中考英语语法复习之定于从句集3.ppt

定语从句,【真题体验】1Doyouknowthegirl_A_istalkingwithourteacher?Oh，shesmysister.(2014，滨州)AwhoBwhoseCwhomDwhere2AfterMandelawasfree(自由的)in1990，hechosetoshakehandswiththepeople_D_wantedtokillhim.(2014，临沂)AwhoseBwhichC/Dwho3Inatextmessage，88meansByebye.(2014，黄冈)AndanotherexampleisF2F_A_standsforfacetoface.AthatBwhoCwhomDit,4Ireallylikethephotoofmyfamily_A_mysistertookinthecityparklastyear.(2014，绍兴)AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhom【考点梳理】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能、结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。,高频考点一定语从句的关系词定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引导。1who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou？他是想见你的那个人吗？Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。,2which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。3whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。如：Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。,4关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如：Illneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸爸十年前工作的城市。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？,【例1】Doyouknowtheman_C_istalkingtoMissWu？(2014，广州)AheBwhomCwhoDwhich点拨：先行词是theman，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用who来引导。【例2】Pleasepassmethecartoonbook_D_hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.AwhomBwhoseCwhoDwhich点拨：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which。【例3】Thisistheprimaryschool_A_Istudiedthreeyearsago.AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich点拨：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。,1当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的足球赛中最激烈的一场。2当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。3先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们为学生所要做的事情就是告诉他们如何在课堂上说英语。ImgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。,4当先行词前面有only，all，any，no等词修饰时。如：ThatsallthatIwanttosay.这就是我想说的全部。5当并列的先行词分别表示人和物时。如：Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。,【例4】ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace_A_Iveevervisited.(2013，十堰)AthatBwhichCwhereDwhat点拨：在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that。【例5】“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage_B_beginsandendswiththeletters“und.”(2014，河南)AwhatBthatCwhoDwhom点拨：句意为“underground是英语这种语言中唯一一个以und开头和结尾的单词。”定语从句的先行词是“theonlyword”，当先行词有only修饰时，从句应用that引导。,高频考点三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况1当先行词为all，any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。2先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如：Thosewhohadntboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。,3当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如：Theguest(who/whom)Illfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。Imetafewfriendsofmine，amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。【例6】Successwillbelongtothose_C_neversay“impossible”AwhomBwhatCwhoDwhich点拨：先行词those，故关系代词用who。,1Whatareyoulookingfor？(2014，德州)ImlookingfortheCDaboutEXO_A_Iboughtyesterday.AthatBwhoCwhoseDwhen2Heisunlikelytofindtheschool_A_hetaught50yearsago.(2014，枣庄)AwhereBwhenChowDwhy3WhensomeChinesewomenweredancingtoloudmusicinaparkinNewYork，thepeople_A_livednearbycalledthepolice.(2014，东营)AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich4People_D_overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.(2014，呼和浩特)AwhoisBwhichareCthatisDwhoare,5HaveyouseenthedocumentarynamedABiteofChina?Yeah！Itsthemostfunnyone_A_Ihaveeverseen.(2014，咸宁)AthatBwhatCwhichDwhere6Whatareyoulookingfor?Imlookingforthewatch_A_Iboughtyesterday.(2013，长沙)AwhichBwhoCwhoseDwhere7Lilydoesntknow_D_sheandherfriendscandotohelpthelittleboy_parentshavelefttheirhometownformakingmoney.(2013，兰州)Athat；thoseBhow；whoCwhat；whoDwhat；whose,8Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers_C_IvisitedinLondonyearsago.(2013，安徽)AwhatBwhoCthatDwhich9Afriendissomeone_A_says，“What！Youtoo？IthoughtIwastheonlyone！”(2013，河南)AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhose10Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?Ilikemusic_D_Icandanceto.(2013，宜宾)AbecauseBwhenCwhoDthat,11Illneverforgetthelesson_B_lastyear.(2013，三亚)AthatIlearnBthatIlearnedCwhatIlearnDwhatIlearned12Sheisthegirl_D_inventiongotthefirstprizeintheschoolcompetition.(2013，荆州)AwhoBthatCwhichDwhose13OneofthemostinterestingplacesinYangzhou_C_areoftenvisitedbyforeignersistheWestLake.AwhatBwhoCthatD/,14Illneverforgettheday_C_thegreatscientistca