大学生英语竞赛作文.ppt

大学生英语竞赛题型展示作文,与平时的其他英语考试不同的是，英语竞赛的写作有两篇作文。第一篇一般是应用文，比如通知、广告、给指定某某人的信等等格式，所以要注意不同应用文的格式，比如开头有没有必要的标题或是称呼，第二篇就是四六级常见的议论文，主要也是与学生生活贴近的话题拿出来讨论，列出自己的观点条理清晰很重要。初赛的写作难度都不高，决赛的写作部分是发挥你英语水平的好时候。,作文,应用文类型,应用文一般会给出一个特定的情景，要求考生根据该情景写一封短信、倡议书或演说词等。应用文涉及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近,主要包括：投诉信、求职信、求学信、拒绝信、道歉信、感谢信、祝贺信、邀请信、求职信、演说辞、倡议书、海报、景点介绍和日程安排等。,一.报告,例1Directions:Youarepreparingforafieldreport,pleasewriteitinabout100wordswithsuchitemsasfollowing:thecurrentsituationoftheequipmentsyourreasonandsuggestionTo:Mr.ZhaoMinghua,presidentofBeijingUniversityFrom:Mr.LiHongJun,DeanofStudies.Subject:Buyingcomputersandvideotaperecorders.,DearMr.President:UpontherequestoftheEquipmentDivisionoftheuniversity,wehaveinspectedthelaboratoryofthePhysicalDepartmentandfounditspresentequipmentsunsatisfactorytostudent,particularlytopostgraduates.Becausetherearefourtycomputersinourlaboratory,buttherearealmosttentimesthestudentsand25percentarepostgraduates.Thelaboratorymaterialissoshortagethatthesituationhavetobeimprovedatonce.Inordertoenhancetheeffectofexperiments,itisherebyrecommendedthattwentycomputersandtenvideotaperecordersbeboughtandissuedtothelaboratory.LiHongJun这是一份实地考察报告，要求将所看到的状况实事求是的反映出来。upontherequest表示在的要求下，以request表示要求一般比较正式。postgraduates即研究生,一.报告,二.海报,海报是人们日常生活中极为常见的一种招贴形式，多用于电影、戏曲、比赛、文艺演出等活动。海报中通常要写清楚活动的性质，活动的主办单位、时间、地点等内容。海报的语言要求简明扼要，形式要做到机关报颖美观。海报的格式，通常有三部分组成，即标题、正文与落款。海报的标题对于海报的宣传极为重要。因此标题的撰写昼做到简洁明快，新颖醒目，抓住读者的注意力，海报的标题形式通常有两种：一是直接使用“海报”（Poster）一词；另一种则是根据海报的内容，撰写标题。海报正文是海报的核心部分，它是对海报标题的具体描述。语言要求形象生动，简明扼要。做到既有鼓动性，又不夸大其辞。正文的常见表现形式有：简介说明式，文学描述式，美术设计式。,二.海报,例1Directions:YouarepreparingforafriendlyBasketballMatch.Writeaposterwhichasksfor:1)therightformofastandardposter2)writetheplaceandtimeclearlyYoushouldwriteabout100words.,二.海报,POSTERFriendlyBasketballGameThereisgoingtobeafriendlyandwonderfulbasketballmatchbetweenBeijingForestryUniversityBasketballTeamandoursundertheauspicesoftheRecreationalandPhysicalCultureDepartmentofthestudentsunionofthecollege.Ithasbeendecidedthatthisbasketballmatchwillbeheldatthestudentsactivitycenterwhichcouldcontainatleast200peopleonSaturday,Aug.23rd,2004,at5:00p.m.Itisexpectedthatthecompetitionbetweenthetwoteamswillbekeenandsevere.Allofyouarecordiallywelcometopresentthematch.TheRecreationalandPhysicalCultureDepartmentoftheStudentsUnionofthecollege.Thursday.Aug.21st.2004“由举办”可以用词组“undertheauspicesof”，另外，注意中英文通知中落款时间书写位置的差别，中文一般写在右下角，英文写在左下角。,三.通知,通知是上级对下级、团体对个人部署工作、传达事情或召开会议时所用的一种文体。同级单位有事情要进行讨论或协商，也可以互发通知。通知分两种：一种是以布告形式，把事情通知有关人员；另一种是以书信形式，把相关事情传达给有关人员。一般说来，通知正文上面正中的地方往往有Notice或NOTICE一词作为题目，正文的下面是发出通知的单位名称。有时，发出通知单位的名称也可写在正文之前。发出通知的日期一般写在左下角；发出通知的人或单位的名称，可以写在右下角。这两项有时也可以省略。发出通知的单位和通知对象一般都用第三人称，但若正文前用了称呼语，则应用第二人称表示被通知的对象。,例1Directions:Ifyouaretheorganizerofatourandyoushouldgiveanoticetotellthetouristssomethingaboutit.Itshouldinclude:1)Whereisthedestinationofthetour.2)Whatshouldthetouristspayattentionto.Youshouldwritenolessthan100words.,三.通知,三.