中考英语语法冲刺复习介词.ppt

中考英语,语法复习：介词,一、考点测试()1.WearrivedinShanghai_7:30_theevening.A.in,onB.on,inC.at,inD.at,on()2.Bob,dontread_thesun.Itsbad_youreyes.A.under,ofB.in,toC.in,forD.below,with()3.Thebuildingwasfull_smokeafterthebigfire.A.ofB.withC.inD.on()4.Iwasborn_September2nd,1996.A.inB.atC.onD.for()5.Theteacherwillbeback_anhour.A.inB.afterC.onD.for()6.Pleaselookleftandrightbeforeyougo_thestreet.A.throughB.acrossC.crossD.over()7.Hehasbeenlateforschoolthreetimes_themorningoflastFriday.A.inB.onC.sinceD.for()8.Therearetwodoors_therightwall.Thereisapicture_theleftwall.A.in,onB.in,inC.on,inD.on,on,C,A,C,C,A,A,C,B,语法复习：介词,()9.Weplantogohome_bike.Howaboutyou?A.inB.onC.byD.to()10.Itsveryimportant_ustolearnEnglishwell.A.toB.onC.forD.of()11.Allofuspassedtheexam_Gina,soshewasverysad.A.besidesB.exceptC.butD.beside()12.Wecantlive_waterorair.A.withB.withoutC.inD.on()13.XinjiangisoneofthelargestprovincesinChina.Itis_thenorthwestofChina.A.atB.inC.toD.on()14.Themansaid_asmile,“Couldyoupleasepassmethebook?”A.withB.inC.forD.on()15.Ella,yourvoicesoundsdifferent_thephone.Whatshappening?A.inB.forC.withD.from,C,C,B,D,A,B,B,语法复习：介词,二、考点精讲精练考点1：表时间的介词(1).at,on,in的区别:at多指“点时间”，如：钟点atnineoclock;某时刻ataquarterpasttwo;在晚饭时atsupper等。on多指“具体某天或某天的早中晚以及时间前有形容词修饰等”如：在1999年5月1号那天onMay1st1999；在星期天早上onSundaymorning;在一个寒冷的夜晚onacoldnight。in多指“段时间”，如：18世纪intheeighteenthcentury;在2003年in2003;在春天inspring;在六月inJune;在早上inthemorning;在他20多岁时inhistwenties.(2).before,after和in的区别:before是指“在之前”,如：在5点钟前beforefiveoclock;在星期五前beforeFriday.after和in是指“在之后”。其后接“一段时间”时，in与将来时连用，after一般与过去时连用。如：shewillbebackintwoweeks(months,years).她两个星期(月,年)之后回来。,语法复习：介词,Shecamebackafteraweek.她一个星期后回来若后面接的是一个“时间点”时，只用after。如:Shewillarriveaftertwooclock.她在2点后到达。(3).since和for的区别:两者与现在完成时连用时，since后接“时间点或过去时的一个句子”，for后接“时间段”。如：IhavebeeninChinasince2000(时间点).=IhavebeeninChinafor12years(时间段)。我在中国12年了。Hehasstayedinthisschoolsincehecamehere.自从他来到这里后，他就呆在这个学校。(4).考点1专练：用at,in,on,before,after,since,for填空1.Jackywasborn_July11th,1998.Iwasborn_July1st,1998.SoIwasborntendays_him.2.Wehavefourclasses_thedaytimeandtwo_night.3.Harryhasstayedhere_lastnight.Hehasbeenhere_12hours.4.Iwillbeout_eightoclocktomorrow.AndIwillcomeback_amonth.,on,on,in,before,at,for,since,after,in,语法复习：介词,5.Theygetup_6:30everymorning.Butyesterdaytheygotup_aquarterpastseven.考点2：表地点与位置的介词(1).at和in的区别：at后接小地方，in接大地方。如：IliveinBeijingwhilehelivesatasmallvillageinYunnan.我住在北京，而他住在云南的一个小村子里。(2).in,on和to的区别:in表示两个地方是相属关系(即一个小地方属于大地方管辖)；on表示两个地方相接(即两个地方是连接在一起的);to表示两个地方相隔(即两个地方中间是隔开的)。如：GuangdongisinthesouthofChina.广东在中国南部。(广东属于中国的一问部分)GuangdongliesontheeastofGuangxi.广东在广西的东部。(广东广西是连接在一起的)ChinaistothewestofJapan.中国在日本的西部。(中国日本隔海相望)(3).across,through,over的区别：across指表面上过；through指中间穿过；over指上空过。如：,at,at,语法复习：介词,Theoldmanwentacrosstheroadcarefully.老人小心地从路面上走过。Thesunlightwentintotheroomthroughthewindow.阳光透过窗户进入房间。Look,abirdisflyingoverthetallbuilding.看，一只小鸟正飞过高楼。(4).infrontof与inthefrontof的区别:infrontof指物体外的前面；inthefrontof指物体内的前部。如：Thereisatalltreeinfrontofmyhouse.在我屋前有一颗大树。(树在屋外)Canyouseethedeskinthefrontoftheclassroom?你能看见在教室前面的桌子吗？(桌子在教室里面)(5).inthewall与onthewall;inthetree与onthetree的区别：inthewall指在墙里面；onthewall指在墙表面；inthetree指在树上的外来物；onthetree指树上本身长出的果实等。如：Thereisawindowinthewall.