《英汉转换翻译》PPT课件.ppt

Thiswatchnevervariesmorethanasecondinamonth.这块表一个月的误差从不超过一秒钟。Brightwarmdaysfollowclearcoolnights.白日明媚温暖，夜晚清澈凉爽。,一、转译成动词(Convertingintoverbs),1.名词转译成动词（n.-v.）英语中具有动作意义的名词，汉译时往往可转化为动词。Familiesupstairshavetocarrypailstothehydrantdownstairsforwater.住在楼上的人家得提着水桶去楼下的水龙头打水。(5verbs)Theywentonstrikeindemandofa40percentwageincrease.他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。Givemelibertyorgivemedeath.不自由，毋宁死。Heisanenemytoreform.他反对改革。,IamafraidIcantteachyouEnglish.IthinkmydaughterisabetterteacherthanI.恐怕我教不了你英语，我想我女儿比我教得好。TheoperationofacomputerneedssomeknowledgeofEnglish.操作电脑需要一些英语知识。2.介词转译成动词（prep.-v.）Theroadtodevelopmentislongbutwearefirmlyonit.发展的道路虽然漫长，可我们已坚定地走上了这条路。Heiswalkingintheparkwithanumbrellainhishand.他在公园散步，手里拿着一把伞。,Itisourgoalthatthepeopleintheundevelopedareaswillbefinallyoffpoverty.我们的目标是使不发达地区的人民最终摆脱贫困。Thecompanyhasadvertisedinthenewspaperforelectronicexperts.公司在报上登广告招聘电子方面的专家。Aforceisneededtomoveanobjectagainstinertia.为使物体克服惯性而运动，就需要一个力。,“Coming!”Awaysheskimmedoverthelawn,upthepath,upthesteps,acrosstheverandah,andintotheporch.“来啦！”他转身蹦跳着越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。Partyofficialsworkedlonghoursonmeagerfood,incoldcaves,bydimlamps.党的干部每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是黯淡的油灯。,3形容词转译成动词（adj.-v.）Doctorshavesaidthattheyarenotsuretheycansavehislife.医生说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。Dontbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterthanyouare.不要恐惧那些想法可能比你高明，或者那些可能比你更聪明的人。IsMr.Smithfamiliarwiththeperformanceofthelaboratoryequipment?史密斯先生熟悉实验室设备的性能吗？Bothofthesubstancesaresolubleinwater.两种物质都能溶于水。,4.副词转译为动词（adv.-v.）Whatfilmwillbeonthisevening?今晚放映什么影片？Thatbookwillbeoutprettysoon.那本书不久就要出版了。Inthoseyearstherepublicanswerein.那些年是共和党执政。Doublewindowswerefixedtokeepthecoldout.安装双层窗御寒。动名词转译成动词（gerund-v.）Theoriginofthisparticularcultureisfarfromclearing.这种奇特的文化根源远没有弄清楚。,二转译成名词(ConvertingintoNouns),当英语动词的意义不易用汉语动词表达，或不能表达得很准确时，可以把动词转译为名词。1.动词转移为名词（v.-n.）Themountaineerssetupanothercampthethirddaywhen6,500ft.wasreadfromthealtimeter(高度表).登山运动员第三天建立了另一座营地，当时高度表的读数为6500英尺。Harryaimstobecomeacomputerexpert.哈里的目标是成为计算机专家。Yourworkischaracterizedbylackofattentiontodetail.你工作的毛病是不注意细节。（粗心大意）Themachineweighsaboutfivehundredkilograms.这台机器的重量是500公斤。,*Whenlightfallsoncertainthings,itbouncesback,whichwesaythelightisreflected.光照到某种物体上会弹回来，这种情况我们称之为光受到反射。注意：如果英语动词译成汉语动词时跟前后的修饰语不好搭配；或搭配起来不符合汉语习惯，可以把动词译成名词，再在名词前加上与之搭配的动词。*Theyouthsalwaysdreamfondlyoftheirfuture.年轻人对前途总是怀有美好的梦想。*Independentobservershavecommentedfavorablyontheachievementsyouhavemadeinthisdirection.有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面所取得的成就给予了很高的评价。,2.形容词转译为名词（adj.-n.）有些形容词在翻译时如不易或不能用适宜的汉语形容词表达，可改用名词表达。Thedaywascloudybutthesunwastryingtocomethrough.天上有云，不过太阳就要破云而出了。Obedienceisobligatoryonasoldier.服从命令是军人的天职。ManyWesternpeoplearereligious.很多西方人/西方人多数都是虔诚的教徒。Inthefission(裂变)processthefissionfragmentsareveryradioactive.在裂变过程中，裂变碎片具有强烈的放射性。Itisafactthatglassismuchmoresolublethanquarts(石英).事实上，玻璃的可溶性比石英大得多。,Theydidtheirbesttohelpthesickandthewounded.他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。Boththecompoundsareacids,theformerisstrong,thelatterweak.这两种化合物都是酸，前者是强酸，后者是弱酸。,3.代词转译为名词（pron.-n.）Radiowavesaresimilartolightwavesexceptthattheirwavelengthismuchgreater.无线电波与光波相似，但无线电波的波长要长得多。Thespecificresistance(电阻系数)ofironisnotsosmallasthatofcopper.铁的电阻系数不如铜的电阻系数那样少。Theresultofthisexperimentismuchbetterthanthoseofpreviousones.这次试验的结果比前几次的实验结果都好得多。,4.副词转译为名词（adv.-n.）ItwasofficiallyannouncedthatthePresidenthaddecidedtopostponehisvisittotheMiddleEast.官方宣布，总统已决定推迟出访中东。Oxygenisoneofthemostimportantelementsinthephysicalworld,anditisveryactivechemically.氧是物质世界最重要的元素之一，其化学性能很活泼。,1.名词转化成形容词（NounsConvertedintoAdjectives)Thisexperimentwasasuccess.这个实验很成功。Thepallor(苍白)ofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。,三转译成形容词（conversionintoAdjectives),Theyadmittedthefeasibilityofourproposal.他们承认我们的建议是可行的。Thelawsofthermodynamicsareofprimeimportanceinthestudyofheat.热力学理论对研究热是很重要的。,2.副词转化成形容词（AdverbsconvertedintoAdjectives)Earthquakesarecloselyrelatingtofaulting.地震与地层断裂有密切的关系。Herspeechimpressedusdeeply.她的讲演给我们以深刻的印象。Thepressureinsideequalsthepressureoutside.内部的压力和外部的压力相等。Manyplantshereareofmodernconstruction.这儿的许多工厂是现代建筑。Heisphysicallyweakbutmentallysound.他身体虽弱，但心智健全。(adv.-n.)Howcanitbeprovedthatgasesareperfectlyelastic(弹性的)?如何证明气体具有理想的弹性呢？,Ex.,Youareagreaterblockhead(傻瓜)thanIhadsupposedyoutobe.你比我所想象的要傻得多（n.adj.）OurgovernmentshowsgreatconcernfortheChineseresidentabroad.我国政府十分关心海外华侨。(adv.adj.)Hisaddressimpressedmedeeply.他的讲话给我留下很深的印象。(adv.adj.)Fromthefront,backandbothsideswekeptastrictwatchontheenemy.我们在前后左右严密地监视敌人。(adj.adv.),HeistherightmanImlookingfor.他正是我在找的人。(adj.adv.)Theunitofweightisthegram,tha