宾语从句(已整理).ppt

宾语从句TheObjectClause,什么是主语？,句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于_。1.Lucylikeshernewbike.2.Weworkhard.3.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.4.Playingfootballafterschoolisgreatfun.,句首,什么是谓语？,说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由_充当.常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.1.WeloveChina.2.Sheseemstired.3.HecanspeakEnglish4.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.,动词,谓语,（V.）,实义动词:及物v.不及物v.连系动词情态动词助动词,什么是宾语？,动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在_或_后面.1.WestudyEnglish.2.Ourteachersaidthathewouldgothere.3.Heislookingatthedog.,及物动词,介词,Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾语从句,引导词,从句主语,从句谓语,主句,（复合句）,宾语从句TheObjectClause,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,句子结构：主句+引导词+宾语从句,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany.,if/whether,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。主句为过去时，从句的时态用_时态。,实际情况,相应的过去,一、从属连词（引导词）1.that：当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that不作任何成分，无任何具体意思，因此常省略。,Ithink(that)itsveryfunny.Shehopes(that)theywillhaveagoodtime.,形容词宾语从句：结构：be+形容词+（that）从句sorry,sure,afraid,glad,happy,certain,Imafraid(that)Icanthelpyou.Wereglad(that)youcanjoinus.,2.if/whether当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略。,Iwonderifyoucangowithme.IdidntknowwhetherIcouldgohome.,if与whether的区别,1.Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.2.Idontcareof_heishandsome.3.Hewondered_tostayherethenextweek.4._hewillcomeisnotdecided.,whether,whether,whether,Whether,有ornot，只用whether,前有介词，只用whether,后接todo不定式，只用whether,做主语，只用whether,Exercise,_hellcomeisntimportant.A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.WhatWouldyouliketoknow_theywilldoitornot.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.whyIdontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether,二、特殊疑问词当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，所以不可以省略,Henryknowswhatheshoulddo.Idontrememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldtakethebus.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?,Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?,Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?,Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?,Couldyoutellushowmuchthecoatis?,Exercise,Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.thatHeaskedme_toldmetheaccident.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose,宾语从句的引导词,Exercise,Ithink_youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.howIdidntknow_hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.howTheweatherforecastdoesntsay_.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,_前_后,(that),特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany.,if/whether,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,宾语从句用陈述语序,三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.,2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.,3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?,DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?,Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?,Exercise,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany.,if/whether,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。主句为过去时，从句的时态用_时态。,实际情况,相应的过去,陈述语序,三、时态1.主句:现在的时态（包括一般现在时,现在进行时，现在完成时）从句:时态可根据实际情况而定（包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等）,Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.,2.主句:过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时）从句:相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.,3.客观真理，定义，公理，定理时从句:一般现在时,Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.,Exercise,Shetoldmethesun_intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisenThedoctoraskedmehowlong_.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.IhadbeenillPleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked,1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_(work)inthefactorysofar.2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_(rise)ineast?3.-What_he_(say)justnow?I_(notcanhear)him.-He_(say)thathe_(plant)treeswithhisparentsyesterday.4.Canyoutellmewhen_(leave)tomorrow?,haveworked,rises,did,say,couldnthear,said,planted,toleave,5.Didhesaythatt