大学英语实用翻译教程课件.ppt

教案2,APracticalTranslationCourseforCollegeStudents,实用翻译教程,TranslationbeforeClass,Peopleoftensaythatadogismansbestfriend.Overthousandsofyears,manhastaughthisdogstodomanykindsofworkbesidesguardingthehome.Forexample,sheepdogsarefamousfortheirabilitytocontrolaflockofhundredsofsheep.Dogshavebeenusedtoaiddisabledpeopleforcenturies.Aguidedogcanleaditsblindowner.Nowadays,dogscanbetaughttoturnonlightswitches,openrefrigeratordoorsanddialthetelephonefortheirdisabledowners.Forthemajorityofpeople,however,dogsaresimplypetsandfriendsforbothyoungandoldmembersofthefamily.,教学内容,第二章翻译的基础知识与技巧2.1词汇的理解2.1.1理解专业知识和文化背景知识复习概念：翻译的概念、标准、意义、方法等2.1.2词语的分隔2.1.3.“多枝共干”课堂练习课后作业,第二章：翻译的基础知识与技巧,2.1词汇的理解2.1.2词语的分隔英语词语分隔按其性质可分为四大类：修辞性分隔、修饰性分隔、插入性分隔和倒装性分隔。修辞性分隔：为了使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，就把两个本该相连的成分拆开，这种分隔被称之为修辞性分隔。Consumergoodsarealsoabundantofgoodqualityandvariety.质量好，品种多的消费品也供应充足。,修饰性分隔：语法或语义关系密切的两个句子成分被其修饰作用的词语或从句分隔开来，这种分隔称之为修饰性分隔e.g.Hemarkedallthebeesthatcametothenearbyfeedingplaceblue.他给所有来到附件喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色。插入性分隔：当说话者对所述内容进行说明、解释或阐明自己的态度，看法时，往往在句子中插入一些词语。由于在句子插入某些词语而造成的分隔，就叫做插入性分隔。e.g.Ifoundthebook,onthewhole,veryinteresting.总起来看，我觉得这本书非常有趣。e.g.Hisconditionis,whatworriesme,gettingworse.使我忧虑的是，他的健康状况越来越差。,倒装性分隔：由于语法或修辞上的需要，将某些句子成分提到前面，从而造成被提前的成分与原来相关的句子成分分隔开来，这种原因造成的分隔称为倒装性分隔e.g.Poorthoughheis,heishonest.虽然他穷，但他很诚实。e.g.Themoreheworks,themorehegets.他越努力，他就收获越多。e.g.Verygratefulweareforyourhelp.对你们的帮助我们非常感激。,1.Alisthasbeendrawnupofalltheverbstaughtsofar.2.Everydaynewscomesfromalloverthecountryofgreatsuccessinonefieldafteranother.3.Differencestillremainsbetweentownandcountry.4.Inthatyear,theaeronauticalsocietyofGreatBritainwasformedtostimulateresearchandexperiment.5.Thepaper,publishedhere,denouncedtheaggressorsfortheirmassacreoftheinnocentpeople.6.Asuccessfulscientistusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation.,PracticeinClass,“多枝共干”,顾名思义指的是“多个分枝共用一个主干”的意思。指的是“一个动词带有两个或多个宾语;两个或多个动词短语共用一个宾语;一个名词(短语)带有两个或多个修饰语;两个或多个名词(短语)共用一个修饰语”等等此类结构。1.一般情况下,可采用“顺译法”和“重复译法”按照原结构译出。可采用汉语的“不但而且”,“和”,“并且”等结构译出。但由于汉语语义搭配要求甚严,因此,“重复”翻译时要注意词与词的搭配。,2.1.3“多枝共干”,Thescentofarosecanelicitnotonlyapleasurablesensationbutemotionsandmemoriesaswell.玫瑰的香味不但会引起令人愉快的感觉,而且还会诱发情绪和记忆。Notonlydothosesatellitesperformavarietyoftasksbuttheycomeinnumerousshapes,sizesandnationalities.这些卫星不但执行的任务多种多样,而且形状有别、大小不等、国籍迥异。,2.对于“多个名词共用一个后置修饰语”的“多枝共干”结构,除采用上述的“重复译法”外,要把“后置”变“前置”,译成“的”。例如:Kisaconstantwhosevaluedependsuponthenatureanddimensionsoftheobjectunderstress.K是一个常数,其值取决于受压物体的性质和大小。Someoftheenergyofthechargeproducesthesoundandlightwhichenableustohearandseethespark.电荷的部分能量产生了我们能够看到的火花以及能够听到的火花的声音,Allplantandanimaltissuesarelargelycomposedofcarboncompounds,water,andasmallmineralcontent.Theysawnoneedtogiverulesfornominalizationortheconstructionofcausativesentenceswhichpupilsconstantlyused.Culturaltraits,folklore,mythsandbeliefsofvariousethnicgroupsoriginatewithineachgroupaccordingtolawsofculturalevolution.Thescientificeffortsofindividualcountrieswilltendtobeunifiedandcoordinatedbysupra-nationalentities.Beforeliberation,thiscityusedtotoleratedirtandfliesandsufferinconsequenceendemicplague.HewasAmericanIndianwriter,lecturerandactivistinthecauseofIndianrights.,PracticeinClass,PracticeafterClass,Toooftenpeoplesetadifficulttask,thengiveup.Goalsshouldbefocusedonwhatisachievable.Onceyouvedefinedyourgoal,writeitdown.Highachieverstracetheiraccomplishmentstothetimewhentheycommittedtheirgoalstopaper.Breakingagoaldownintobite-sizepiecesmakesachievingitseemslessfearful.Atechniquecalledbackwardplanningconsistsofsettinganobjectiveandthenretracingthestepsneededtoachieveit.Agoalisadreamwithadeadline.Deadlinesprovideatimeframeforactionandgetusmovinginthestrivingforourdreams.Ifyouarereallycommitted,youwillmakethatgoalareality.Setanambitioustargetandcommittoit.Youllfindyoucanrallyresourcesyouneverthoughtyouhad.Usually,itstheanticipationoffailurethatparalyzes,notfailureitself.Wesurviveourfailures.Wepickourselvesupandtryagain.Wehaveto.Alongthewaytoanygoal,youwillbeconfrontedwithobstacles.Beliefinyourselfcanactasananestheticagainstthesesetbacks.Usually,itstheanticipat