高三英语定语从句复习课件.ppt

Grammar,TheAttributiveClause,Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Whowillwinthematch,whathehastoldyou,thatwehavelostthegame,thatwewonthegame,定语从句:,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句.,HeisaboywhorunsfastinClassFour.,whorunsfastinClassFour,关系词作用：,引导定语从句；代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份,Themanwhoisstandingthereismybrother.,先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词,关系代词：引导定语从句的词,2.关系词(引导词)关系代词:关系副词:,人,人,物,人/物,who,whom,which,that,whose,as（主宾表）,when,where,why（状）,(whose作定语;whom作宾语),如何选择用哪一个关系词?,看先行词是人还是物看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分,如果充当主,宾,表,定语,就用关系代词,如果充当状语,就用关系副词,Iknowtheboywho/thatsitsontheleftofChenchengjie.,Iknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor.,Iknowtheboy.TheboysitsontheleftofCehnchengjie.,把下面的句子合并成定语从句：,Iknowthewoman.Thewomanshusbandisadoctor.,Englishisanimportantsubject.WemustlearnEnglishwell.,Englishisanimportantsubject(which/that)wemustlearnwell.,who/that,which/that,whose,IllneverforgetLuodingMiddleSchool.IstudyinLuodingMiddleSchool.,IllneverforgetLuodingMiddleSchoolwhereIstudy.,IllneverforgetthosedayswhenIstudiedinLuodingMiddleSchool.,Illneverforgetthosedays.IstudiedinLuodingMiddleSchoolinthosedays.,where,when,当先行词是物或人时,只用that或只用which或只用who引导定语从句的情况2.当先行词是表示时间,地点或原因的名词时,如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词3.whose的用法及转换形式4.as与which的区别5.定语从句中的主谓一致问题6.介词+关系代词,定语从句的常见考点,考点一当先行词是物或人时,只用that或只用which或只用who引导定语从句的情况,1.Everything_canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?,先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词,that,that,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?,that,1.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,Theschoolandstudentsthathevisitedmadeadeepimpression(印象)onhim.,先行词中既有人又有事物时,Whoistheperson_isstandingatthegate?Whichisthebike_youlost?,that,若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不再用who,which，而用that。,that,1.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it,Exercises,2.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom,3.这是我读过的最有趣的小说。4.这是你第三次迟到了。,ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,Itisthethirdtimethatyouhavebeenlate.,只用which的情况:1.逗号后面2.介词后面3.先行词本身就是that,Johnsaidhedbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_wastrue.(2001京皖春季)A.heB.thisC.whichD.who2.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat,3.Whatsthat_flashedintheskyjustnow?,which,C,A,当anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行词时,只用who,Anyone_breaksthelawwillbepunished.Those_breakthelawwillbepunished.He_breaksthelawwillbepunished.,who,who,who,考点二:关系副词,关系词,关系代词关系副词,whichthatwhowhomwhose,wherewhenwhy,关系词副词的作用：_主从句，在从句中_状语，_表示时间，地点，原因的先行词。,连接,充当,指代,1.where指_，在定语从句中作_，相当于_.它的先行词通常为place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等,Thisisthelibrary_Ireadbooks.,where,地点状语,地点,Thisisthelibrary.Ireadbooksinthelibrary.,介词+which,Where作地点状语，意为inthelibrary.,=inwhich,2.when指_,在定语从句中作_,相当于_.它的先行词通常为time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等。,时间,时间状语,TheyllneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.,介词+which,TheyllneverforgetJuly1_HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.,When作时间状语，意为onJuly1.,=onwhich,when,3.Why指_，在定语从句中作_,也可用_替代。它的先行词只有reason。,原因或理由,原因状语,why,Pleasegivemethereason_youwerelatethistime.(when,where,why),Why作原因状语，意为forthereason.,=forwhich,forwhich,when=on(in,during)which,时间名词,时间状语,where=on(in,infrontof)which,why=forwhich,地点名词,地点状语,reason,原因状语,考点二:先行词是表示时间,地点或原因的名词时关系副词or关系代词?,Hisfatherworksinafactory_makesradioparts.,Hisfatherworksinafactory_radiopartsaremade.,which,where,选用where，which,方法一:看关系词在从句中充当什么成分充当主，宾，表或定语用。充当状语用。,关系代词,关系副词,Thisisthehouse_theyvisitedlasttime.,Thisisthehouse_welivedbefore.,Thisisthehouse_welivedinbefore.,which,where,which,方法二.看从句中的谓语动词vt.后面无宾语,用关系代词vi.后面没介词，用关系副词后面有介词,用关系代词，做介词的宾语,选用where,which,Shewillneverforgettheday_shelostthering.,Iwillneverforgettheday_wespentinBeijing.,when,which,选用when，which,方法三:看从句的意思是否完整不完整,用关系代词,完整,用关系副词,Tellthedifferencebetweenthem.Thisisthefactory(_makesshoes.)Thisisthefactory(_hisfatherworks.)Thisisthefactory(_wevisitedyesterday.)Theday(_Iwillneverforget)isJanuary30th.Icannotforgettheday(_)Ijoinedtheparty.Pleasetellmethereason(_youarelate.)Hehastoldmethereason(_canexplainhisabsence(缺席)fromthemeeting.)Thereason(_hetoldus)wasnottrue.,which/that,where,which/that/-,which/that/-,when,why,which/that,which/that/-,1.关系副词when和where引导的定语从句中，when和where可以用介词+which来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。,Hewillremembertheyears_hestudiedatcollege.,when,/inwhich,Thisisthefarm_myfatherusedtowork.,where,/onwhich,2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why可以用for+which来代替,Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslate?,考点三whose用法及转换形式,1.whose引导定语从句，在从句中充当定语,其后应紧跟名词,whose实际上是先行词的所有格Thatsthechildwhosefatherisateacher.,whose=thechilds,Doyouknowthewomanhusbandisadoctor?Thisisabookcoverisgreen.,2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。,whose,whose,3.whose的先行词指物时,可用ofwhich代替,但词序不同，即whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+n.,Helivesintheroom,_facessouth.,thewindowofwhich,Helivesintheroom,_facessouth.,ofwhichthewindow,Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.,考点四：as与which引导的定语从句,小结:as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句,可以在从句中做主语,宾语或表语,代替主句或先行词.,E.g:(1)Hemarriedher,whichwasnatural.,(2)Aswecansee,heishonest.,(3)Thedog,whichisblack,isrunningtowardthestrangeman.,as一般译成“正如,像”,常与动词know,expect,report,see,announce,pointout等连用,E.g:(1)Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.,Shehasbeenlateagain,asisexpected.,(2)HehasbeentoParisfortentimes,whichIdontbelieve.,which引导的定语从句不能放句首.,(3)Hedidntpasstheexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.,当主从句之间存在逻辑上的因果关系时常用which,当先行词受such,thesame修饰时,常用as,(1)Ihaveneverheardsuchstories_hetells.,(2)Sheworethesameskirt_heryoungersisterwore.,as,as,高考链接(用as/which填空)1._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)2.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.(2005浙江),As,which,3._isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(2004北京)4.Tomhasmaderapidprogress，_makesmeveryhappy。,As,which,考点五:定语从句中主谓一致问题1.Iamnotonewho_afraidofdifficulty2.Dontchooseme,who_notfitforthisjob,is,am,定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。,3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing,oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词,Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing,not