动词不定式考点及练习.ppt

Grammar：TheInfinitive动词不定式,B7，Unit1Livingwell,Toseeistobelieve.ItsimportanttolearnEnglishwell.,1.主语,若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.,Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.,is,is,2.表语,Iwanttogohome.Theworkersdemandedtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.,3宾语,think/consider/find/feelit+adj.+todo,常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want,agree,afford,attempt,choose,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,fail,expect,hate,hesitate,hope,intend,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,wish等。,想一想：哪些动词常跟doing作宾语？哪些动词既可以跟todo作宾语也可以跟doing作宾语？,Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.,引导不定式作宾补的动词：,warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等,+sbtodosth,4.宾补,四看,watch,see,observe,notice,(1.)使役动词：三使,let,make,have,二听,listento,hear,一感觉:,feel,(2.)感官动词,有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时要省略掉to,e.g.Imadehimdohiswork.,Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).,注意,(2.)help后面的“to”可省去,e.g.Theyoftenhelpthegrandma(to)carrywater.,(1.)在使役动词let,make,have和感官动词feel;hear,listento;watch,see,notice,observe等后面,不定式作宾语补足语时要省“to”（注:被动语态不能省to）,(3)不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的任何一种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.（前有do，后省to）,Shecoulddonothingbutcry.Youhavenochoicebuttogo.Whatdoyouliketodobesidessleep?,Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.,5.定语,(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.),请给我一支写字的笔.,Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.,Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.,(1.)表示目的:toinordertosoasto,6作状语,Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.,Icameheretoseeyou.,(2.)表示原因:不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,right,wrong,rude,cruel,disappointed等。,eg:Imglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.,(3.)结果状语:,注意:不定式往往表示与主观愿望相反（出乎意料）的结果。,Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.,7.插入语,tobefrank,tobehonest,Tobeginwith,Totellthetruth,Idontagreewithyou.,类似的结构,归纳：不定式可以充当些什么成分？,1.作主语,2.作表语,4.作宾语补足语,3.作宾语,5.作定语,6.作状语,7.作插入语,三、用法,1.Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessonecanget.2.Myambitionistobecomealawyer.3.Myintentionistohelpyou.4.Iamwritingthistotellyousomething.5.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?,6.Itisterribletoseetheshipsinkingintothesea.7.Ifeeldisappointedtohearthat.8.Iplantogowithyou.9.Someonewarnedyounottogothere.,Martysays,2.ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker.,HaveALk,Unfortunately,thedoctorsdontknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadapttomydisability.,3.Evenafterallthat,noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds.,4.MyambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.,Martysays,Martysays,5.LastyearIinventedandabigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.,6.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.,考点1：动名词和不定式做主、表的区别,动名词：抽象、经常性、已经发生不定式：具体、一次性、将要发生。1.Hisfavoritesportsis_(swim).2.Hisdreamis_(be)ateacher.3.WhathealwaysdoesonSundaysis_(shop).4._(learn)aforeignlanguageisnoteasy.,考点2：动词后面能跟不定式作宾语,1.Lucyplans_(start)herownfirmaftergraduation.2.Dontworry.Hewillagree_(help)you.3.Pleaseremember_(lock)thedoorwhenyouleave.,考点3：不定式做宾语补足语,Theteacheraskedus_(finish)exercise1.Iwarnedyou_(notgo)therealone.Thegeneralorderhissoldiers_(fire).Isawacar_(hit)theoldmanyesterday.Shewasmade_(believe)thatnomancanbetrusted.Themanwasseen（shoot）thewomanonthestreet.,考点4：不定式作定语,1.改错：Pleasegivemeapieceofpapertowrite.2.Hewasthefirstone_(know)it.3.Thereisenoughfood_(last)foramonth.,考点5：不定式作状语,Thebuttonshouldbeeasy_(reach).Hehurriedtotheairport,only_(tell)thepopstarhadleft.Hefinishedreadingthenewspaper,_(find)nothinginteresting.,疑问词who,which,when,how,what等与不定式连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,Hedidntknowwhattosay.(宾语)他不知道说什么。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.(主语)如何解决这个问题很重要。Myquestioniswhentostart.(表语)我的问题是什么时候开始。,考点6、疑问词+不定式,考点7.不定式的时态,todotohavedonetobedoing1.Itissaid/believed/reported/knownthatsb.=Sb.issaid/believed/reported/knownto2.Itseemsthatsb.=sb.seemsto3.sb.pretendto.,考点8：不定式的省略,Myteacherwasmade_histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.TheArcticisconsidered_thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.being,B,C,4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5._lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.HavingsleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Tosleep6.Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot_.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff,B,D,C,8.-Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?-Itisaverygood_.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudy,A,9.-Didyougetajob?-No,I_,butitsnouse.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned10.Wefinditimpossibleforus_theworkaheadoftime.tobefinishedB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tofinish11.-IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain.-Whynot_therebyboatforachange?totrytogoB.trygoingC.totrygoingD.trytogo,B,D,B,12._aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade13.Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan_forfood.begB.beggingC.beggedD.tobeg14.Theboypretended_whenhisteacherentered.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread,A,A,C,15.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto16.Iwillmakehim_itagain.totryB.tryc.triesD.trying,A,B,Exercise,1.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_itmoredifficult.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.dontmake3.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects,4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see5.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.itwhattodowithB.whattodowithitC.whattodoitwithD.todowhatwithit6.Themotherdidntknow_toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why,7.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning8.Weagreed_herebutsofarshehasntturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet9.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto,10.Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating11.Iwouldlove_tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone12.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.to