通知,NOTICETOTOURISTSAccordingtotheschedule,thetouringpartywillvisittheSummerPalaceandTianAnmenSquaretoday.YoucanleaveyourbaggageintheLeftBaggageOfficeandpickituplaterthisafternoonifitistooheavytocarrywithyou.Thereceiptofthebaggageshouldbekeptcarefullybecauseyouwillneedit.WewillcometotheSummerPalacefirstandfinishthetourat2pm.ThenwearegoingtothedestinationofTianAnmenSquarewithoutparking.Sopleasedontgetoffthesightseeingbusduringthejourneyuntilthedriversaysthatitistimeforfoodanddrinksortoilets.Pleasebeontime!*这是一张旅行团张贴的布告，告知游客当天的活动以及注意事项。“行李寄存处”叫LeftBaggageOffice,这是美国英语。英国人管行李叫luggage，与此相对的,行李寄存处便是LeftLuggageOffice。领取行李，美语toclaimbaggage,英国人说toreclaimluggage。旅游车是sightseeingbus或coach.,常用句式常用的起首语有：1）ThankyouforyourletterdatedDec.22,1969.2)ManythanksforyourletterofSept.5，1997.3)AthousandthanksforyourkindletterofJune5,1997.4)YourkindletterofNovember22tharrivedthismorning.5)Yourletterwhicharrivedthismorninggavemegreatcomfort.6)Inreplytoyourletterdated4thJuly,Iwanttosay7)ThankyouverymuchforyourletterofAugust2andthegiftyousentmeonChristmasEve.8)WhatatreattoreceiveyourkindletterofMay5th!9)Itisalwaysathrilltoseeyournicehandwriting.10)FirstofallImustthankyouforyourkindassistanceandhighattentiontome.11)WithgreatdelightIlearnfromyourletterofthisSundaythat14)Iamverymuchpleasedtoinformyouthatmyvisittoyourcountryhasbeenapproved.15)Iwishtoapplyforteachingpositionyouareoffering.16)Iamtooexcitedanddelightedatyourgoodnews.17)Iamveryobligedtoyouforyourwarmcongratulations.,四.信件,四.信件,常用的结束语有：1）Awaitingyourgoodnews,2)Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply,3)Hopingtohearfromyousoon,4)Weawaityourgoodnews.5)Ihopetohearfromyouverysoon.6)Welookforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.7)IlookforwardtoournextmeetingthereinLosAngeles.8)Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.9)Anyotherparticularswantedweshallbepleasedtosendyou.10)Thehelpyougivemeissincerelyvalued.11)Ihopeeverythingwillbewellwithyou.12)Pleaseletusknowifyouwantmoreinformation.13)Ihopeyoualwaysenjoyyourself.14)Iwishyouverysuccessinthecomingyear.15)Pleaseremembermetoyourfamily.16)Withbestregardstoyourfamily.17)Allthebest.18)Withloveandgoodwishes.,四.信件,结束语（ComplimentaryClose）结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称，只占一行，低于正文一二行，从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。第一个词的开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定例如写给机关、团体或不相识的人的信，一般用：Yours(very)truly,Yours(very)faithfully,Yours(very)sincerely，等等。写给上级和长者的信一般可用：Yours(very)respectfully,Yours(very)obediently,Yoursgratefully,Yoursappreciatively,Yourobedientservant,等等。写给同志或同事的信一般可用：Fraternallyyours,Comradelyyours，等等。写给熟人或朋友的信可用：Yours,Everyours,Yoursaffectionately,Asever,YourssincerelyYoursdevotedly,(Most)Fondlyyours,Yoursexcitedly,Intimatelyyours，等等。写给亲属或挚友的信一般用：Yours,Everyours,Yoursasever,Asever,Yoursaffectionately,Lovinglyyours,(Much)Love,WithLove,Lovingly,Yourlovingson,Yourmostaffectionate,Yourdevotedfriend,Devotedly,等等，意即：“您的”、“永远是您的”、“您的亲爱的”、“您的爱子（孩子、姐妹、侄、侄女、祖母）”、“您的挚友”等。写给挚友的信有时也可用：Yourshurriedly,Yourshastily,Yoursinhaste,等等。写信给挚友，表示歉意时，可用：Contritelyyours,Regretfullyyours,Yoursin(with)regret,Yoursin(with)deepremorse等。