托福口语ppt.ppt

InformationontheSpeakingSection,1.TypesofSpeakingTasks2IndependentTasks(preparation:15sec./response:45sec.)(1)1PersonalExperience-Thistaskwillaskyoutospeakaboutsomethingthatisfamiliartoyou,youneedtodescribeitandgivesomereasonstodefendresponse.(2)1PersonalChoice/Opinion-Thistaskwillaskyoutomakeanddefendapersonalchoicebetweentwopossibleopinions,actions,orsituations.Youshouldjustifyyourchoicewithreasonsanddetails.,2integratedTasks:Read-Listen-Speak(Preparation:30sec./response:60sec.)(1)1Campussituationtopic-reading75100words(45sec.)conversation150180words(6080sec.)-Thistaskwillaskyoutoresponsetoaquestionbasedonwhatyouhavereadandheard.Youwillfirstreadashortpassagepresentingacampus-relatedissueandwillthenlistentoadialogueonthesametopic.Then,youwillbeaskedtosummarizeonespeakersopinionwithinthecontextofthereadingpassage.Youshouldbecarefulnottoexpressyourownopinioninyourresponse.,InformationontheSpeakingSection,InformationontheSpeakingSection,(2)1Academiccoursetopic-reading:75100words(45sec.)lecture:150220words(6090sec.)-Thistaskalsoasksyoutorespondaquestionbasedonwhatyouhavereadandheard.Youwillfirstreadashortpassageaboutanacademicsubjectandthenwilllistentoanexpertfromalectureonthatsubject.Then,youwillbeaskedtocombineandconveyimportantinformationfromboththereadingpassageandthelecture.,2IntegratedTasks:Listen-Speak(preparation:20sec./response:60sec.)(1)1Campussituationtopic-conversation:180220words(6090sec.)-Inthistask,youwillfirstlistentoaconversationaboutastudentrelatedproblemandtwopossiblesolutions.Then,youwillbeaskedtodescribetheproblem,chooseareferredsolution,andexplainwhyyouhavechosenthatsolution.(2)1Academiccoursetopic-lecture:230280(90129sec.)-Inthistask,youwillfirstlistentoanexpertfromalecturethatexplainatermorconceptandgivessomeexamplestoillustrateit.Then,youwillbeaskedtosummarizethelectureandexplainhowtheexamplesareconnectedwiththeoveralltopic.,InformationontheSpeakingSection,InformationontheSpeakingSection,2.ImportantFeaturesofEvaluation(1)DeliveryYoushouldspeaksmoothlyandclearly,havegoodpronunciation,paceyourselfnaturally,andhavenatural-soundingintonationpatterns.(2)LanguageUseYoushouldbeabletousebothbasicandmorecomplexlanguagestructuresandchoosetheappropriatewords.(3)TopicDevelopmentYoushouldmakesurethattherelationshipbetweenyourideasandyourprogressionfromoneideatothenextisclearandeasytofollow.,连接词(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：eitheror，neithernor,or,aswellas,and,bothand(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof，becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto等。(3)表时间顺序的连接词：themoment,assoonas,atfirst,then,later,meanwhile,atthebeginning,intheend,beforelong,forthefirst(second)time等。(4)表转折关系的连接词：yet,andyet,but,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,however,atthesametime(然而)等。(5)表解释说明的连接词：thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords,suchas,forinstance,andsoon,etc.andthelike等。(6)表递进关系的连接词：notonlybut(also),what，smore,whatsworse,besides,inaddition,worsestill,moreover,aboveall等。(7)表示总结的连接词：inaword,onthewhole,inshort,briefly,inbrief,tosumup,inall等。,PronounciationSkills,五大发音要点一，长元音和双元音饱满二，短元音急促有力三，连读四，略读五，咬舌头,长元音：/a:/i:/:/u:/:/双元音：/ei/ai/i/au/u/i/e/u/1,Mikelikestowritebythenicebrightlightaynight.2,MacaocamebacktoChinain1999.3,Iliketheshapeofthemountain.短元音：/e/i/u/1,Jimmuststudyalittlebitmore.2,Letsgettogetheragain.,PronounciationSkills,PronounciationSkills,连读(1)“辅音+元音”型连读如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglishboy.Itisanoldbook.Letmehavealookatit.MsBlackworkedinanofficelastyesterday.Icalledyouhalfanhourago.Putiton,please.Notatall.Pleasepickitup.,(2)“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。Theyremyfatherandmother.Ilookedforithereandthere.Thereisafootballunderit.Hereisaletterforyou.Butwhereismycup?Whereareyourbrotherandsister。