服太旧不能补了。,(3)fixv.安装；使固定。指重调物体的结构、把松散的部件固定结实、将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。fixup=mend/repair修理；修补。Canyoufixthebrokenchair?你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?Heputonhisglovesandrepairedthetruck.他戴上手套开始修卡车。,Practice1.叔叔业余时间修理旧电脑。Uncle_oldcomputersinhissparetime.2.你能帮我修补一下衬衣吗?Canyouhelpme_myshirt?3.我的自行车坏了，你能帮我修理它吗?Mybikeisbroken.Couldyou_itforme?4.WhereisFranknow?He_hisbikeintheyard.A.fixesupB.fixingupC.isfixingup5.Mybikeisbroken.Couldyouhelpmeto_?A.fixitupB.setitupC.makeitupD.putitup,fixesup,mend/repair,repair,C,A,6.MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.来自河畔高中的马里奥格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。giveup放弃giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放弃做某事IfindittoodifficulttolearnEnglishwell.Iwanttogiveitup.=IwanttogiveuplearningEnglishbecauseitstoodifficulttolearnwell.,Extensiongiveaway赠送；捐赠givesth.backtosb.=returnsth.tosb.归还某人某物giveoff放出；释放giveout=handout分发；散发giveoutsth.tosb.分给某人givealecture/lessons/message/speech/talk作讲座/上课/留口信、发表演讲/作报告givesb.acall/achance给打电话/给一次机会givesb.ahand=helpsb.帮助某人；助某人一臂之力,Practice1.Youshouldnt_yourhope.Everythingwillbetter.A.giveupB.fixupC.cheerupD.putup2.Wehaveraisedsomebooks.Well_tothepoorchildren.A.putthemupB.givethemawayC.gavethemawayD.putoutthem3.ManysocialworkerswenttoYaantohelp_cleanwaterandfoodtolocalpeopletoreducetheirpainfromtheearthquake.A.putoutB.comeoutC.workoutD.giveout,A,B,D,7.helpout帮助；帮助出来helpsb.out=helpsb.solvetheproblem使某人脱离困境helpsb.withsth.帮助某人（做）某事,PracticeHe_plentyofmoneytothepeopleintheearthquakearea_.A.putout;toworkoutwellB.handedout;helpthemoutC.gaveout;workoutwellD.gaveaway;tohelpthemout,D,8.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。(1)sickadj.生病的；既可放be（系动词）后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。besickof讨厌；厌恶。(2)illadj.生病的，只能放be（系动词）后作表语（不能作定语）；当表示“坏的；恶劣的”时也可以作定语，如anillthief。beillinhospital生病住院。illillnessn.病；疾病。,Hisfatherwassickyesterday,sohedidntgotowork.他的父亲昨天病了,因此他没有去上班。Tomhaslookedafterthesickgirlforaweek.汤姆照顾那个生病的小女孩已经一星期了。,9.Imsureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。(1)besure+of/aboutdoingsth.确信；对有把握接名词时，besureof侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；besureabout则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。(2)besuretodosth.表示说话人对主语作出的判断：某人“必定”“必然会”“准会”做某事。,(3)besure+clause，表示主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断：确信某事一定会。Imsureofhishonesty.我肯定他是诚实的。Itissuretorain.天一定会下雨。Wearesurehewillmakegreatprogressthisterm.我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步。,Extensionmakesure确定；核实；查证。常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。makesure+that从句：弄明白；确信makesure+of+pron./n.：弄明白；确信Makesureofhiscomingbeforeyousetoff.出发之前要确定他是否来。Imakesure(that)hewouldcome.我确信他会来。,10.setup=establish=build=start(v.+adv.)建立；设立setoff出发setaboutdoingsth.着手去做某事,Practice1.Theprimaryschool_in1995withthehopeofyoungpeople.A.wassetupB.wasputupC.wasfound2.Wehave_someorganizationstohelpthepoorstudentsinthewesternareasofChina.A.takenupB.putupC.pickedupD.setup3.Whenareyougoingto_forShanghai?Tomorrowmorning.A.getoffB.turnoffC.takeoffD.setoff,A,D,D,11.inthehospitalaloneB.alone;lonelyC.lonely;lonelyD.alone;alone2.MyoldneighborCharlesfelt_afterhischildrenmovedout.A.lonelyB.safelyC.angrilyD.happily,B,A,etrue实现IfweChineseworkhardtogether,ChinaDreamwillcometrue.Contrast:achieve&cometrue,Extension:thephrasesrelatedwithcomecomeandgo来来回回comeback回来comefrom来自comein进来comeout出来；出版comeon加油；快点comeover顺便来访comeupwith想出,Practice1.Scientistsaretryingtheirbestto_waystotreattheterriblediseasecalledH7N9.A.comeupwithB.lookforwardtoC.talkaboutD.giveup2.Thegreatwriterhaswrittenmanystoriesforchildren.Itissaidthatanewonewill_attheendofthismonth.A.gooutB.comeoutC.lookoutD.runout,A,B,Part:GrammarFocusInfinitives,phrasalverbs,1.Infinitives(1)动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“todo(v.