STOP安全观察.ppt

STOP系统介绍,STOPisanHSSEobservationprogrammewhichhelpsustoachieveHSSEexcellence.STOP是一种HSE观察项目，它可以使我们的HSE工作更加出色,SAFETY安全TRAINING培训OBSERVATION观察PROGRAM项目,WhatisSTOP什么是STOP,STOPPhilosophySTOP理论基础,Thekeytoreducingincidentsandinjuriesistomodifybehaviorbyobservingpeople,talkingwiththemtoencouragesafeworkpracticesandsoeliminateunsafeactsandbehaviors.减少伤病事故的关键就是通过观察人们的行为，和他们沟通去改变他们的行为习惯，鼓励正确的做法，消除不安全行为和习惯,Noaccidents没有事故Noharmtopeople不伤害任何人Nodamagetotheenvironment不破坏环境,STOPPhilosophy,BYACOHSSEPhilosophyBYACOHSSE宗旨,Allinjuriesandoccupationalillnessescanbeprevented任何伤害和职业病都是可以预防的Safetyiseveryonesresponsibility安全是每一个人的职责Managementisdirectlyaccountableforpreventinginjuriesandoccupationalillnesses管理层对防范伤害和职业病有直接责任Safetyisaconditionofemployment安全也是雇佣合同的一部分Trainingisanessentialelementofasafeworkplace培训是一个安全的作业场所的重要因素Safetyauditsmustbeconducted(ASA,Walkthroughs)必须有安全检查（双向沟通式或随访式）Safeworkpracticesshouldbereinforcedandallunsafeactsandunsafeconditionsmustbecorrected安全的做法要加以强调，不安全的行为和状态要立刻纠正,STOPisbasedontheseHSSEprinciples:STOP必须建立在以下HSE原则上,ThePrincipalsofSTOP,Itisessentialtoinvestigateinjuriesandoccupationalillnessesaswellasincidentswiththepotentialforinjury伤病事故及重大隐患能立刻被调查Safetyoffthejobisanimportantelementofyouroverallsafetyeffort工作之外的安全是我们全过程安全努力的重要部分Preventinginjuriesandoccupationalillnessesisgoodbusiness伤害和职业病预防是一项积极的工作PeoplearethemostcriticalelementinthesuccessanyHSSEandhealthprogrammes人的因素对于成功运行HSE项目非常关键,PrinciplesofSTOPcontinuedSTOP必须建立在以下HSE原则上,ThePrincipalsofSTOP,STOPsupportstheideaof“peopletalkingwithotherpeopleaboutsafety”usingeffectivecommunicationskills.STOP系统支持用有效的沟通技巧去理论安全Helpsobserve,analyseandtakecorrectiveactiononunsafeactsandconditions,andreinforcessafeworkingpractices针对不安全行为及状况，观察、分析并采取正确的方式，同时鼓励安全的做法WorkswithOtherHSSEprogrammes配合其他HSE项目共同运行SafetyOrientationInduction安全培训ASAs双向安全检查SafetyAssessments安全评价IncidentReportingSystem事故报告,HowDoesSTOPWork如何运作STOP,ASA双向安全检查StandsforAdvancedSafetyAudit,althoughwehavebroadenedthistoincludehealth,andenvironment.AnASAconsistsofanHSEthemedin-depth“conversation”whichhasresultedfromaconsciousdecisionbytheinstigators)toengageanindividual.Itshouldresultinalocally“agreed”resolution.Anexampleofaconversationstartermightbe”Tellmeaboutthehighestrisksinyourjob?”ASA是双向安全检查的缩写，现在我们已经把它扩展到环保和健康，ASA的关键是双向沟通，通过对话来了解一个人对HSE的理解和执行情况，例如ASA的开场可能是“说说看你的工作中最大的危险是什么？”