必修五Unit-1重点词汇讲解.doc

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists31. conclude Vt. 断定，推断出；结束搭配：conclude sth. from sth. 从中推断出 conclude sth. with sth./by doing sth. 以结束to conclude/in conclusion 最后，总之（常作插入语）draw /reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论come to the conclusion that 所得结论是He concluded his speech with/by reading a poem. What do you conclude from these facts. The doctor concluded that the patients disease was cancer. To conclude/in conclusion, I wish you all good health and a long life.2. defeat 使受挫；打败例句： He has been soundly defeated at chess.他在象棋比赛中一败涂地。辨析defeat/win/beatbeat defeat 击败，打败 + 人/ 团体，多指在战争，比赛, 竞选或辩论中战胜对手。win 赢得，获得 + 比赛/ 奖品， 多指赢得比赛，奖励，胜利，尊重，名声，战争等。win + a game/ a race/an election/a victory/a champion/ (1st,2nd )prize/scholarship/a gold medal/sbs trust/love/respect/a battle/a war.beat 还可指心跳、敲、击。运用：1)Who do you think will _ the beauty contest?2)The army was well trained and well armed，and had little difficulty _the enemy.3) He was so nervous that he could feel his heart _ faster.3. attend参加，出席，上学，到场; 照顾，看护attend sth 出席，参加attend class/ school /a wedding/a funeral /a ceremony /a lecture/a party attend (on/upon) sb. 看护，照料某人 attend to sb./ sth. 致力于；专心于；处理；照顾 辨析：attend做参加讲，宾语通常为 meeting，lecture，funeral，ceremony，party，school join 指加入某组织或团体，成为其中一员，如“参军，入团，入党”等。join in 指参加比赛或活动，take part in 指参加某项集体活动，并在其中起积极作用，可指参加工作，活动等。She attended him in hospital.她在医院护理他。Only a few friends attended their wedding.只有几个朋友参加他们的婚礼。He attended college in 1999.他在1999年去上大学。She is attending upon the patient. 他在侍候病人。attend to Attend to work and stop talking.专心工作，不要说话。 4. expose 使面临，使遭遇（危险，攻击，嘲笑等）；暴露；揭露；使曝光，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）搭配：expose sth/ sb/ oneself to 使.受到/接触be exposed to 招致，暴露于，感染（病） The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rock. 泥土被洪水冲走，露出光秃秃的石头。The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain.婴儿被弃于风雨之中。The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemys fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。5. cure. V. 治愈疾病，纠正，去除（弊端等）; n 治愈，治疗方法，对策搭配：cure作动词 cure sb of sth；作名词a cure for sth例句：She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit.Most of the patients can be cured of the disease.So far, the cure for AIDS has not been found yet.It is a pity that there is no easy cure for loneliness. recover意思为“痊愈, 复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。Hes now fully recovered from his bad cold. 6. absorb v 吸收（液体，声音，光线，知识等），吸引（注意力）搭配： be absorbed in 专心致志于 be absorbed into 被吸入（并入）absorb into吞并；吸到 absorb ones attention吸引某人注意He is absorbed in his business. 他专心致志的处理业务。 Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 聪明孩子容易吸收知识。Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the body. 阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。The strong states often absorbed the small states in the past. 过去大国兼并小国 7. blame v.责备搭配：be to blame (for sth.) 某人（因为某事）要受到责备 blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 bear /take the blame for sth. 承担的责任Dont blame it on him, but on me. 别怪他，该怪我。They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan. 他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.那次交通事故不应该责怪司机。We should take the blame for our failure. 我们应该承担失败的责任。8. contribute v 捐助，捐献，投稿; 对有贡献，有助于, 促使（常和介词to搭配使用）搭配： contribute.to.把贡献给 contribute to.导致；向投稿；有助于例句：Most people contributed some money to the poor boy.A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.扩展: make a contribution /contributions to sth. 对做贡献Everyone should contribute three dollars to the Red Cross. 每位工人捐了3美元给红十字会。Ive been asked to contribute an article to the language magazine. 有人请我给那份语言杂志撰篇稿。Fresh air and exercise contribute to good health. 新鲜空气和锻炼有益与健康。Does smoking contributed to lung cancer？吸烟会导致肺癌吗？He made an outstanding contribution to science. 他对科学作出了卓越的贡献。9. put forward 提出; 推荐; 拨快搭配：put forward a suggestion/plan 提出主意、计划put oneself /sth forward as 自荐或推荐某人为某职位的候选人 put sth. forward 提前，把时钟往前拨；提出He often puts forward some useful advice. 他常常提出一些有用的建议。拓展 put的常用词组有：put aside节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；把放在一边 put away储存（钱）；放好 put down放下；记下；镇压 put off延期；推迟 put out熄灭；关掉；扑灭 put through接通电话；完成 put up with忍受；忍耐 put on穿上，演出，增加put out熄灭，扑灭 put up举起，张贴，公布，挂起，建造put into action/effect/practice实施；实行戴氏教育集团黄丽同学第 次课讲义10. apart from 除之外；此外用法：a. 除了.以外（还有）（相当于besides）；除了.以外（没有）（相当于except） Apart from my parents, I have no one to believe in. (相当于except)Everyone in our class went to the cinema apart from Mary. (相当于besides)b. 此外，除掉（相当于except for） I think you really have an artist gift apart from this defect.除了这个缺陷外，我觉得你确实有艺术天赋辨析： besides/except/except for/apart from11. make sense有意义，讲得通扩展：make no sense 没有道理，没意义 make sense of 理解，明白in a sense 在某种程度上 in no sense 绝不a sense of humor/ duty/ beauty/ responsibility.There is no sense in doing sth. 做 没道理the sixth sense第六感What you said made no sense. 你的话没有道理。It makes sense to take care of your health. 注意身体健康是明智的。Can you make sense of this poem? 你看得懂这首诗吗？12. neithernor a. 就近原则 b. 倒装 _ its cause _ its cure was understood. 人们不但不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。13. every/each/next/the first/ last time + 时间状从 the moment/ the minute/ the second/ instantly /directly /immediately+ 时间状从,一就 She went to see him directly she got the letter. Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.饭一吃完他就把收音机打开。She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一听说发生了事故，就立刻到现场来了。The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.14. suggest 建议/ 暗示，表明搭配：suggest doing sth 建议做某事suggest ones sbdoing sth 建议某人做某事suggest sth to sbsuggest 后接宾语从句时，1. 若suggest 表示“建议”，则其后接的 that 从句谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。如： I suggested that she should go home. 我建议她回家去。 She suggested that I (should) be the leader. 她提议由我来做领导人。 2. 若suggest 表示“暗示;表明”等义，则其后接的 that 从句要用陈述语气。如： What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子。 Are you suggesting that Im not suited for the job? 你的意思是说我不适合做这