原)”，其中to不是介词（有时可不带to），而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词。(2)动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。(3)否定形式：not+动词不定式,(4)句法作用动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。不定式短语在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。,a.用作宾语(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.need,agree,plan,decide,refuse,begin,start,try,forget,remember,like,stop,goon,want,learn,fail,pretend,demand+todo,b.用作宾语补足语(v.+sb.+todo)表示宾语所做的动作Sheaskedmetohelpher.tell,ask,want,like,invite,encourage,help,get,order,find,wouldlike,wish,suppose,teach,dependon+sb.+todoNotice:省略to有两类动词：一类是感官动词，如see,hear,watch,feel,notice等；另一类是某些使役动词，如let,make,have等。特殊一类是可省可不省的，如helpsb.(to)dosth.。Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.,c.用作状语(adverbial)：目的、结果、原因HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.(目的)Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(结果)d.用作主语(可用形式主语it将其替换)Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.,e.用作表语Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Mywishistobeascientist.f.用作定语:不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。不能省略vi.的介词Givemesomethingtodrink.Heaskedforaroomtolivein.,(5)疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how+todo可构成不定式短语,在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。“特殊疑问词+不定式”与“wh-从句”的转换，只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改成“should+v.原做谓语。,Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(S)Idontknowwhattodo.(O)Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.(OC)Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(P)Idontknowhowtosolvetheproblem.=IdontknowhowIshouldsolvetheproblem.,Notice1.动词不定式(或短语)作主语或宾语时常用it作形式主语或形式宾语,而动词不定式(或短语)放置于后面。2.不定式作定语时,若动词为不及物动词,则须有相应的介词。Hehasnochairtositon.他没有椅子坐。,3.将主动语态变为被动语态时,作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语,动词不定式则不省“to”。Sometimesthebossmadehimworktenhoursaday.=Sometimeshewasmadetoworktenhoursadaybyhisboss.有时老板让他一天工作十个小时。,Practice.Fillthegivenwordsintheblankswithproperform.1.Itsimportantforus_(have)ahealthylifestyle.2.Mywishis_(become)areporter.3.Dontforget_(lock)thedoorwhenyouleave.4.Wouldyoulike_(go)andhaveapicnicwithustomorrow?5.Ioftenhearthegirl_(play)thepianointhenextroom.,tohave,tobecome,tolock,togo,play,.Choosethebestanswerfromthegivenchoices.1.Itistimeforus_themeeting.A.hadB.tohaveC.havingD.have2.Ineedapieceofpaper_.A.towriteB.towriteitC.writeonD.towriteon3.Whichdressdoyoulikebest,Madam?Sorry,Icantdecide_now.A.tobuywhichoneB.buywhichoneC.whichonetobuyD.whichIshouldbuyit.,B,D,C,2.Phrasalverbs动词之后加介词或副词构成短语，构成一个固定词组，表达一种特定的含义，称为短语动词。可看成一个整体,相当于一个单独的动词；如果被拆开则不能表达这种特定的含义。它可分为及物短语动词和不及物短语动词。,(1)v.+prep.(=vt.)后接宾语，可接n.、pron.、v.-ing作其宾语。且宾语无论是何种形式，该n.、pron.、v.-ing一律放在介词后面。agreewith同意askfor请求belongto属于dependon依靠lookat看lookafter照顾learnfrom向学习listento听remindof提醒takeafter与相像thinkof想起,(2)v.+adv.后跟宾语，后可接n.、pron.、v.-ing作宾语。a.接名词时，名词可以放在短语中间或之后b.接代词时，代词只能放在动词和副词之间callup打电话cleanup打扫；清洁endup结束giveaway捐赠giveout分发putoff推迟putup挂起puton穿上setup建立takeaway拿走thinkover考虑turnon打开turnoff关掉wakeup醒来,(3)v.+adv.+prep.(=vt.)这类短语后跟宾语,且宾语必须放在介词后。catchupwith赶上comeupto走近comeupwith提出；想出dowellin擅长getalongwith与相处goonwith继续lookdownupon瞧不起lookforwardto期望runoutof用完,(4)v.+n.+prep.这类短语后跟宾语,宾语放在介词后。payattentionto注意takecareof照顾takepartin参