新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册Unit_2_SectionA教案.doc

Unit 2 Section A Iron and the Effects of ExerciseI. Background Information1. Purdue University is a coeducational, state-assisted university in Indiana, US. Founded in 1869 and named after benefactor John Purdue, the university is one of the nations leading research institutions with a reputation for excellent and affordable education. Building upon historical strengths in engineering and agriculture, the West Lafayette campus of the university currently offers 7,400 courses in more than 500 undergraduate majors and specializations in the schools of Agriculture, Consumer and Family Sciences, Education, Engineering, Health Sciences, Liberal Arts, Management, Nursing, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science, Technology, and Veterinary Medicine. Programs of graduate study and research leading to advanced degrees fall under the jurisdiction of the Graduate School. For more information about Purdue University, please visit .2. About Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise features original investigations, clinical studies, and comprehensive reviews on current topics in sports medicine and exercise science. With this leading multidisciplinary journal, exercise physiologists, physiatrists, physical therapists, team physicians, and athletic trainers get a vital exchange of information from basic and applied science, medicine, education, and allied health fields. Its original articles report on new educational developments as well as sound physical fitness practices and the treatment of sports injuries. The journal helps readers enhance their basic understanding about the role of physical activity in human health and function.3. Health and Fitness in U.S. Health and fitness are big businesses in the US. Nationwide vitamin stores like GNC (General Nutrition Center) and Vitamin World can be found at malls and shopping centers. Exercise and fitness clubs like Bally Total Fitness and 24-Hour Fitness (which is open 24 hours a day) have hundreds of locations in the US, with tens of thousands of members paying fifty to a hundred dollars or more per month. Every few months, a new fitness craze will come along. The Atkins Diet, Noni juice, and the South Beach Diet are just a few recent ones. You can also find hundreds of exercise videos for sale, teaching Yoga, Tai-chi, Pilates, aerobic exercise and more. Unfortunately, even with all this interest in health and fitness, obesity is becoming more common, even in children.Seeing a Doctorbruise 瘀伤，擦伤 cast 石膏 kneecap 膝盖 steep陡峭 precaution 防范sedate 给服镇静剂 release 出院 medication 药物治疗II. Structure Analysis1. What is the text mainly about? Exercise may lead to more loss of iron in females, which in turn produces serious effects on their health. According to sports medicine experts, active women should pay more attention to iron deficiency in their bodies and take correct measures to remedy it before it really becomes a problem. 2. How is the text organized? The writer tackles the topic in accord with the pattern of “problem-cause-effect-suggestion”. The text starts with a newly-found problem with exerciseiron loss; then follow analyses of both causes and consequences of the problem; and it ends up by giving advice on how to remedy the problem. So the text structurally falls into four parts as below: ProblemMain Idea: As a newly-found problem, exercise, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.Devices: Citation (Para.2): Roseanne M. Lyles study of 62 formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.CauseMain Idea: Causes for iron deficiency of women: Their problem is a result of monthly bleeding, rejecting red meat, and more exercise that leads to more loss of iron through a variety of mechanisms.Devices: General-Special (Para.6): Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms. (G.) Some iron , and Athletes (S.)EffectMain Idea: Effects of iron deficiency: One often feels weak, tired, and out of breath; and exercise performance is severely compromised. And, once your iron reserves go to zero, you are in trouble.Devices: General-Specific(Para.7): There are three stages of iron deficiency. (G.) The first in the second stage in the third and final stage (S.) SuggestionMain Idea: Suggestions: 1) Have a yearly test to check blood iron reserves; 2) Add more iron-rich foods to diet; 3) Dont take iron supplements; 4) Cook in iron pans; 5) Never drink tea or coffee with meals; 6) Pay more attention to warning signs.Devices: Induction (Para. 9): Known facts: 1) Most people have no idea of iron deficiency; 2) Traditional tests are not sufficient; 3) Men are not safe, if Conclusion: Have a yearly blood test.Part I (Para.1- 3) Central topic + Supporting detailsCentral Topic: Exercise, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.Supporting details: A new study is cited to support the topic.Part II (Para. 4 - 6) 1 Effect + 2 CausesEffect (Para. 4): Iron deficiency is very common among women. Teenagers: 1/4 women aged 18 to 45: 1/5 active women: 80% women of childbearing age: at greatest riskCause 1 (Para. 5)Cause 2 (Para. 6)Main idea: This part is about the causes for both iron deficiency among women in general and more serious deficiency among active women. Devices for developing it: Cause and effect (因果法); Quotation (引言法)Part III (Paras. 7-12) Problems + Solutions3 stages of iron deficiency (Para. 7-8)Check iron deficiency (Para. 9)Suggested ways to correct iron deficiency (Para. 10-12)Main idea: The author makes clear both the effects of iron deficiency on peoples health and the importance of checking iron reserves to active people. The author gives his advice on how to remedy iron deficiency.Devices for developing it: Exemplification (举例法); Quotation (引言法)IV. Language Points1. to lead to reduced iron 导致缺铁 新规定应有助于我们淡水供应的改善。 