STOPStandsforSafetyTrainingandObservationProgrammeandisprimarilyaboutobservingtheactsofpeoplegoingabouttheirwork,commendinggoodbehaviourordiscussinganyunsafebehavioursyouhavenoticed,whichhavethepotentialtoresultinanincident.Theemphasisisonreportingbehaviours;goodorbadanditshouldresultinalocally“agreed”resolution.Anexampleofanunsafeactmightbesomeonewalkingdownthestairswithabundleofpapersinonehandandamobilephoneintheother.STOP侧重于观察，观察正在作业的员工，表扬他们好的做法，讨论你认为不安全的行为，最后不论好坏都以一种大家可以接受的方式报告。例如一个不安全的行为可能是有人一只手拿着一叠纸，另一只手握着手机上下楼梯。,PrepareObserveDiscussDe-briefRecordFollowupDecideStopObserveActReportWitnessReportTLResolutionInvestigation,ASA,vs.vs.,INCIDENT,ProactiveReactive,INCIDENT事件Isanunsafesituation,accidentornear-hit.Theemphasisisonreportingthingsthathavehappened,mostlyasaresultofpeoplesbehaviours.Itcoversanythingthatisarisktohealth,safety,securityanddamagetotheenvironment.Anexampleofanincidentmightbesomeonefallingdownthestairsandbreakingafingerasaresultofnotholdingontothehandrail.是一种不安全情形或者是几乎构成的事故，或者已构成事故，关键是要报告已发生的一切，很多时候，事故/事件是人为的因素。例如，某人上下楼梯从不抓扶手，终于有一天他摔倒并折断了一截指骨。,PrepareObserveDiscussDe-briefRecordFollowupDecideStopObserveActReportWitnessReportTLResolutionInvestigation,ASA,vs.vs.,INCIDENT,ProactiveReactive,STOPANDGIVEITYOURFULLATTENTION开始实施STOP并全神贯注,OBSERVEFORUNSAFEACTSANDCONDITIONSANDTHINKHOWTHEJOBCANBEDONEMORESAFELY观察不安全行为及状态，并且思考讨论如何更安全地完成工作,ACT/TALKWITHTHEPERSON和被观察者交流互动,RECORDYOURACTIONSONASTOPCARD用STOP卡记下你的行为,TheSTOPCycleSTOP循环,STOP,Coffeespilledandnotclearedup咖啡洒在地上但未及时清理,Employeeslipsonspill有人摔倒在打翻的咖啡上,Employeeslipsandsprainsankle滑倒扭伤了脚踝,Employeefallsandbreaksleg摔断腿,Employeefallsandstrikesheadonedgeofcounter摔倒头部遭撞击,1FATAL一人死亡,30MAJORS(DisablingInjuries)残疾,300RECORDABLEINJURIES可记录伤害,3,000NEARMISSESORFIRSTAID差点造成的事故已需要初级医务护理,30,000HAZARDSUnsafeActs不安全行为Employee-CreatedUnsafeConditions员工导致的不安全状态,Injuries:AMatterofProbability事故金字塔理论,Alackofknowledgeortrainingandtopdownapproach缺乏技能和培训，自上而下的压力Abeliefthat“Itcanthappentome”or“Itwonthappenthistime”心存饶幸“不会发生在我身上”或“这次不会发生”Ahabit一种习以为常的习惯Unavailabilityofequipmentandspace设备或空间存在缺陷Abeliefthattheprocedureisadequatebecausenoonehascorrecteditinthepast盲目信赖程序，从不对他修正Asenseofprioritiesputtingcomfort,productionorqualityabovesafety把个人舒适性、方便、产量及质量置于安全之上Amoraleproblemreflectingconditionsonoroffthejob对安全不以为然,TheUnderlyingCauses事故的根本原因,Managementisaccountableforsafety管理层对安全要负责Everyoneisresponsibleforsafety安全同时也是每一个人的责任Safetyisaconditionofemployment安全也是雇佣合同的一部分Allinjuriesandoccupationalillnessescanbeprevented所有的事故都能防范Safetymustbeequaltoquality,morale,cost,andproduction安全等同于质量、信念、费用及生产Anearmissisamatterofluck一起未遂事件只是说明这次运气好Safetyoffthejobisanimportantelementoftheoverallsafetyeffort非工时段的安全同样非常重要Safetydoesnotstopattheoffice不能只在办公室讲安全,DoYouAgree?