2015英语基础写作-句子结构分析.ppt

高中英语写作基础句子结构分析,什么是句子？,无论字数多少，只要有主语和谓语（动词），而且能表达完整的意义的一句话就是一个句子。,Iamtired.,ThebirdinthecagewhichIboughtyesterday,要记住：在英语中，一个句子必须且只能有一个谓语。,句子成分的构成,句子的主干成分：主语（S-subject）谓语（V-verb）宾语（O-object）表语（P-predicative,句子的次要成分：定语（Attri-attribute）状语（Adv-adverb）补语（Oc-objectcomplement）,句子成分练习题(一)(一).指出下列句中主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult.,(二)选出句中谓语的中心词Idontlikethepictureonthewall.Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?,(三)挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?,(四)挑出下列句中的表语Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJim?Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.,(五)挑出下列句中的定语TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.,(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMrWanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?,(七)挑出下列句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.,(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?,句子成分练习题(二)指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whetherwellgodependontheweather.2.Peoplesstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.Illreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.,6.Wearesurethatweshallsucceed.7.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.8.TherearemanyfilmthatIdliketosee.9.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?10.Ihavealotofworktodo.AnywayIwontstopyoufromdoingit.11.Isaiditinfun.,12.Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.Shehadtoworkstandingup.13.Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.14.Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.15.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.,简单句:只包含一个主谓结构的句子.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.并列句:简单句+并列连词+简单句Hurryup,oryoullmissthetrain.常用的连词有and,or,for,but,yet,while,so,notonlybutalsoneithernoreitheror复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。从句包括名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句等TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.,句子的分类,如果是一个复合句，主句和从句都应该分别有自己的主语和谓语。不要把从句的谓语当成句子的谓语,或把主句的谓语当成从句的谓语.典型错误：1)Thosewhoeattoomuchwilleasilyill.,Thosewhoeattoomuchwilleasilygetill.,2)Whenhewalkinginthepark,hefeltalittletired.3）WhenIatschool,Istudiedveryhard.,Whenhewaswalkinginthepark,hefeltalittletired.,WhenIwasatschool,Istudiedveryhard.,Exercises判断句型,1.Havingfinishedhishomework,theboywentontohelphismother.2.Whathesaysdoesntsuitwhathedoes.,(简单句划线部分在句中作状语，修饰整个句子),(复合句包含两个名词性从句：Whathesays是一个主语从句；whathedoes是一个宾语从句),3.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.4.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.5.Thereisachairinthisroom,isntthere?,简单句,复合句,简单句,6.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.7.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.8.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.,并列句,复合句,简单句,9.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.10.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?11.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.12.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.,并列句,复合句,简单句,简单句,简单句的五种句型,1）SV主语谓语,eg.Thetelephonerang.Hisfathermighthavedied.,2)SVP主语谓语表语,eg.Theplansoundsperfect.Frankisanartist.,3)SVO主语谓语宾语,eg.Isawabird.Mysisterenjoyedtheplay.,4)SVOiOd主语谓语+间接宾语直接宾语,eg.TheladygaveJackawatch.Myfatherboughtmeabicycle.,5)SVOC主语谓语宾语补语,eg.Theycalledhimafool.Shefoundthechildrenfastasleep.,*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到谓语!*做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还有及物动词与不及物动词的区别。,.简单句,1.Thingschanged.2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedontbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.5.Ifoundthebookeasy.,主+谓,主+谓+表,主+谓+宾,主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语,主+谓+宾+宾补,Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.,Practice,主+谓,主+谓+表,主+谓+宾,主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语,主+谓+宾+宾补,写一个完整的句子,这几句是正确的句子吗?如果你认为有误,该怎么改?,1.Themeetingwilluntil3:00.,2.Workhard,youwillsucceed.,3.Ihaveabrother,whoisadoctor.4.Thereareonly4studentstakepartintheclass.,last,and,who,taking/totake,5.Pleasespeakloudersothateverybodycanlistenyou.6.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyhometown.7.Listen!Someoneknockingatthedoor.8.Hetoldmedontcallhimbefore9oclock.9.Doyourparentsallowyoumakeyourowndecision?,hear,is,notto,to,10.AlthoughitisonlyAugust,buttheweatherisgettingworsedaily.11.Becausetheprofessorhadfallenill,sohewasnotabletobepresentattheconference.12.InJapan,apersonseesthe“OK”gesturemaythinkitmeansmoney.13.WhenIpasthisroom,IheardhimsinginganEnglishsong.,who,passed,一个句子不能同时有两个谓语。