The new regulations should lead to an improvement in our fresh water supply.2. to bounce back (遭受挫败损失后)很快恢复 我们足球队遭受一连串的失败后又东山再起了。 Our football team bounced back from a series of defeats.3. in general 通常, 大体上说 运动促进大脑的功能，因此，通常情况下，经常参加体育锻炼的学生学习成绩好。 Exercise stimulates the brain, so in general, students who take regular exercise achieve better results in their studies.4. one in/out of four female teenagers 在10多岁的少女中有四分之一 在这个地区，他很有名，以至于当地人中有三 分之一都认识他。 He is so famous in that area that one in/out of three local people know him.5. up to (80 percent) 多达(百分之八十), 上至 这位影星受到她的国家里每个人的喜欢,上至总统,下到扫地的男孩。 This film star finds favor with everyone in her country, up to the president and down to the boy who sweeps the floor.6. to take in 吸收，理解 她聚精会神地听讲,听懂了他说的每个字并不时地问问题。 She listened attentively, taking in every word he said and asking questions from time to time.7. to be at greatest/more risk of 危险最大/更大 浅色皮肤的人比深色皮肤的人患皮肤癌的危险性更大。 Those with fair skin are more at risk of skin cancers than those with dark skin.8. plus, 而且;此外 爱国主义教育可以使青少年更好地了解民族的昨天。此外,它还有助于青少年更加珍惜今天的生活。 Patriotic education enables teenagers to know better about the nations yesterday. Plus, it helps them hold todays life dearer.9. in an effort to (do sth.) 为了 他们为了消除蝗灾正设法把十万只母鸡运往家乡。 They were trying to transport one hundred thousand hens to their hometown in an effort to wipe out the plague of locusts.10. to be liable to 可能；有倾向 不仔细调查研究，你就会得出错误结论。 Without careful investigation, youre liable to come to wrong conclusions. 11. to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency 导致体内缺铁状况的恶化 一个月的持续高温天气使江西省的旱情更加严重。 A months continuous high-temperature climate tipped the drought in Jiangxi Province over the edge into more seriousness.12. to result in iron loss 导致铁离子的流失 工作时心不在焉可能导致严重的事故。 Absent-mindedness in performing ones duty may result in serious accidents.13. to be lost in sweat / ones work / thought/ amazement 随汗液流失/埋头工作沉思不胜惊奇 我们大家都被眼前的美景所吸引。 We were all lost in admiration of the beauty before our eyes.14. to be associated with 与相联系 现在人们往往把爱情与物质财富联系起来。 Nowadays people tend to associate love with material wealth.15. to be out of breath/ date/ tune with 气喘吁吁/过时了/与格格不入 在一些人眼里，艰苦朴素的精神已经与我们的时代格格不入了。 In the eyes of some people, the spirit of hard work and plain living has been out of tune with our times.16. to go to zero 耗尽，用完 面对我们的强大攻势，敌人的士气丧失殆尽。 In the face of our strong offensive, the spirit of the enemy went to zero.17. to be most likely to have low iron stores 铁离子储量最有可能偏低 你越接近自然，你越可能去保护生态平衡。 The closer you get to nature, the more likely you are to protect the balance of nature. 18. to undo the problem 解决问题 解决水土流失问题的最好办法是退耕还林。 The best way to undo the problem of soil erosion is to reforest the cultivated land.19. to add more iron-rich foods to the diet 在食谱中增加含铁丰富的食物 二十多年的改革开放使我们的生活丰富多彩。 More than twenty years of reform and opening-up has added color and variety to our life.20. to produce a feeling of wanting to throw up 使人想呕吐 这里的美景使人想放声歌唱。 The beautiful view here produces a feeling of wanting to sing heartily.21. to derive iron from the pan 从铁锅中吸收铁离子 派克的世界性声望源于他精湛的演技。 Pecks worldwide popularity derived from his excellent acting.22. to be a lot more carefulparticular about their food choices 特别注意选择饮食 对于过分挑剔食物的人，完全有必要服用铁离子补剂。 For those who are too particular about their food, there is every need to take iron supplements.23. to sum up 总结，收集 因此，概括地讲，环境保护应受到更多的关注。 So, to sum up, the environmental protection should call for more of our concern.24. to remedy the deficiency / a fault/ a loss 弥补不足/错误/补救损失 各级政府做了大量的工作来弥补SARS造成的损失。 A great deal has been done by governments at all levels to remedy the loss caused by SARS.25. respectively ad. (L14) separately in the order mentioned respective: 各自的; 分别的 respectful: 恭敬的; 表示尊重的（对待某人/某物） respectable: 体面的；正确的；值得尊敬的They listened in _ silence. respectfulHe was born in a _ family. respectableWe went to visit our _ mothers. respectiveIII. New words and expressions1. Sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes, particularly females, frequently have iron deficiencies. (Para. 1) Meaning: For years experts in sports medicine have observed that athletes such as long-distance runners, especially women athletes, often show a lack of iron.2. Women who consumed additional meat or took iron supplements were able to bounce back. (Para. 3) Meaning: Women who ate more meat than they usually did or took iron-added pills were able to return to their normal, healthy state. 3. Women of childbearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss. (Para. 4) Meaning: Women who are at the age of bearing child are in greater danger of losing iron because of their monthly bleeding. childbearing age: The normal span of womens production is between 18 and 50, with some exceptions. Women who are in that period are supposed to be able to give birth. Notice the word formation of n. + V-ing. More similar words: city-planning 城市规划 letter-writing 写信 story-telling 讲故事 4. For a woman who already has a poor iron status, any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency. (Para. 5) Meaning: If a woman who already has less iron than necessary starts a program of exercise that causes loss of iron, then her iron status will change greatly and shell be put in a more serious state of iron deficiency. 5. . and exercise performance is severely compromised. (Para. 7) Meaning: . and consequently their exercise performance is badly affected. 6. . its advisable for peop