山西省中考英语第一轮课本考点聚焦第8讲八上Units7-8习题.ppt

山西省,英语,第8讲八年级(上)Units78,1pollute(v.)(n.)污染；污染物2believe(v.)(n.)相信；信仰(adj.)可相信的；可信任的3disagree(v.)(反义词)同意；赞成；应允(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)不同意；持不同意见；有分歧(n.)意见不一；分歧；争论4fall(v.)(过去式)(过去分词)(现在分词)倒塌；跌倒；掉落5main(adj.)(adv.)主要地；总体上；大致,pollution,belief,believable,agree,disagreed,disagreeing,disagreement,fell,fallen,falling,mainly,6foreign(adj.)(n.)外国人7able(adj.)(n.)能力；才能(反义词)丧失能力的；有残疾的8own(adj.&pron.)(n.)物主；主人9possible(adj.)(反义词)不可能存在或发生的；不可能的(adv.)可能；或许(n.)可能；可能性10they(pron.)(pron.)他(她、它)们(宾格)(pron.)他(她、它)们自己(pron.)他(她、它)们的,foreigner,ability,disabled,owner,impossible,possibly,possibility,them,themselves,their,11shake(n.&v.)(过去式)(过去分词)(现在分词)摇动；抖动12salt(n.)(adj.)含盐的；咸的13tradition(n.)(adj.)传统的；惯例的14advice(n.)(v.)劝告；建议15experience(n.)(pl.)经历(n.)经验(adj.)有经验的；有阅历的；有见识的；熟练的,shook,shaken,shaking,salty,traditional,advise,experiences,experience,experienced,16dig(v.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)掘(地)；凿(洞)；挖(土)17travel(v.&n.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)旅行；游历(n.)漂泊者；旅行者；游客18celebrate(v.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)庆祝；庆贺(n.)庆祝或祝贺(的活动或场合)19mix(v.)(过去式/过去分词)(现在分词)(使)混合；融合(n.)混合；混合状态；混合物,digged/dug,digging,traveled/travelled,traveling/travelling,traveler/traveller,celebrated,celebrating,celebration,mixed,mixing,mixture,1参与(某事)2未来，将来3太空站4多次，反复地5醒来，唤醒6不同意7突然倒下，跌倒；倒塌,playapart,inthefuture,spacestation,overandoveragain,wakeup,disagreewith,falldown,8寻找，寻求9奶昔10接通，打开11把倒入12取出，拿出13一片(块，张)14用装满,lookfor,milkshake,turnon,o.,takeout,apieceof,fill.with.,1peoplemoney？“100年后人们还会使用钱吗？”No，Everythingwill“不会。一切都是免费的。”2Willpeople200yearsold？“人们会活到两百岁吗？”Yes，“会。”3Everyoneshouldtheearth.每一个人都应当尽一份力来拯救地球。4beworldpeace？“世界会和平吗？”Yes，I“会的，我希望如此。”,Will,use,in100years,theywont,befree,livetobe,theywill,playapartinsaving,Willthere,hopeso,5Todayalreadyrobotsinfactories.现在已经有机器人在工厂工作了。6Forexample，scientistJamesWhitethinksthatrobotsbeabletoandknowwheretheyare.例如，科学家詹姆斯怀特认为机器人将决不会醒来和知道它们在哪里。7willlooklikehumans，andmightlooklikeanimals.一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像动物。8abananamilkshake？你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？9doweneed？我们需要多少苹果？,thereare,working,willnever,wakeup,Some,others,Howdoyoumake,Howmanyapples,10Then，addthecabbage，tomatoesandonionandcook然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上10分钟。11Doyouknowplantatree？你知道如何种树吗？12Now，thericenoodles！现在，到了享受米线的时候了！,foranother10minutes,howto,itstimetoenjoy,1Haveyoufinishedtheposterfortheparty?Notyet.Iitintwodays.(2015，山西21题)AfinishBfinishedCwillfinish2ItssaidthatacollegestudenthadatoTibetwith500yuanforamonth.Howsurprising！Onceyouhaveanideatogosomewhere，doit！