高三英语“戴着面纱”的“事实”型细节理解题.ppt

难点(八)“戴着面纱”的“事实”型细节理解题该题型的难点在于文章提供的信息量大，考生在提取文中有效信息时容易出现失误，从而误判乃至误选答案。Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?ATofindmorefood.BToprotectthemselvesbetter.CTokeepthemselveswarm.DToproducetheiryoung.,(2010新课标全国卷，C)AlongtheriverbanksoftheAmazonandtheOrinocotherelivesabirdthatswimsbeforeitcanfly，flieslikeafatchicken，eatsgreenleaves，hasthestomachofacowandhasclaws(爪)onitswingswhenyoung.Theybuildtheirhomesabout4.6mabovetheriver，animportantfeature(特征)forthesafetyoftheyoung.Itiscalledthehoatzin.Inappearance，thebirdsofbothsexeslookverymuchalikewithbrownonthebackandcreamandredontheunderside.Theheadissmall，withalargesetoffeathersonthetop，brightredeyes，andblueskin.Itsnearestrelativesarethecommonbirds，cuckoos.Itsmoststrikingfeature，though，isonlyfoundintheyoung.,Babyhoatzinshaveaclawontheleadingedgeofeachwingandanotherattheendofeachwingtip.Usingthesefourclaws，togetherwiththebeak(喙)，theycanclimbaboutinthebushes，lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.Whentheyounghoatzinshavelearnedtofly，theylosetheirclaws.DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birds，butinApril，whentherainyseasonbegins，theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.,Whendangercomesintheformofasnakeoramonkey，theyounghoatzinsmaybethreeinonefamilyjumpoverthesideandintotheriver.Theyswimaboutunderthewateruntilitissafetoreturnandthen，usingtheirclaws，liftthemselvesupthroughthebranchesandgetbackhome.Whentheyhavelearnedtoflytheylosetheirclawsandescapeenemiesnotbyswimmingbutbyflyingoff，inaslowandheavyway，toaneighboringtree.语篇解读这是一篇说明文，介绍生活在南美的亚马逊河流域的一种叫hoatzin的鸟，介绍其身体特征和生活习性。,1Whatisthetextmainlyabout?AHoatzinsindryandrainyseasons.BTherelativesandenemiesofhoatzins.CPrimitivebirdsandhoatzinsoftheAmazon.DTheappearanceandlivinghabitsofhoatzins.,解析：主旨大意题。本文第一段说，在亚马逊河流域有一种鸟，先学会游泳后学会飞翔，第二段说它们的外表，第三段叙述这种鸟从幼鸟到学会飞翔的蜕变，第四段讲述其生活特性，即在每年的12月到3月以及4月份雨季来临时它们的生活习性。从这些叙述看，本文的主题是D，介绍这种叫hoatzin的鸟的外表和生活习性。B项“hoatzin的天敌与亲戚”在本文没有提到，A项“在雨季和干燥季节的hoatzin”；C项“亚马逊的原始鸟与hoatzin”都是文章的部分内容。答案：D,2Younghoatzinsaredifferentfromtheirparentsinthat_.AtheylooklikeyoungcuckoosBtheyhaveclawsonthewingsCtheyeatalotlikeacowDtheyliveonriverbanks解析：事实细节题。第三段说，幼小的hoatzin在其每只翅膀的顶部边缘有一只脚爪，而且每只翅膀的顶部末端还有一只脚爪，它们靠这四只脚爪和喙攀爬，等它们学会飞翔之后，这些脚爪就消失了。由此判断B项正确，成年hoatzin与幼小的hoatzin的区别是，幼鸟在翅膀上有脚爪。答案：B,3Whatcanweinferaboutprimitivebirdsfromthetext?ATheyhadclawstohelpthemclimb.BTheycouldflylongdistances.CTheyhadfourwingslikehoatzins.DTheyhadaheadwithlongfeathersonthetop.解析：推理判断题。第三段说，hoatzin的幼鸟用四只脚爪和喙在灌木丛中攀爬。由此推断，幼鸟的脚爪是用来帮助其攀爬的。答案：A,4Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?ATofindmorefood.BToprotectthemselvesbetter.CTokeepthemselveswarm.DToproducetheiryoung.解析：事实细节题。文章最后一句说，在雨季，这些鸟儿两到七只聚集在一起，是为了“繁殖的目的”(forproducingpurposes)，由此判断选D，其他选项的陈述在文中没有提到。答案：D,【长难句】Usingthesefourclaws，togetherwiththebeak(喙)，theycanclimbaboutinthebushes，lookingverymuchlikeprimitivebirdsmusthavedone.使用四只脚爪，加上它们的喙，它们就能在灌木丛中到处爬行，看起来非常像原始鸟爬行的样子。,化难为易所谓细节理解题，是指文章提到了与某个试题相关的时间、地点、人物或事件。细节理解题一般包括直接理解题和语意转化题，所以破解“事实”型细节理解题就像是在揭开一层面纱。抓住文章中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型试题的基础。换句话说，该类型试题大部分都可以在文