创业家与管理者的策略脑力.ppt

創業家與管理者的策略腦力以資訊產業為例,林子銘博士國立中央大學資訊管理研究所,2,研究的精神,研究vs.Research博士vs.Ph.D孫悟空vs.如來佛教授vs.創業家,3,資訊管理的從業人員技術人還是管理者？,在大學裏的資管學生在博士班的資管學生在工作中的資管學生技術人、管理者與創業家的心智不同嗎？,4,額葉寂靜的頭腦？Cavendish,VT.ItcommemoratesPhineasP.Gage,5,Survived,heneverevenlostconsciousness,in1848,hada3.5-foot-longmetalrodblownintohisskull,throughhisbrain,andoutofthetopofhishead.,6,策略腦力,7,TheFrontallobes,Playapartinimpulsecontrol,judgment,language,memory,motorfunction,problemsolving,sexualbehavior,socializationandspontaneity.Assistinplanning,coordinating,controllingandexecutingbehavior.Peoplethathavedamagedfrontallobesmayexperienceproblemswiththeseaspectsofcognitivefunction,beingimpulsive;impairedintheirabilitytoplanandexecutecomplexsequencesofactions;persistingwithonecourseofactionorpatternofbehaviorwhenachangewouldbeappropriate,8,functionsexecutiveofthefrontallobes,Theabilitytorecognizefutureconsequencesresultingfromcurrentactions,tochoosebetweengoodandbadactions(orbetterandbest),overrideandsuppressunacceptablesocialresponses,anddeterminesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthingsorevents.Playanimportantpartinretaininglongertermmemorieswhicharenottask-based.Theseareoftenmemorieswithassociatedemotions,derivedfrominputfromthebrainslimbicsystem,andmodifiedbythehigherfrontallobecenterstogenerallyfitsociallyacceptablenorms.Thefrontallobeshaverichneuronalinputfromboththealertcentersinthebrain-stem,andfromthelimbicregions.,9,多元智能,對於人類聰明才智的衡量，早期從一元智力論、二元智力論、發展至現今的多元智力論Gardner擴大多元智力的概念，提出智能多元論的觀點智能多元論(TheoryofMultipleIntelligence,MI)的概念主要源起於1980年代初期HowardGardner所提出，其主要概念是認為，一個人是生活在許多不同情境之中，而這些不同的情境造就了一個人不同的智能,10,MultipleIntelligence,Linguisticintelligenceinvolvessensitivitytospokenandwrittenlanguage,theabilitytolearnlanguages,andthecapacitytouselanguagetoaccomplishcertaingoals.Thisintelligenceincludestheabilitytoeffectivelyuselanguagetoexpressoneselfrhetoricallyorpoetically;andlanguageasameanstorememberinformation.Writers,poets,lawyersandspeakersareamongthosethatHowardGardnerseesashavinghighlinguisticintelligence.Logical-mathematicalintelligenceconsistsofthecapacitytoanalyzeproblemslogically,carryoutmathematicaloperations,andinvestigateissuesscientifically.InHowardGardnerswords,inentailstheabilitytodetectpatterns,reasondeductivelyandthinklogically.Thisintelligenceismostoftenassociatedwithscientificandmathematicalthinking.Musicalintelligenceinvolvesskillintheperformance,composition,andappreciationofmusicalpatterns.Itencompassesthecapacitytorecognizeandcomposemusicalpitches,tones,andrhythms.AccordingtoHowardGardnermusicalintelligencerunsinanalmoststructuralparalleltolinguisticintelligence.Bodily-kinestheticintelligenceentailsthepotentialofusingoneswholebodyorpartsofthebodytosolveproblems.Itistheabilitytousementalabilitiestocoordinatebodilymovements.HowardGardnerseesmentalandphysicalactivityasrelated.Spatialintelligenceinvolvesthepotentialtorecognizeandusethepatternsofwidespaceandmoreconfinedareas.Interpersonalintelligenceisconcernedwiththecapacitytounderstandtheintentions,motivationsanddesiresofotherpeople.Itallowspeopletoworkeffectivelywithothers.Educators,salespeople,religiousandpoliticalleadersandcounsellorsallneedawell-developedinterpersonalintelligence.Intrapersonalintelligenceentailsthecapacitytounderstandoneself,toappreciateonesfeelings,fearsandmotivations.InHowardGardnersviewitinvolveshavinganeffectiveworkingmodelofourselves,andtobeabletousesuchinformationtoregulateourlives.,11,與個人社交能力有關的智能,情緒智能(EmotionalIntelligence,EI/EQ)社交智能(SocialIntelligence)文化智能(CulturalIntelligence,CQ),12,情緒智能(EmotionalIntelligence,EI/EQ),主要源自於Salovey與Mayer於1990年代有關社交智能(socialintelligence)的概念Goleman為推廣此一概念的主要人物之一情緒智能是一種認知與表達情緒的能力、整合情緒在思緒中、對情緒的了解與合理化、以及管理自己與別人情緒的能力(Mayer1998)情緒智能為社交智能的一個子集合(Salovey1989)資訊從業管理人員：從事管理性工作比例大於75%者，屬於資訊從業管理人員資訊從業技術人員：從事管理性工作比例低於75%者，則屬於資訊從業技術人員,31,研究模式與假說驗證,多元智能與社會資本認知對社會資本的影響(複迴歸分析)多元智能與社會資本認知對創業與否的影響(區別分析)社會資本對創業與否的影響(區別分析),32,多元智能與社會資本認知對社會資本的影響,33,分析結果彙總,34,多元智能與社會資本認知對創業與否的影響,35,分析結果彙總,*：p0.05,36,社會資本對創業與否的影響,39,創業家多元智能的特質,相較於一般資訊從業人員創業家在多元智能上的確有其特殊性情緒智能：創業家與資訊從業技術人員有顯著的差異社交智能：創業家、資訊從業管理人員、資訊從業技術人員間均有顯著的差異文化智能：創業家、資訊從業管理人員、資訊從業技術人員間均有顯著的差異,40,創業家社會資本的特質,創業家、資訊從業管理人員、及資訊從業技術人員對社會資本的認知、和工作相關社團參與均存在顯著的差異創業家與資訊從業技術人員在信任關係