你同意么?,PersonalBenefits个人好处PreventingInjuries防止受伤AvoidingPainandSuffering免受疼痛困绕ShowingColleaguesyoucareabouttheirwelfare向同伴显示你在关爱他们Helpingkeepyourfamilyandfriendsathomesafe帮助你的家人及朋友在家中也安全BusinessBenefits业务上的好处Productivity生产率Quality质量Relationships各方关系Costs费用PublicImage公众形象StatutoryCompliance遵纪守法,BenefitsofGoodSafetyBehaviour获益于安全行为,WhatisanUnsafeActandanUnsafeCondition什么是不安全行为和不安全状况呢,UnsafeAct&UnsafeCondition,AnUnsafeActis:不安全行为Somethingdonebyapersonthatcancauseanincidentorinjury.某人的所作所为可能导致事故或人员的伤害AnUnsafeConditionis:不安全状态AsituationthatcausesanincidentorinjuryUnsafeActscanoftenbethecauseofUnsafeConditions.现场的形势可能导致伤害或事故通常不安全状态能导致不安全行为,UnsafeAct&UnsafeCondition,Tomakespaceforameeting,anemployeeputsapileofpaperfromdeskontothefloor为了腾出地方开会，员工把一堆纸从桌上移到地板上Smokedetectorissoundlessafterbeepingforseveraldaysindicatingthatthebatteriesareweak烟感探头鸣叫了几天后终于不叫了，因为电池消耗光了Employeesitsondesk员工坐在桌子上Pavementfromcarparktoofficeispartiallycoveredinice停车场到办公室的人行道上布满了冰,ActorCondition?,UnsafeActsthatCauseDAFWCs&RestrictedWorkInjuries不安全行为能导致非常严重的伤害,UnsafeActsAssociatedwith以下因素构成的不安全行为,PercentofInjuries造成的事故,PersonalProtectiveEquipment个人防护用品PositionsofPeople位置或姿势不当ReactionsofPeople个人反应Tools工具Equipment设备Procedures程序Orderliness文明施工（内务）,TotalInjuriesCausedbyUnsafeActs总数TotalInjurieswithOtherCauses其它因素,12%30%14%20%8%11%1%,96%4%,=100%,Statistics统计,Usea“questioningattitude”使用问讯的方式Thismeansusing“Whatif”and“How”“如果”和“怎样”Bealertforpeoplesreactions关注对方的反应Sometimespeoplewillreacttoyourpresencebystoppingtheirunsafeactsonlywhenyouarenearby有时，人们只是因为你的到来而改变他的不安全行为Anyreactionisacluetoapossibleunsafebehaviour任何反应都隐藏着可能存在不安全行为的线索Lookintothereasonsforthereaction找出他作业如此反应的原因Unsafebehaviour?Ifyes,thenWhat?andWhy?存在不安全行为吗？是什么？为什么？,Observing&TalkingtoPeople观察并对话,Torecordunsafeacts,behavioursandpreventativemeasures记下不安全的行为动作及防范措施Todetecttrends甚至接下去的趋势ItisNOT:不要torecordnames记录姓名tocountnumberofcardssubmitted留意已填了多少卡片toblameindividuals责骂对方Successismeasurablebythereductionininjuriesandnotbythenumberofcardssubmitted成功的标志是伤害事故的降低，而不是填了多少卡片,WhyRecordObservationsUsingCards为什么用专用卡片记录？,STOPcardsaremadeupof2sectionsSTOP卡片由两部分组成ObservationChecklist检查表（清单）Toremindyouwhattolookfor提醒你看什么Tosummariseyourobservationsbytickingtheappropriateboxesonthecard,youcantickoneboxormoreifappropriate通过打钩来总结你的观察ObservationReport观察报告Recordobservations-bothpositiveandnegative客观记录-正面负面都记Summarizeactionsbywritingwhathappened,trynottomentionnamesbutkeepthecardsneutral由书写的过程来总结，保持中立并不要记录被观察人的姓名,SafetyObservationSTOPCardSTOP卡片,Describewhatwasobserved描述你的所见Recordactiontakentoreinforceorcorrectthebehavioursobs