阅读理解的解题与技巧.ppt

阅读理解的解题与技巧,；,阅读理解五级的目标部分描述如下：1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义2、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；3、能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；4、能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料；5、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；6、除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上(上海的要求更高一些，30万词以上)所谓阅读能力是指视读能力、理解能力和对所读材料的评价能力。,分门别类识别文体随着信息时代的到来，阅读内容更趋于信息化、时代化，突破了单一的故事、寓言等题材，内容涉及新闻、广告、科普、医疗、教育等，文章的体裁也从记叙扩大到产品说明、逻辑推理及实际应用等文体。不同的文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。,记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系、表现，从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等,议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论；,应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格、地址、网址等，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。,1.Themainideaofthepassageis_2.Thepassagemainlydiscuss_3.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?4.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?,(一)主旨题,事实细节题,1.WhichofthefollowingisTURE?2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTURE?3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTURE?4.Themainresonforis_.,词义/句义题,1.,Theword”intheLineXmainlytoshowthat_.InparagraphX,thewordrefersto_Thewordinparagraphcanbereplacedby_.ItinlineXmostprobablyrefersto_.,阅读文学材料的快速性阅读文学材料的无声性阅读方法的科学性,一）略读粗略地阅读语言材料的面式读法。通过略读获取阅读材料的主要内容和大意。快速阅读时，训练学生略读文章标题判断预测主要内容。略读首尾段、首尾句了解文章大意。,二）跳读带着明确目的寻找特定信息，忽略无关内容的点式阅读。跳读适用于细节检索式问题。,（三）组读以意群为单位，一组一组视读。边读边理解。减少眼停次数，缩短“眼脑直映”时间。,Usingthetitle,Usingthepictures,theirownexperience,Beforereadingactivities,Tointroducethetopicandgivestudentsenoughbackgroundknowledgetomakesenseofthetext.,Predictthetext.discussion,questions.,Whilereading:,Helpstudentsunderstandthewriterspurpose,thetextstructure,themainidea,thesurfaceandunderlyingmeaningofthepassage.,Activities:Skimming,scanning,anddetailedcomprehension,jig-sawreading.,Afterreadingactivities,SpeakingChangingroleplayingWriting,Rounding-offstage,Shepouredthewaterintothetock.Thenliftingthetockshedrunk.Unfortunately,asshewassettingitdownagain,thetockslippedfromherhandandbrokeOnlythehandleremainedinonepiece.,1.definition,Allotherbirthdaysarecalledsingil(bornday).ThesixfirstbirthdayiscalledHuangup(beginningofnewlife.,be,mean,beconsidered,tobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,fine,represent,Theharborisprotectedbyajetty-awallbuiltoutintothewater.,anthropologyisthescientificstudyofman.,Janeisindecisive,thatis,shecantmakeuphermind.,Thereasonthatitisvaluablevaseisthatitisgildedcoveredwithathinlayerofgold.Thatandonlythatmakesitworthathousanddollars.,restatement,在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号，和括号等,or,similarly,thatistosay,inotherwords,namely,orother,sayi.e,1.Hehadawanlook.Hewassopaleandweakthatwethoughthewasill.,4.Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.,2.Carbonmonoxideisahaxiousgaswhichcancausedeath.,3.Iamaresolutegirl.OnceIsetupmygoal,Iwontgiveitup.,4.Generalknowledge,1.ThedoorissolowthatIhitmyheadonthelintel.,2.Markgotonthemotobike.Isatbehindhimonthepillionandweroaredoffintothenight.,Greenplantsletoutoxygenandbreatheincarbondioxide.。,Waterismadefromoxygenandhydrogen.；,examples:,1.Selectanyoftheseperiodicals:time,newsweek,readersdigest.,2.Sheisstudyingglaucomaandotherdiseaseoftheeye.,Theywerecongenialfriend-forexampletheybothenjoyedsciencefictionfilms,bothlikedMexicanfood,andhadlongagreeableconversation.,Veryyoungchildrenarefedpap-forinstance,mashedpeasandcarrots,catmeal,mashedbananasandsoon.,compair,1.Thesnowwasfallingbigflakesdriftedwiththewindlikefeathers.,2.Thehot-airballontookoff.Itwasashuoyantintheairasacorkinwater.,similarly，like，justas，also,contrast,1.Janewastalkingwithotherswhilesueremainedreticentallthetime.,2.Mostofusagreed,howeverBilldissented.,3.Dextersapproachisold-fashionedbutMariasisnovel.,表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要是unlike，not，but，however，despite，inspiteof，incontrast和while引导的并列句等。,AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.,Complexword:prefixes,suffixes,Compoundword,根据构词法猜测词意前缀un-表反义词，如happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，i