定语从句考点大观.ppt

定语从句考点大观,定语从句考点大观,考点一关系词的选择,考点二、Prep.+which/whom的用法：,1.Thegirl_whomhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.2.Heistheman_whomIthinkyoucandepend.3.Hereferredtosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.,方法1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配,for,on,with,Which和whom前介词的确定依据,方法2.看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配,1.Hemadeaholeinthewall,_whichhecouldseewhatwasgoingonoutsidethehouse.2.Thelibrarian_whomIjustshookhandsworksheartandsoul.,through,with,方法3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,1.Therate_whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.2.Thisisourclassroom,_（在前面）whichthereisateachersdesk.,at,inthefrontof,考点三、名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom用法,1.Thecommitteeconsistsof20membersand5ofthemarewomen.2.Thebookcontains50poems,andmostofthemwerewrittenin1930s.3.Ihaveasentence,andthemeaningofitIdontunderstand.,Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5ofwhomarewomen.,Thebookcontains50poems,mostofwhichwerewrittenin1930s.,Ihaveasentence,themeaningofwhichIdontunderstand.,Rewritethefollowingsentences,考点四、whose在定语从句中的使用,whose表示所属关系,Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.,whose,Thereareinthisclass20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,考点五、先行词是时间和地点名词时关系词的确定,1.先行词是表示地点,时间,原因的名词或含有地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句.when,where,why在从句中作状语相当于相应的介词+which,2.若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Thelibrary_youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.,Thisisthetown_Ispentmychildhood.,where/inwhich,which/that,Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentwithyou.,when/onwhich,which/that,Thisisthereason_Ididntcomehere.,why/forwhich,Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.,which/that,辨析填空,考点六、as和which的区别：,as引导的限制性定语从句,此时先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成suchas,thesameas,soas,asas结构，做题时容易忽略。提示：在做有关定语从句题目时，如果选项中出现as,请先考虑是否考查as引导的定语从句。,as作为关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语、宾语或表语.,1、用于非限制性定语从句时，可以指代整个主句的内容，as和which可以换用。Helefther,as/whichwasstrange.2、as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。Aseveryoneknows,TomisgoodatEnglish.3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时，常用as作主语。asissaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed等。Asisknowntoall,TaiwanispartofChina.4、as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用as:,asiswellknown/isknowntoallashasbeensaidbeforeashasbeenalreadypointedoutasweallcanseeasisexpected/hoped/supposed,.asisoftenthecase,as引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有,众所周知,如前所述,正如已经指出的,正如我们所看到的,正如所盼望的/希望的/料想的,情况常常如此,5、which引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。Thedecisionwasright,whichwasexactlywhathewanted.6、which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。Thefootballmatch,whichIwatchedyesterday,isveryinteresting.7、which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句的谓语带有宾语，有的还带宾语补足语。Thatthingsimproved,whichastonishedme.8、which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容从句为否定式或带否定前缀的形容词。Hewasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.,1.定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性。试比较：Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowasherejustnow.Heisoneofthestudentswhowereherejustnow.2.定语从句与并列结构。试比较：Hehastwosons,neitherofwhomlookslikehim.Hehastwosons,andneitherofthemlookslikehim.,考点七、定语从句的注意事项以及与其他句型的区别：,3、是用theone还是用that,which,where.（1）Isthisschool_youstudy?（2）Isthistheschool_youstudyin?（3）Isthistheschool_youstudy?（4）Isthisschool_isaseniorone?A.that/whichB.whereC.theoneD.theonewhereE.theonethat/which遇到这类句子，先将其变成肯定句，再看主句是否缺少表语。若缺表语，则必须用theone的形式，接着再看theone在从句中作什么成分，若作状语，则必须用theonewhere，若作主语或宾语时，则用theone(that/which),D,A,B,E,4、是用when还是用that,which（1）May1istheday_wespenttogether.（2）May1istheday_ijoinedthearmy.A.that/whichB.when当先行词是表示时间的名词时，作时间状语时，用when,若作主语或宾语时，就用that/which.,A,B,5.where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。如：1)IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.2)Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituationwhereheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.在这两句中，where引导的定语从句分别修饰point和situation,表示抽象意义“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。同类的词语还有case,position,stage;以及注意occasion后接when。,6、定语从句与强调结构的区别（1）Itwasinthishouse_hewasborn.（2）Itwasthishouse_hewasborn.（3）Itwasinthehouse_heusedtoliveinthattheexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there判断是否是强调结构的方法是去掉itis/wasthat,若整个句子结构和意义不受影响，则为强调结构，否则为定语从句。,B,A,C,7、定语从句与其他从句的区别（1）定语从句与地点状语从句的区别是看有无表示地点的名词作先行词，有则是定语从句，试比较：Youshouldleavethetoywhereyoucanfind.Istillrememberthebusstopwhere/atwhichImetyou.（2）定语从句与结果状语从句的区别是看从句的连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句；若连接词在句中不作成分时，则为结果状语从句。试比较Heissuchakindpersonaseverybodylikes.Heissuchakindpersonthateverybodylikeshim.,3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别主要是看连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句，不作成分而只是表示前面名词的具体内容的则是同位语从句。试比较：Thenewsthathehadbeenbacksurprisedusall.Thenews(that)hetoldussurprisedusall.8、way后面的定语从句（用that/inwhich或省略）：Pleasetellmetheway(that/inwhich)youdidthejob.,考点八、fromwhich与fromwhere的区别：,Soonaftergettingoffhishorse,thecaptainappearedatthesecondstoreywindows,fromwherehecouldseenothingbuttrees.下马不久，上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。(引导定语从句)划线部分相当于,andfromatthewindows不可变为fromwhich，直接用where不如用fromwhere更具体。,ThecarstoppedsuddenlyonlyafewinchesfromwhereIstood.（引导状语从句）这里的划线部分中where引导的是宾语从句，与from一起作地点状语从句。Whereisthebookfromwhichyouquotedthissentence?=Whereisthebookwhichyouquotedthissentencefrom?你是从哪本书上引用的句子？fromwhich中的which指代句子中具体的物，而fromwhere是从某个地方。,lookoverthere!Somepeoplearestandingunderthebigtree,_youcanenjoythewholeview.A.whichB.fromwhichCwhereDfromwhere分析:where代表underthetree这个地方，如果用which就只能代表thebigtree,这句话的意思不是Enjoythewholeviewfromthebigtree.而是fromunderthebigtree.介词后接介词短语的例子还是常见的.实际上这个句子完整的应该是Youcanenjoythewholeviewfromtheplaceunderthebigtree.theplace被省略了。该句属于定语从句。,2010年高考真题练习,StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose24.答案：B考点：定语从句解析：先行词为planet，表示地点，故用where。,Ivebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which答案：A考点：考查定语从句。解析：该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词thestudents，且在从句中作met的宾语，故选关系代词who，即A项。,Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister_shewouldstayforanhour.AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhat答案：A考点：考察定语从句。解析：先行词为centre,shewouldstayforanhour不缺宾语或主语,故要填状语,表地点用where。,Thatsthenewmachine_partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What答案：C考点：本题考查定语从句的引导词。解析：句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose。,Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich答案：C考点：此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句解析：考察介词+which的用法。=Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywhichthatwemayreturntointhenearfuture.,CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?Youshouldtrythebarbers_Igo.Itsonly15.A.asB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C.考点：考查定语从句。句意：你能相信我理一次发得花20美元