外文翻译--运输中起电

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计 附 录 A 随着我国经济发展水平的提高，石油工业也得到了迅猛发展，它为我国工业提供了不可或缺的原材料。但是由于其易燃易爆的特点，因此也给我们的生活带来了很多安全隐患。油品运输中由于静电放电引燃油品导致灾难发生的重大安全事故越来越多，已经给世界各国造成了巨大的经济损失。因此越来越多的科研人员，投入到油品运输静电放电的防治工作中来。研制出高效的静电消除装置已经成为我国解决石油运输隐患的当务之急。 首先从分析油品运输中起电、放电的成因入手，了解油品静电起电、放电是如何形成的，以及静电起电，放电的具体表现形式， 影响运输中油品放电的主要因素，静电引燃的条件等相关理论。依据这些理论，另外再依据油罐车的带电以及静电放电的物理模型，提出一种新的消除油罐车运输中所带大量静电的方法，即无源静电消除器。它能从油罐密闭的蒸气空间里吸收电荷，并将之运送到对设备技术性能和操作人员都安全的中性区域，并完成由电能至热能的转换。此无源静电消除器的基础是把油罐车带电和放电的物理模型用等效电路来表示，即吸收回路以及消除回路。基于吸收与消除回路，结合石油罐车出口电压的特点，建立此装置的数学模型。在数学模型的基础上，根据青岛石化安全工程研究院所提 出的一些具体要求，设计出实际的电子电路，并进行了初步的工程验证。对目前国内外常用的几种静电消除装置做了深入剖析，指出它们应用于油品运输领域所存在的缺陷。在此基础上论证了此无源静电消除装置在消除石油罐车静电电荷的优越性。这种无源静电消除器，思想独辟溪径，立意新颖。一旦产品经过充分的工程验证后必将成为我国石油静电消除领域的有力武器。 黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计 附 录 B With the Promotion of economic development level， the petroleum industry have been got rapid development It have provided for the source materials for the industry But for the features that petroleum are easily burning and explosive， So it have brought many security hidden danger More and more disaster often were happened for the electrostatic discharge when the petroleum was transported using the tank It have resulted in large economic loss in many countries So more and more researchers and scientists devote to the research field that prevent petroleum electrostatic discharge during the transportation It is very pressing to invent a kind of high effective electrostatic elimination device to eliminate the petroleum electrostatic Firstly， the thesis start with analyzing the cause of formation of Petroleum producing charge and discharge Describe how to produce charge and discharge in the petroleum It still describes the several type of petroleum discharge form Clarify the affection factor and conditions of the petroleum discharge and burning By these theory base and the charge and discharge model of petroleum tank Put forward a new method of which eliminate the petroleum discharge during the petroleum transportation It can be implemented with a device named passive electrostatic elimination device The device Can absorb the charge from the sealed petroleum tank And then transfer the charge to a safe place away from the Petroleum tank and operator At the same time， It will proceed energy exchange between the electricity and heat Construct the physical model of petroleum tank charge and discharge Equate the physical model with a absorption unit and elimination unit The two units are consist with major unit of the device Construct the math models On the base of absorption unit and elimination unit and the features of petroleum tank entrance voltage Under parameters limitation that Sinopec Qingdao Security Engineering institute provided for Finished the major circuit design of passive electrostatic elimination device And verified some function of the circuit The author still make deep analysis for presently popular electrostatic elimination device Indicate their defects on eliminating petroleum electrostatic Compared with these defect， clarified the advantage applying on the petroleum tank The idea of passive electrostatic elimination device are very special and novelty compare with other elec