在欧洲一些国家里，多把Yours放在sincerely等词的前面。在美国和加拿大等国，则多用，把yours放在Sincerely等词之后。Yours一词有时也可省略。,四.信件,例1Directions：BillgotaDoctorateinliteratureforTsinghuaUniversity.Writealettertocongratulatehim.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearBill,IgotthenewsfromMikethatyouhavereceivedaDoctorateinliteraturefromTsinghuaUniversity.Icongratulateyouforthis.Tohavereachedthismilestoneinyourscholarshipatayoungageisreallygreat.Itmeans,Ibelieve,yearsofassiduousstudyandhardworkonyourpart.Anditisanachievementyoucanbewellproudof.Asyourbestfriend,Ihopeyoucanreachhigherlevelinyourstudyanddomorecontributiontothesociety.Mybestwishestoyou!Sincerely,朋友年轻有为，获得博士学位，应该祝贺。正如信中所说，这一成就是“多年来刻苦学习和努力工作的结果”（yearsofassiduousstudyandhardwork）。英文有一句成语：Nosweetnosweat.世界上不劳有获的事情是没有的。,批评、抱怨、投诉模版Date:_Dear:_Mynameis_.Iam_.Iventuretowriteyoualetterabout_Thefocusofthecomplaintis_Foronething,_.Foranother,_Honestlyspeaking,_.But_.Besides,_Allinall,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.Idohope_.Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.Sincerelyyours(Signature),四.信件,Autobiography(自传）,Outline出生情况（时间、地点、性别）；受教育情况；工作或学习经历；个人成长；将来的追求,Autobiography(自传）,MynameisLiuBao.IwasborninHonghuonFeb.14,1965.myfatherisaworkerinafactoryproducingclothesandshoes.Mymotherisamiddleschoolteacher.Mybrotherownsasmallbookshopnearacollege.Mostofmyfamilymembershelphirunthebookshopwhenwehavetime!Attheageofthirteen,IcametoJingzhoutoattendasecondaryschool.Istayedwithmygrandmother.ForthefirsttimeIrealizedthatnowhereisbetterthanhome.Mygrandmothershouseismuchlargerthanthatofoursandfurnishedwithmodernfurniture.However,Istillmissmyparents,brothersandsisters.,Autobiography(自传）,Onethingllearnedinthosedays(ofleavingawayfrom)homealoneisthatallparentslovetheirchildrensomuchthattheyevensacrificetheirowntimetotakecareoftheirdearchildren.IhopeIwillbealetotreatmyparentswellwhenthegrowold.IowemyknowledgetomyteacherMissLinwhomademestudyhard,especiallyinEnglish.Duringthesummervacation,shegavemefreetutoringinherhouse.IlearnedtoreadEnglishnewspapersandmagazinesandthisopenedmyeyestoalotofinterestingthings.,Autobiography(自传）,Iremembermyteacheroncesaidthat“Thereisnoshortcutinlearninganything.”Ialsolearntowritesimplelettersandexchangecorrespondencewithpenpalsinforeigncountries.SomeofthemevencametoJingzhoutoseeme.Wereadthoseletterstogetherandhadmuchfuntalkingtoeachother.Ishowedthemourhappylifeandwastoldabouttheirhomelands.Ibelievethatthisisagoodwaytopromotefriendshiponapeople-to-peoplebasis.,Autobiography(自传）,Ibegantoteachinaninstitutetwoyearsago,butIsoonfoundthatitwouldntdomemuchgoodtocontinueteaching,becauseIhadlittlechancetolearnmoreaboutthewiderworld.IdontmindworkinghardeverydaybutIwanttolearnmoreandmeetmorepeople.,ApplicationLetter,求职、应征信是用来直接向某一单位（公司）求取一份工作的申请信。