天津市春季高考英语考前串讲提纲

天津市春季高考英语考前串讲提纲 赵欢欢2011年1月24日于天津大学2010年天津市春季高考英语考前串讲提纲试卷说明：春季高考英语试卷分为第卷客观试题（选择题）和第卷主观试题（非选择题）两部分。其中第卷选择题部分包括语音、单选、完型、阅读四道大题，共55道小题，共计110分。第卷非选择题部分包括阅读并回答问题（或英译汉），写作两道大题，共计40分。两卷合计150分。考试时间为120分钟。第卷（选择题，4大题，共110分）一、语音辨别： （共5小题， 每小题1分，共计5分）1、所考能力：辩音题主要考查基本读音规则及相关语音知识的运用能力。2、题目要求：在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分 的读音不同，找出这个词。3、春考特点：春考主要考查元音和元音字母及组合在重读音节中的读音。4、解题技巧：读准单词，注意元音发音，掌握常见读音规则。5、示范例题：1.A. foodB. coolC. schoolD. flood2.A. townB. howC. downD. snow3.A. eachB. peachC. breakD. deal4.A. exhaustB. exerciseC. examD. exact5.A. speechB. stomachC. chargeD. church二、 单项选择： （共15小题， 每小题1分，共计15分）1、所考能力：单项选择主要考查常见的基本语法知识和同义词、近义词的辨析。2、题目要求：从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项。3、春考特点：春考主要考查动词相关知识（时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词等） 和句子相关知识（主从复合句的连词、并列句的连词，简单句中反 意疑问句等）。4、解题技巧：依靠语境，注意搭配，根据结构，明确题意进行选择。5、示范例题：1The moment I got home, I found I my jacket on the playground.Ahad left Bleft Chave left Dwas leaving2Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleaning it.Ahe stopped Bdid he stop Cstopped he Dhe did stop3Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere4What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it be big-thats not important.Amustnt Bneednt Ccant Dwont5I ate sandwich while I was waiting for 20:08 train.Athe, a Bthe, the Ca, the Da, a6The message is very important, so it is supposed as soon as possible.Ato be sent Bto send Cbeing sent Dsending7He doesnt have furniture in his room -just an old desk.Aany Bmany Csome Dmuch8The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds.Athe hands of whom Bwhom the hands ofCwhich the hands of Dthe hands of which9_around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.AHaving shown BTo be shown CHaving been shown DTo show10Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _ invited. Awere Bhave been Chas been Dwas11Ten years ago the population of our village was _that of theirs.Aas twice large asBtwice as large asCtwice as much asDas twice much as 12Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic_.Ahad changed Bwill change Cwas changedDhas been changed13The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it?_I do it all the time.ADont mention it.BWhy you? CNot sure DNot me again.2009031814Elizabeth has already achieved success _her wildest dreams.Aat Bbeyond Cwithin Dupon15Its going to rain. Xiao Feng, Will you please help me _ the clothes on the line?Aget off Bget back Cget in Dget on三、 完形填空： （共15小题， 每小题2分，共计30分）1、所考能力：完型填空主要考查英语语言综合运用能力，包括基础知识的掌握和 运用，对文章逻辑关系的整体理解，在情景中辨析词义的能力以及 词组短语搭配的使用能力等。2、题目要求：阅读下列短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的四项选择中选出最佳 的一项。3、春考特点：春考主要考查词义辨析、句法结构、习语搭配等题目。4、解题步骤：（1）细读首句，预测主题； （2）跳读全文，领会大意； （3）通读全文，试选答案； （4）细读全文，推敲难题； （5）复读全文，调整答案。5、技巧点拨：技巧一：例：On the night of the play , Jack was at the theatre early and he was already dressed in a policemans clothes long before the end of the first scene He even thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as there.A. a policemanB. an inspectorC. an officerD. a manager技巧二：例：Sometimes, when you need rain, you dont get any. Other times, you get rain when you dont want it. Take a baseball game for example. A sudden rainstorm can stop an exciting game, forcing the players and the 20,000 persons watching the game to run for_.A. coverB. umbrellaC. building D. home技巧三：例：Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. _13_, she encourages them to get _14_ ways to do business.13. A. StillB. YetC. InsteadD. While技巧四：例：It will not be _ the teachers and the students meet again.A. before longB. far awayC. long before D. some long技巧五：例：Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. soundB. cryC. voiceD. shout技巧六：例：A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and _room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A. furnishedB. expensiveC. comfortableD. suitable技巧七：例：After _ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.A. growingB. puttingC. plantingD. laying技巧八：例：One day he told his horseman that if he could ride on his horse and _ as much land area as he liked, he would give him the area of land he had covered.A. removeB. cover C. sow D. get 技巧九：例：“Enter the room quickly,” I thought.“Get him into a chair and calmed down.” But , would there be a chair in Room 316? Or would it be an empty room?A. in factB. by chanceC. once moreD. then again技巧十：例：I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new _, dressed neatly. A. roommateB. classmateC. neighborD. companion 示范例题：There is a holiday next week and I cant decide what to do. I have a lot of work to do _1_and this would be a good chance_2_.But I dont like_3_ the holiday in this way. I can work at home all the rest of the year. Last year I went_4_to the mountains. _5_ there was beautiful, but it is too cold this time of year. And its really_6_ far to go for a short holiday. I decide _7_ this isnt a good time to_8_the mountains. But I_9_to go somewhere else.Perhaps this would be a good chance to go to the beach. I like to go for walks _10_ the seashore_11_the warm sunshine and watch the water. Its only eight miles and I could get there_12_about two hours. After thinking it _13_, I am sure that this is a _14_ time for the seashore than _15_.1. A. at home B. at house C. in school D. in factory 2. A. do it B. doing that C. to do it D. with that3. A. to pass B. to spend C. having D. asking4. A. the north B. or north C. north D. to north5. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Somebody D.A girl 6. A. very B. enough C. rather D. too7. A. that B. what C. whether D. when8. A. go B. go to C. arrive D. leave9. A. do want B. shall want C. wanted D. am wanting10.A. onB. by C. beside D. along11.A. onB. during C. in D. under12.A. inB. for C. with D. after13.A. in B. out C. over D. on14.A. good B. fine C. better D. best15.A. home B. the mountains C. big cities D. country villages四、 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、所考能力：阅读理解主要考查运用语法、词汇、习语等读懂英语短文并能正确 理解其文章含义的能力。2、题目要求：阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题所给的四项选择中选出最佳的一项。3、春考特点：春考主要考查文章的事实细节、主旨大意、作者观点等题目。4、解题步骤：（1）快速读题，把握重点；（2）快读全文，整体理解； （3）仔细审题，跳读解答；（4）通观全篇，重点检查。5、技巧点拨：（一）.事实细节题1、直接事实题例：A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the U.S. This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river.This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road， which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom. There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco. Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years.This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936. Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States. Hoover Dam，one of the highest dams in the world，is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada.Q：Hoover Dam lies _.A. between Arizona and Nevada B. in the Black CanyonC. between New York and San Francisco D. both A and B2、间接事实题 例：The small number of newborn babies, which has been caused by high prices and the changing social situation of women, is one of the most serious problems in Asia. When people talk about it, you can hear a word invented in Japan. which means Double Income Kids.In many major Asian cities like Seoul, Singapore, and Tokyo, the cost of a house is extremely high. A young couple who want to buy their own house may have to pay about $3000,000 (though prices have fallen). For a flat with one bedroom, one dining-room, a kitchen, and a bathroom, the couple will pay about $900 a month. Whats more, if they want to have a child, the childs education is very expensive. For example, most kindergarten charges are at least $5.000 a year. In such a situation, its difficult to afford children.The number of married women who want to continue working increases rapidly because they enjoy their jobs. However, if they want to have children, they immediately have serious problems. Though most companies allow women to leave their jobs for a short time to have a baby, they expect women with babies to give up their jobs. In short, if they want to bring up children properly, both parents have to work, but it is hard for mothers to work. Indeed, women who want to continue working have to choose between having children or keeping their jobs.In a word, Asian governments must take steps to improve the present situation as soon as possible.Q：To buy a flat and send a child to kindergarten, how much will a couple pay each year?A. 85,000 B. 85,900 C. $10.800 D. $15.800（二） 主旨大意题1、总结文章中心例：We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changedno examination is perfectbut to have to tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in school or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency, the values and the purpose of each teacher.Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child from an illrespected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lake of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a wellrespected school. This defend of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away, and the bright child form a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her schools reputation, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.Q. The passage mainly focuses on _.A. schools and certificates B. examination and equalityC. opportunity and employment D. standards and reputation2、概括文章标题例：Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well-designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward（别扭的）hand positions. They will allow the worker to keep the elbows（肘）next to the body to prevent damage to the shoulder and arm.Overuse injuries can therefore be prevented or reduced if the employer provides, and workers use:power tools rather than having to use muscle（肌肉）powertools with specially designed handles that allow the wrist（手腕）to keep straight(See figure 1). This means that hands and wrists are kept in the same position as they would be if they were hanging relaxed at a persons side Figure l. Bend the tool, not the wristtools with handles that can be held comfortably by the whole hand. This means having a selection of sizes-remember that tools that provide a comfortable firm hold for a person with a very large hand may be awkward for someone with a very small hand. This is a particularly important consideration for women who may use tools originally designed for men.tools that do not press fingers (or flesh) between the handles, and whose handles do not have sharp edges or a small surface area.Q What is the best title for the passage?AGood Tool Design for Women.B Importance of Good Tool Design.CTool Design and Prevention of Injuries.DOveruse of Tools and Worker Protection.（三） 推理判断题例：One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for? the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”Q： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house， it was _. A. very cleanB. just cleaned by the landlordC. tidy and comfortableD. dirty and full of insects（四）.猜测词义题例：A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat. There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired in these days and you can not think quickly. Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.Q：The underlined word “dairy” in the second passage means _.A. the food made out of cows such as milk and butter B. she shop that sells milk and butterC. a farm where cows are keptD. a place where milk products are made.示范例题：Some people think they have an answer to the troubles of automobile crowding and dirty air in large cities. Their answer is the bicycle, or “bike”.In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York City, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They claim that if more people rode bicycles to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city and therefore less dirty air from car engines.For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bike riders. For example, they want the city to draw bicycle lanes on some of the main streets, because when bike riders must use the same lanes as cars, there are accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes more people would use bikes.But no bicycle lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks it is a good ideathey say it will slow traffic. Some storeowners on the main streets say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business. And most people live too far from downtown to travel by bike.The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. Only on weekends, Central Park is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.1. The best title for this passage is _.A. Traffic in New York CityB. Air Pollution in New York CityC. Special Lanes for Bike Riders to UseD. A Solution to Traffic Problems in New York2. “Bicycles lanes” probably means _.A. narrow passages between buildings for carsB. roads full of bicyclesC. special parts of the road for bicycle riders onlyD. roads for bicycles only3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Bike for a Better City members ride bicycles to work.B. Sometimes accidents may occur when cars and bikes are on the same lanes.C. The Central Park is situated in the downtown section of New York.D. The city government has already decided to keep fighting to get bicycle lanes for bike riders.4. The idea of special bicycle lanes is most favored by_.A.the city governmentB.some bike ridersC.people living far from downtownD.some car owners5. According to the passage, bicycles _.A. are more convenient than carsB. are more expensive traffic tools than carsC. are