(2014，山西17题)AmatchBtravelCchange,C,B,paper【典例在线】apieceofpaper一张纸；twopiecesofpaper两张纸Wherearemyexampapers？Icantfindthem.我的试卷在哪里？我找不到它们了。【拓展精析】paper表示“纸；纸张”时，为不可数名词。若表示纸张的数量时，通常用.piece(s)of。paper还可作可数名词，意为“报纸；试卷；论文”等。其复数形式为papers。【活学活用】1)PleasepickuptheDontkeepitonthefloor.ApaperBboxesCbooksDbottles2)CanIhelpyou?Idliketohave100Iwantmystudentstodrawpictures.ApieceofpaperBpiecesofpaperCpiecesofpapersDpieceofpapers,A,B,keep【典例在线】Itsourdutytokeeptheclassroomclean.保持教室干净是我们的职责。ThecleverMonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelptheweak.聪明的猴王一直为了帮助弱者而战斗。Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthatkeepitinhisear.有时他把棒子变得很小，藏在耳朵里。Theclocksloudtickingkeptmefromsleepinglastnight.昨晚，闹钟的滴答声吵得我睡不着。【拓展精析】keepsb./sth.形容词，使某人或某物保持某种状态。keepsb./sth.介词短语，使某人或某物保留在某地。keep(sb.)doingsth.(使某人)反复地/不停地做某事。keepsb.fromdoingsth.防止或阻止某人做某事，相当于stop/preventsb.fromdoingsth.。相关短语：keepintouchwith保持联系；keeponescool沉住气，保持冷静；keep.awayfrom避免接近，远离。,【活学活用】3)Someofthetiredstudentskeeptheireyesinbreaks.AopenedBcloseCclosedDopen4)你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗？(2015，黄冈)DoyouthinkweteenagersshouldtheInternet？(keep)fill【典例在线】Pleasefilltheglasswithwater.请把杯子装满水。Theglassisfilledwithwater.Theglassisfullofwater.玻璃杯里装满了水。,C,keepawayfrom,【拓展精析】fill动词，意为“(使)充满；装满”，常用于“fill.with.”结构中，意为“用把装满”，强调动作的过程。full为fill的形容词形式，意为“装满的；充满的”。常用短语：befilledwithbefullof装满；充满；填满。【活学活用】5)WhenIheardmybabygirlsayherfirstword，myheartwaswithjoy.AfilledBpreparedCshownDfullhundredsof【典例在线】Theyagreeitmaytakehundredsofyears.他们一致认为这可能要花几百年的时间。OvertwohundredstudentsvisitedthefarmlastSunday.上星期天两百多个学生参观了农场,A,【拓展精析】hundred，thousand，million，billion为数量单位，当与具体的数字连用时，本身不加s，其后加名词复数形式。当表示不确定数目，意为“数以百计、数以千计、数以百万计”时，本身加s，并与of连用，其后也加名词复数形式。【活学活用】6)Whenhearrivedattheairport，LeeMinhofoundthat(数百)fanswerewaitingforhimthere.7)Samenjoyscollecting.Hehascollectedoverthree(百)stamps.8)Itsreportedthatpeoplethrowplasticbagsalongthisstreeteveryweek.(2015，六盘水)AhundredBhundredsChundredsofDhundredof,hundredsof,hundred,C,Therewillbelessfreetime.空闲时间将会更少。【典例在线】Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirhomes.人们家里将会有机器人。Ithinktherewillbefewertrees.我认为树将会更少。Imgoingtostudymathreallyhard.我打算努力学数学。【拓展精析】一般将来时：will/begoingto动词原形，表示“将要做什么”。表有计划性进行或迹象表明通常用begoingto。Therewillbe.Thereisgoingtobe.是therebe句型的一般将来时，意为“(某地/某时)将会有”。,【活学活用】1)Wesomerobotsathomeinthefutureandtheresomeintheoffice，too.(2015，安顺)Awillhave；willhaveBhave；willbeCwillhave；willbeDwillhave；areWillpeopleusemoneyin100years？一百年后人们还会用钱(币)吗？【典例在线】TheyllleaveforLondonintwoweeks.两周后他们将前往伦敦。Wellcomebackaftersixoclock.我们将在六点之后回来。Shegotthereafterthreedays.她三天后到达了那里。,C,【拓展精析】in与after都可以表示时间。