osha教材-PPE-个人防护用品.ppt

OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,1,PersonalProtectiveEquipment,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,2,ProtectingEmployeesfromWorkplaceHazards,Employersmustprotectemployeesfromworkplacehazardssuchasmachines,hazardoussubstances,anddangerousworkproceduresthatcancauseinjuryEmployersmust:UseallfeasibleengineeringandworkpracticecontrolstoeliminateandreducehazardsThenuseappropriatepersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)ifthesecontrolsdonoteliminatethehazards.Remember,PPEisthelastlevelofcontrol!,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,3,PaymentforPPE,WhenPPEisrequiredtoprotectemployees,itmustbeprovidedbytheemployeratnotcosttoemployees,exceptforspecificitems,suchas:Safety-toefootwear,Prescriptionsafetyeyewear,Everydayclothingandweather-relatedgear,andLoggingboots(See72FR64341,Nov.15,2007),OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,4,EngineeringControls,If.Themachineorworkenvironmentcanbephysicallychangedtopreventemployeeexposuretothepotentialhazard,Then.Thehazardcanbeeliminatedwithanengineeringcontrol.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,5,EngineeringControls(contd),InitialdesignspecificationsSubstitutelessharmfulmaterialChangeprocessEncloseprocessIsolateprocessVentilation,Examples.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,6,WorkPracticeControls,If.Employeescanberemovedfromexposuretothepotentialhazardbychangingthewaytheydotheirjobs,Then.Thehazardcanbeeliminatedwithaworkpracticecontrol.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,7,WorkPracticeControls(contd),UseofwetmethodstosuppressdustPersonalhygieneHousekeepingandmaintenanceJobrotationofworkers,Examples.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,8,ExamplesofPPE,Eye-safetyglasses,gogglesFace-faceshieldsHead-hardhatsFeet-safetyshoesHandsandarms-glovesBodies-vestsHearing-earplugs,earmuffs,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,9,EstablishingaPPEProgram,Setsoutproceduresforselecting,providingandusingPPEaspartofanemployersroutineoperationFirst-assesstheworkplacetodetermineifhazardsarepresent,orarelikelytobepresent,whichnecessitatetheuseofPPEOncetheproperPPEhasbeenselected,theemployermustprovidetrainingtoeachemployeewhoisrequiredtousePPE,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,10,Training,WhenPPEisnecessaryWhattypeofPPEisnecessaryHowtoproperlyputon,takeoff,adjust,andwearLimitationsofthePPEPropercare,maintenance,usefullifeanddisposal,EmployeesrequiredtousePPEmustbetrainedtoknowatleastthefollowing:,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,11,EyeProtection,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,12,Whataresomeofthecausesofeyeinjuries?,Dustandotherflyingparticles,suchasmetalshavingsorsawdustMoltenmetalthatmightsplashAcidsandothercausticliquidchemicalsthatmightsplashBloodandotherpotentiallyinfectiousbodyfluidsthatmightsplash,spray,orsplatterIntenselightsuchasthatcreatedbyweldingandlasers,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,13,SafetySpectacles,Madewithmetal/plasticsafetyframesMostoperationsrequiresideshieldsUsedformoderateimpactfromparticlesproducedbysuchjobsascarpentry,woodworking,grinding,andscaling,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,14,Goggles,Protecteyes,eyesockets,andthefacialareaimmediatelysurroundingtheeyesfromimpact,dust,andsplashesSomegogglesfitovercorrectivelenses,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,15,WeldingShields,Protecteyesfromburnscausedbyinfraredorintenseradiantlight,andprotectfaceandeyesfromflyingsparks,metalspatter,andslagchipsproducedduringwelding,brazing,soldering,andcutting.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,16,LaserSafetyGoggles,Protecteyesfromintenseconcentrationsoflightproducedbylasers.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,17,FaceShields,ProtectthefacefromnuisancedustsandpotentialsplashesorspraysofhazardousliquidsDonotprotectemployeesfromimpacthazards,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,18,HeadProtection,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,19,Whataresomeofthecausesofheadinjuries?,FallingobjectsBumpingheadagainstfixedobjects,suchasexposedpipesorbeamsContactwithexposedelectricalconductors,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,20,ClassesofHardHats,ClassAGeneralservice(e.g.,mining,buildingconstruction,shipbuilding,lumbering,andmanufacturing)GoodimpactprotectionbutlimitedvoltageprotectionClassBElectricalworkProtectagainstfallingobjectsandhigh-voltageshockandburnsClassCDesignedforcomfort,offerlimitedprotectionProtectsheadsthatmaybumpagainstfixedobjects,butdonotprotectagainstfallingobjectsorelectricalshock,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,21,HearingProtection,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,22,Earmuffs,Earplugs,CanalCaps,ExamplesofHearingProtectors,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,23,FootProtection,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,24,Whataresomeofthecausesoffootinjuries?,HeavyobjectssuchasbarrelsortoolsthatmightrollontoorfallonemployeesfeetSharpobjectssuchasnailsorspikesthatmightpiercethesolesoruppersofordinaryshoesMoltenmetalthatmightsplashonfeetHotorwetsurfacesSlipperysurfaces,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,25,SafetyShoes,Haveimpact-resistanttoesandheat-resistantsolesthatprotectagainsthotsurfacescommoninroofing,paving,andhotmetalindustriesSomehavemetalinsolestoprotectagainstpuncturewoundsMaybedesignedtobeelectricallyconductiveforuseinexplosiveatmospheres,ornonconductivetoprotectfromworkplaceelectricalhazards,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,26,MetatarsalGuards,Apartoftheshoesorstrappedtotheoutsideofshoestoprotecttheinstepfromimpactandcompression.,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,27,HandProtection,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,28,Whataresomeofthehandinjuriesyouneedtoguardagainst?,BurnsBruisesAbrasionsCutsPuncturesFracturesAmputationsChemicalExposures,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,29,Norfoillaminateresistspermeationandbreakthroughbyanarrayoftoxic/hazardouschemicals.,Butylprovidesthehighestpermeationresistancetogasorwatervapors;frequentlyusedforketones(M.E.K.,Acetone)andesters(AmylAcetate,EthylAcetate).,TypesofGloves,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,30,Vitonishighlyresistanttopermeationbychlorinatedandaromaticsolvents.,Nitrileprovidesprotectionagainstawidevarietyofsolvents,harshchemicals,fatsandpetroleumproductsandalsoprovidesexcellentresistancetocuts,snags,puncturesandabrasions.,TypesofGloves(contd),OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,31,Kevlarprotectsagainstcuts,slashes,andabrasion.,Stainlesssteelmeshprotectsagainstcutsandlacerations.,TypesofGloves(contd),OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,32,BodyProtection,OSHAOfficeofTrainingandEducation,33,Whataresomeofthecausesofbodyinjuries?,IntenseheatSplashesofhotmetalsandotherhotliquidsImpactsfromtools,machinery,andmaterialsCutsHazardouschemicalsContactwithpoten