它们没有统一的格式，写求职信时要注意以下几点：1）同所有的书信一样，应写得认真、有礼貌，对所求职单位加以褒赞，并表示对该单位的向往之情，希望得到该单位工作；2）应详细介绍自己的情况，包括受教育、专业、工作履历、家庭、婚姻等各方面的情况；3）应写清楚求取工作种类、工作级别，给别人一个考虑选择的机会；,ApplicationLetter,4）应写明自己的联系地址、电话等，最好附上一个已写明邮编、地址的回邮信封，以便对方同你取得联系，并能及时回信；5）如有必要，应随信附上有关的求职、应征材料（如求职推荐信、个人简历、在校时成绩单等），并在信后说明,ApplicationLetter,DearSir,Iamlookingforapositionasafull-timesecretaryinyourcompany.AsagraduatewithaB.A.inEnglishliteraturefromJiaxingUniversity,IamabletowritelettersandreportsinEnglishforoverseascorrespondenceandbriefingpurpose.Iwouldbepleasedtorenderallmypastexperiencestoyourcompanyforimprovingyourpresentbusiness.MyreferencesareavailableandImreadytosendthemtoyouuponnotice.Iamlookingforwardtoreceivingyourreplyandqueryinconnectionwithmybackgroundofeducation.Thankyouforyourconsideration,sincerelyyours,ZhangMing,DearSir,Ifanabilitytotakedirectionwell,andtocarryoutordersfaithfully,isimportanttoyou,thenImaybeagoodmanforthejobyouadvertisedintheTodayNewspapersofAugust15.ThejobsoundsparticularlyinterestingbecauseitispreciselythekindofworkIhavewantedtodoforyears.MyworkingexperiencethusfarhasIthink,givemetheattitudesandtheunderstandingthatwouldenablemetolearnthedetailsofthepositionyouveadvertised.Idverymuchappreciatethechancetotalktoyou,andtogetyouropiniononwhethermybackgroundandinclinationswouldbesuitableforthejobyouoffer.Icanbereachedbytelephoneaincerely,ZhangLi,ApplicationLetter,议论文,写作框架如下：第一段：现象背景介绍+引出话题（公众观点+大概理由）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。组成一篇文章的三要素是：结构，内容和语言。对于此类型的文章，同学们是很难在结构上略胜一筹的；至于具体内容，也完全不需要推陈出新，因为批卷老师是完全没有时间仔细看理由的。所以，如何体现我们的写作能力和文章价值，关键在于文章遣词造句的质量。此类文章的高分原则为：第一，在文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词，来体现逻辑性。第二，用词尽量避免重复，体现语言的灵活和升级。第三，尽量使用非陈述句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等。,辩论式议论文模版1,Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that观点1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或:Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.,ThereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX(争论的焦点)。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat观点1，whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat观点2。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotionispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,论据1。Furthermore,论据2。Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,论据3。Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.,辩论式议论文模版2,个人观点议论文,Model(1)Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontocollegestudentsusingcreditcards_.SomepeoplearguethatthiswillleadtoatendencyofcollegestudentsspendingmoneywithoutlimitationwhileothersfirmlyholdthatcollegestudentsareadultsandtheyhavetheabilitytochoosewhateverwayofspendingmoneyInmyopinion,Ithinkthisquestionshouldbeprobedindepth.Ononehand,thefirstgroupisnottotallycorrectbecausemoneyinacreditcardisnotcountlessandthehostbankhascertainstrictdisciplinesofusingcreditcards.Ontheotherhand,thesecondgroupseemsnotquiterightbecausetherearereallysomecollegestudentswhohavenoself-controlwhenitcomesthespendingofmoney.Inaword,wecanseeclearlythatthekeyliesincollegestudentsself-controlwhentheygoshoppingwithcreditcards.Otherwisetheadvantagesofusingcreditcardsmaybecomeaburdentothem.,_hasbeenonemediumofcommunicationthathasconnectedallthepeoplearoundworld.Moreandmorepeople