“in一段时间”，用来表示从现在算起的“过一段时间以后”，常用于将来时的肯定句中。通常与go，come，start，arrive，return，finish等表示瞬间动作的终止性动词连用。常用来回答“Howsoon.？”的问句。“after一段时间”用来表示从过去算起的“过一段时间以后”，谓语动词用过去时，不可用将来时；“after具体时间或某一具体事项”作时间状语时，谓语动词可用过去时，也可用将来时。2)TheDragonBoatFestivalthisyearwillcomefourdays.(2015，安徽)AafterBforCduringDin3)Afterhardtrainingforalongtime，hetherecordsagain.AbrokeBbreaksCisbreakingDwasbroke,D,A,more，fewer与less【典例在线】Youcanuselesswaterandplantmoretrees.你可以用更少的水，种更多的树。Peoplewillhavemorefreetimebecausetherewillbefewerthingstodo.因为会有更少的事情要做，人们将会有更多的空闲时间。【拓展精析】more意为“更多”，是many，much的比较级，既修饰可数名词复数，又修饰不可数名词。fewer意为“更少”，是few的比较级，修饰可数名词复数。less意为“更少”，是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词。【注意】themost意为“最多”，是many，much的最高级；thefewest，theleast意为“最少”，分别是few，little的最高级。,【活学活用】1)Therewillbe(更少)jobsforpeoplebecausesomerobotswilldothesamejobsaspeople.2)在考试中，我们越细心，我们犯的错误就越少。Inourexam，thecarefulweare，themistakeswellmake.3)Bobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.Imsurehecandotheworkwithmoneyandpeople.(2015，广东)Aless；lessBfewer；moreCmore；fewerDless；feweryet与already【典例在线】Ihavefinishedreadingthebookalready.我已经读完这本书了。Haveyoufoundthebookyet？你已经找到那本书了吗？Notyet.还没找到。Shehasntfinishedherhomeworkyet.她还没有做完她的作业。,fewer,more,fewer,D,【拓展精析】already常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”；yet常用于疑问句或否定句中，在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。【活学活用】4)The3DTitanicisamovingfilm.MyparentshaveseenittwiceAyetBalreadyCneverDalmost5)HaveyoubeentoShanghai？Yes，Ivebeentheretwice.Aalready；alreadyBalready；yetCyet；alreadyDyet；yetanother与more,B,C,【典例在线】Addthecabbage，tomatoesandonionandcookforanother10minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上10分钟。Thereisntenoughmeat，weneedsomemore.肉不够，我们需要再多一些。【拓展精析】两者都指在原来的基础上再增加一些，但所处的位置不同：another基数词名词；基词数more名词。【活学活用】6)Ifyouprefertheredeveningdress，youllhavetopay(又，再)30dollars，becauseitsmadeofsilk.7)Doyouhaveenoughstudentstocleanthelaboratory?No.Ithinkweneedtwostudents.,another,more,turndown，turnoff，turnup与turnon【典例在线】Theradioisveryloud.Canyouturnitdownalittle，please？收音机声音太大，你能调小一点儿吗？Pleaseturnoff/ontheradio.请把收音机关上/打开。Shesatdownandturneduptheradio.她坐下来，把收音机的声音调大了。【拓展精析】turndown表示“关小；调低(音量)”；turnoff表示“关掉”；turnup表示“开大；调高(音量)”；turnon表示“打开”。turnon与turnoff；turnup与turndown均互为反义词组。注意：on，off，up，down这四个词都是副词，在使用过程中，当宾语为代词时，只能置于动词和副词之间；当宾语为名词时，既可置于动词和副词之间，也可置于副词之后。【活学活用】8)Couldyouthecomputerforme，dear？Iwanttocheckmyemails.(2015，襄阳)Certainly，Illdoitrightaway.AturnonBturndownCturnoffDturnup,A,一、单项选择。1Communityispartofeducationforteenagers.Sotheyshouldbeencouragedtodoitoften.(2015，山西百校联考一模)AserviceBconditionCenvironment2WhatifIdidsomethingwrong，Dad?Youdbetternotit.Instead，behonest.