墙上有个窗户(窗户在墙里面)。Abeautifulpictureishungonthewall.一幅漂亮的画被挂在墙上(画在墙的表面)。Tomputabagintheappletreeandthenhepickedtheapplesonthetree.汤姆把书包挂在苹果树上，然后摘树上的苹果。(书包是外来物，而苹果是树本身长出来的),语法复习：介词,(6).考点2专练：用at,in,on,to,across,through,over,infrontof,inthefrontof填空1.Iwillarrive_theairport_LondonnextWednesday.2.Hunanis_thesouthofChina.Butits_thesouthofHubeiand_thenorthofHainan.3.Thereisabridge_theriver.Andheoftenwalks_thebridgetoplaywithhisfriends.4.Atlasthewalked_theforestandsawavillage.5.Yourmotherislookingforyou_theclassroom.Youcantstand_theclassroomtomeether.Youhavetogoouttomeether.6.Thereisahole_thefrontwallandthereisanairconditioner_thebackwall.7.Canyouseetheoranges_thetree?Justpickthemandputthem_thebag_thetree.考点3.其他常用的介词：(1).besides,except,but的区别：,at,on,in,in,to,through,across,over,inthefrontof,infrontof,in,in,in,on,on,语法复习：介词,besides是指“除外，还有”，表示加的概念；except指“整体中除去一部分”，表示减的概念；but常用于否定搭配nothingbut,或nobodybut表示“只有，仅有”的意思。如：Ihavetolearnmath,Chinese,politicsbesidesEnglish.我除了英语外还必须学数学，语文，政治。WegotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.除了星期六和星期天，我们天天要上学。TheresnobodybutTomintheclassroom.教室里只有汤姆在。(2).in与with的区别：两者都表示“用”,in后接语言，颜色，笔墨等，且in和后面的名词之间一般没有其他词；with接具体手段与工具。且with与后面的名词之间一般有其他词。如：HetoldusthestoryinEnglish.他用英语给我们讲故事。(in后直+English,中间没其他词)Pleasecolorthisclothinred.请把这块布染成红色。Katewrotealetterinink.凯特用墨水写了这封信。Hehitmywindowwithastone.他用石头砸我的窗。(with和stone中间有词a),语法复习：介词,(3).表交通方式的介词:一般情况下用by+交通工具的单数名词。要是介词与交通工具的名词间有限定词，则介词不能用by,要用相应的in或者on。具体如下：bybus=onbus;bybike=onbike;byplane=onplane;bytrain=ontrain;byship=onship;byboat=inboat;bycar=incar;bysubway=insubway。如：Ioftengotoschoolbybus.我常常坐公交车上学。(by和bus间没限定词).Hewenttocinemabybike.=Hewenttocinemaonabike.他昨晚坐单车去电影院。(前句by和bike间没限定词，而后句on和bike间有限定词a).(4).with和without:with表示“和一起，具有”等意思，without则表示“没有”等意思，与with相反。如：Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.中国是一个历史悠久的国家Iwanttogototheparkwithyou.我想和你去公园。Fishwilldiewithoutwater.没有水鱼就会死。(5).考点3专练：用besides,except,but,in,with,by,on,without填空1.Weneed20morepeopletohelpus_Class1andClass2.2.Idowellinallthesubjects_English.3.Thereisnothingnewintheroom_aTV.,besides,except,but,语法复习：介词,4.Whatsthis_English?Itsanapple.Nowyoucancutitintohalf_aknife.5.NextweekIwillgotoMountEmei_plane.Butmyparentswouldliketogothere_atrain.6.Youcantgo_him_mypermission.考点4：固定搭配(1).短语类agreewith同意hearof听说payfor付钱laughat嘲笑giveup放弃preferto更喜欢takeoff脱下，起飞learnfrom向学习sendfor派人去请befullof=befilledwith装满dependon取决于atonce立刻，马上ononeswayto在去的路上belongto属于inalowvoice小声地inpublic在公共场所outofbreath上气不接下气inthesun在阳光下onshow=ondisplay展览introuble有麻烦toonessurprise令惊奇的是onduty值日inahurry匆忙地atlast最后bytheendof到为止inorderto目的是ontheleft(right)在左(右)边outofwork失业withasmile带着微笑atthesametime同时attheageof在岁时onthefarm在农场,without,with,by,on,in,with,语法复习：介词,bemadeof(from)由制成bebusywith忙于beangrywith对生气bestrictwith(in)对.严格beinterestedin对感兴趣catchupwith赶上beproudof对自豪lookforwardto期盼insurprise惊讶地outofsight看不见takecareof照顾thanksto多亏hearfrom收到来信helpwith帮肋goinfor从事handin上交(2)句子类1).Hewalkedintotheclassroomwithabookinhishand.他手里拿着一本书走进了教室。2).Itsverydifficultforyoutolearnmath.对你来说学数学很难。3).Itskindofyoutohelpme.帮了我你真好。4).Ittookmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.我花2小时完成作业。5).Whataboutgoingouttoplaytogether?一起出去玩怎么样？6).