,典型错误：,Theoldmanlikestakeawalkinthevillageaftersupper.,Theoldmanlikestotakeawalkinthevillageaftersupper.,2)Ienjoytalkwithhimoveracupofcoffee.,Ienjoytalkingwithhimoveracupofcoffee.,3)Theboyrantohismothercry.,Theboyrantohismothercrying.,4)Afterwritethenotice,heputituponthewall.,Afterwritingthenotice,heputituponthewall.Afterhewrotethenotice,heputituponthewall.,Practice:判断以下是否是句子,1.Birdscanfly.2.ThebirdsinthecagewhichIboughtYesterday.3.Waitformeatthestation.4.Ifyouknowhowtoplaywithwordstomakepeoplelaugh.,5.Awayofsaying“Imsorry”6.Pattingthestomachbeforeameal7.Thebreadmymothermakesismuchbetterthanwhatyoucanbuyatthestore.8.Tomakefriendsintheschoolwhichwasnotfarfrommynewhome,9.Ifyouwanttoknowwhatitfeelsliketofallthroughtheair,takeoffinarocket,flyahelicopterorfightaliencreaturesinouterspace.10.Happybirthday.,请分析下列句子结构：1.IsawMissLiwalkingwithhisfriendsinthestreetyesterday.2.Theysaidthingisthatthatuglymanwithalotofmoneychooseslivingalone.,3.InAfrica,Imetaboy,whowascryingasifhisheartwouldbreakandsaid,whenIspoketohim,thathewashungrybecausehehadhadnofoodfortwodays.4.Weknowthatyouhaveahighopinionofthekindoflearningtaughtinyourschool,andthatthecostsoflivingofyoungmenwhilewithyou,wouldbeveryexpensive.,1._downtheradio-thebabysasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnedD.Turn2.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee_shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?A.andB.thenC.orD.otherwise,3.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.A.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrived4.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while,5.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthat6.Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfrom_sheusedtobe.A.thatB,whomC.whatD.who,7._severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.A.BeingaskedB.HavingbeenaskedC.HewouldaskD.Hehadbeenasked8._thedayswenton,thesituationtheregotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As,9.Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhave_first,JohnorKate?A.examineB.toexamineC.examiningD.examined10.Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestand_surprisedus.A.whichB.itC.asD.who,11.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis12.SheisAmerican,_sheknowslittleaboutAmericanhistory.A.soB.yetC.andD.therefore,13._thetextasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.A.ReadB.ReadingC.IfreadingD.Whenyouread14._,sohedidntcometoschoollastweek.A.ThoughhewasillB.BeingillC.HavingbeenillD.Hewasill,句子成分练习题(三)A组1._sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas2_intheroomatthattime.A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.WhoisD.Heare3ITSverynoisyoutside._isgoingon?A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where,4、_inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell5、Theremustbe_nearthefactory.A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores6、Althoughitsraininghard,_arestillworkinginthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.sincethey,B组1.Thedoctoraswellasthenurses_greatconcernforthepatients.A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing2.Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,_he?A.isB.isntC.mustD.mustnt3.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.openedD.beingopened,4、I_gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.A.mustntB.hadtoC.cantD.neednt5、Dont_excited.A.getB.isC.seemD.look6Thisroom_everymorning.A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.CleansD.cleaning,C组：1、Gladtomeetyou!_isyourfullname?A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.Who2、Heis_tolifttheheavybox.A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakD.weakenough3、Thedaysare_warmerandwarmerinspring.A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going,4、Hisjobis_English.A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches5、Twoballsare_.A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.tohereD.atdesks,基础写作四重奏:,1.确定主题人称，时态，要点:确定哪些相关的信息可用一句话表达,可将不同的信息进行整合(完整性)2.列出关键词组和句型(准确性)3.串联句子:用正确的语法结构写出准确的句子,并形成篇章(连贯性)4.检查(准确性),请用英文写一篇文章介绍你的的英语老师1.李莎，女，英语老师,22岁，1.65米，身材苗条,装扮入时。2性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，曾深受同学欢迎；5.如今常与你通过电子邮件交流英语学习。,步骤一：确定主题时态，人称，要点,1.时态：一般现在时2.人称：第三人称3.要点：1）李莎，女，22岁，1。65米，身材苗条，装扮入时。性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。2）教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5）常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。,2.activelikesplayjokes,3.belivelyandinteresting,playgames,notspeakmuch,leavesmoretime,4.getonwellwith,bepopularwith,municat