(2015，山西百校联考一模)AbreakBmissCcover3Inourclass，theresathatwhenitissomebodysbirthday，theybringinacakeforusalltoshare.(2015，山西百校联考四模)AconversationBtraditionCdiscussion,A,C,B,4ThousandsofforeignerstheWorldInternetConferenceinWuTown.(2015，山西百校联考四模)AattendedBacceptedCattracted5InEnglish，wesaythatsharingaproblemislikecuttingit(2015，厦门)AintohalfBinhalfCbyhalf6Withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry，therewillbelivingspaceforwildanimals.(2015，朔州模拟)AfewerandfewerBlessandlessCmoreandmore,A,B,B,7Youshouldthecustomerssometeabeforemeals.(2015，贵港)Buttheysaidtheycouldntwaittoeat.AserveBinviteCprovide8Couldyoupleasegetmesome？Imhungry.(2015，黔西南州)AappleBwaterCbread9Haveyoufinishedthework?No，not.Weareworkinghardatit.(2016，原创)Aalready；still；yetBalready；yet；stillCyet；always；stillDyet；still；already10Theygotthefirstplaceinthesingingcompetition.Sotheyarehavingapartytoit.(2016，预测)AholdBcelebrateCfinish,A,C,B,B,二、完形填空。(2015，运城模拟)ThereisanoldEnglishsaying，“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”OnepersonwhocertainlywouldhaveagreedwiththisisNormanCousins.NormanCousinswastheeditorofamagazinecalledSaturdayReviewforalmostfortyyears.Healso1andspokeaboutworldpeaceandantiwarissues(反战议题)，travelingtomanydifferentcountriestosharehis2Inthe1960s，afterreturningtotheUnitedStatesfromabusyandtiringtriptoEurope，Mr.Cousinsgot3Hediscoveredhehadastrangediseasethatcausedgreatpaininhisbones(骨头)Inlessthanaweekafterhegotback，hecouldnot4it.Everymovethathemadewaspainful.Hewasnotableto5atnight.ThedoctorstoldMr.Cousinsthattheydidnotknowhowtocure(治疗)hisproblemandhemightnever6theillness.Mr.Cousins，however，refusedtogiveuphope.Mr.Cousinsthoughtthattheillnesscouldbecausedby7thoughts.Hedidnotwanttotake8tocurehimself.Instead，hefeltthathappythoughtsorlaughtermightcurehisillness.,Hebegantoexperimentonhimselfwhilestillinthehospitalbywatchingcomedyshowsontelevision.Mr.Cousinsquicklyfoundthattenminutesof9laughterduringthedaygavehimtwohoursofpainfreesleepatnight.Decidingthatthe10couldnothelphim，Mr.Cousinsleftthehospitalandcheckedintoahotelroomwherehecould11hisexperimentswithlaughter.Foreightdays，Mr.Cousins12inthehotelroomwatchingcomedyshowsontelevision，readingamusingbooks，andsleepingwheneverhefelt13Withinthreeweeks，hefeltwellenoughtotakeavacationtoPuertoRicowherehebeganrunningonthebeachfor14Afterafewmonths，Mr.Cousinswas15tocarryonhiswork.Hehadlaughedhimselfbacktohealth.,()1.A.laughedBtaughtCwrote()2.A.magazinesBsubjectsCideas()3.A.richBsickClonely()4.A.standBrealizeCface()5.A.dreamBeatCsleep()6.A.gothroughBlookafterCgetover()7.A.unhappyBpleasantCsilly()8.A.foodBtimeCmedicine,C,C,B,A,C,C,A,C,()9.A.unusualBfalseCwild()10.A.friendsBlaughterCdoctors()11.A.beginBendCcontinue()12.A.restedBworkedCstudied()13.A.wellBtiredCafraid()14.A.helpBexerciseCfreedom()15.A.ableBsafeClazy,C,C,C,A,B,B,A,三、阅读理解(一)。(2015，福州)Haveyounoticedyourlifebecomingalittleeasier？Now，whenyougotoacertainshoppingmall，youcanenjoyitsfreeWiFithere.Whenyouwanttotakeataxi，youcanbookonewithyourphone.Infact，allthesecanbeseenasthebasicpartsofasmartcity.TheideaofasmartcitywasbroughtupbyUScompanyIBMin2010.Generally，asmartcityisacitythatusesdigitaltechnologiessuchastheInternettoimprovecityplanning，savemoneyandresources，andmakeourlifeconvenientHowsmartcanacitybe？Herearegreatexamplesthatwecanlearnfrom.,In2009，DubuquebecamethefirstsmartcityintheUS.Thecityusedsmartwatermeterstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwatermeters.Theycandetect(探测)waterwasteandleakage(泄漏)andsenddatatoletthehouseownerknow.Thesamesystemisusedforothercityresourceslikeelectricityandnaturalgas.Thisway，peopleknowhowtheyusetheirresourcesandaregladtohelpreducewaste.SantanderinSpainalsogivesusalookatthefuture.Ifpeoplepointaphonetowardanearbybusstop，thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatservethestopaswellastheirarrivaltimes.ThegovernmentorganizedaresearchteamandprovidedanApp(应用程序)thatcollectsdataonalmosteverything：light，temperature，andthemovementsofcarsandpeople.OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovidesimmediateinformationonspecialoffers.,1Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisRIGHT？ADigitaltechnologiesareusedinsmartcities.BAnEnglishcompanyfirstraisedtheideaofasmartcity.CAsmartcityismainlymadeupoffreeWiFiandphones.DAsmartcityisstillanideaandhasntcomeintobeing.2Theunderlinedword“convenient”istheclosestinmeaningtoAusefulBnormalCsuitableDeasy3Comparedtotraditionalwatermeters，smartwatermetersdobetterinAcleaningwaterBsupplyingwaterCsavingwaterDproducingwater,A,D,C,4TheexampleofSantandershowstheuseofsmartsystemsinaspects(方面)EXCEPTAbusinessBhealthcareCtrafficcontrollingDpublictransportation5Whatsthemainideaofthepassage？ADigitaltechnologieshelpimprovecityplanning.BSmartcitieswillmakeourfuturelifebetterandsmarter.CSmartcitiesareverycommoninbothDubuqueandSantander.DSpainandtheUStaketheleadingpositioninbuildingsmartcities.,B,B,四、词语运用。(2015，淄博)clean，important，shop，little，popular，few，treated，healthy，worry，until，take，homesManypeopleliketokeeppets.Dogsandcatsarevery1.pets.Somepeople，however，keepbirdsorgoldfish.Theyneedlessspaceandareeasiertolookafter.Ifyouwanttohaveapet，youcanbuyonefromapet2.butyoumustbecarefulnottobuyasickanimal.Itisbestifyouknowsomethingaboutthepetyouwant.Thishelpsyouchooseahealthypet.However，ifyoudonothavemuchmoneyandknowvery3.aboutanimals，youcanvisittheRoyalSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(皇家防止虐待动物协会)