但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。Theblackcloudsarecomingnearerandnearer.（nearer与and不可连读）,PronounciationSkills,PronounciationSkills,(3)相同辅音连读两个相同辅音连读，该辅音只发一次，且音值略延长Biggirl大女孩Takecare小心Likekidding喜欢开玩笑Olddays旧时光(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。IamChinese.Heisveryfriendlytome.ShewantstostudyEnglish.Howandwhydidyoucomehere?Shecantcarryit.,略读爆破音/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/之后如果没有元音，那么这些爆破音会失去爆破，只能感觉到气流的停顿，也就是气压差的感觉Bigbigworld大大的世界Laptop手提电脑Getmad生气Bankteller银行出纳咬舌头1，Therearethirtythreethousandthreehundredandthirtythreefeathersonthatthrushsthroat.2，Neitherfathernormotherlikestheweather.3,Somethingisbetterthannothing.4,Fatherandmotherwentthroughthickandthin.,PronounciationSkills,IndependentTasks,1,尽量实物化,最好有数字和时间等量化的东西,越具体越详细越好.2,口语要靠平时多练,在生活中,也可以给自己提问题,然后尝试着用英文回答.3,口语中尽量使用简单词汇.Structure:Topic(opinion)Idea-details(withexample)ReasonsIdea-details(withexample)Ending,IndependentTasks,StateYourOpinion1,Ithink/believe/feel(that)S+V我认为，我相信，我感到Ithinkthemostimportantqualityofagoodfriendistrustworthiness.2,Inmyopinion,S+V我认为，依我看Inmyopinion,themostimportantinventioninthe20thcenturywasthecomputer.3,Basedonmyexperience,S+V以我的经验看Basedonmyexperience,historywasoneofthemostvaluableclasses.4,AsfarasIamconcerned,S+V就我而言.AsfarasIamconcerned,thesubwayisthemostconvenientmethodiftransportation.,IndependentTasks,5,Tome,themostis对我来说，最的是Tome,themostmemorablebookisTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnbyMarkTwain.6,Iconsidertobethemost我认为是最IconsiderParistobethemostattractivecityIveeverbeento.7,TheIlikemostis我最喜欢的是TheboardgameIlikemostisMonopoly.8,WhenitcomestoS+V当谈到说到Whenitcomestomyfavoritepublicplace,IenjoygoingtotheNationalMuseum.,IndependentTasks,GivingReasons1,WhatIlikeaboutisthatS+V我喜欢的原因是WhatIlikeaboutmymathteacheristhathehasagreatsenseofhumor.2,ThereareseveralreasonswhyS+V有几个原因ThereareseveralreasonswhyIadmireMotherTeresa.3,OnereasonwhyS+VisthatS+V,AnotherreasonisthatS+V的一个原因是,另一个原因是OnereasonwhyIlikeamusementparksisthatIcanenjoyvariouskindsofridesthere.AnotherreasonisthatIcanwatchfantasticperformancesandparades.,GivingSupportingDetails(1)GivingExamplesForexample/instance,S+V例如Myteacherisaveryorganizedperson.Forexample,hisdeskisalwaysneatandclean.Suchas比如，像Iwanttolearnsomepracticalskills,suchascooking,driving,andcomputerprogramming.(2)ClarifyingInotherwords,S+V换言之Imanightperson.Inotherwords,Immoreefficientwhenstudyingatnightthaninthemorning.ImeanS+V我的意思是说Iadmirefirefightersbutdontwanttobeonemyself,Imeantheirjobistoodangerous.,Task1PersonalExperience1,地点类(place)ex:Describeyourfavoriteplaceinthecityandexplainwhyyoulikethisplace.2,事件类(eventoractivity)ex:Describethemostimportantdecisionyouhavemadeinyourlife.(3)人物类(person)ex:Describeyourfavoriteteacherandexplainhowthisteacherinfluencedyou.(4)物体类(objects)ex:Describethebest/worstinventioninthe20thcenturyandexplainhowitaffectsyourlife.,IndependentTasks,一，地点类地点类型思路：Setting，Priceandservice,Location(convenience),Features,History,Myownfeeling常考题目：1，Describeaplacethatyoulikebestinyourcity.Pleasestatewhyyoulikeitwithspecificexamplesanddetails.2，Whenyouaretogetherwithyourfriends,whichplacewouldyouliketogo?Explainwhy.3，Describeapublicareathatyouvisitfrequently.Pleasestatewhyyouvisititfrequentlyandincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.,IndependentTasks,4，Describeaschoolthatyouhaveattended.5，Describeyourfavoriteroom.Yourstatementshouldincludespecificexamplesanddetails.6.Whenyouchoosetoeatattherestaurantorcaf,whatarethefeaturesthatyoucareaboutmost?Explainwhy.可选场景：Place:library/park/restaurant/school/shoppingmall,IndependentTasks,TopicSentence:chooseaplaceyoulike1，Well,offthetopofmyhead,IamgoingtodescribetoyouistheXXXIfrequentlyvisit.2,Hereinthiscity,Ihavealotof/aloadof/abunchofplacestogoforrelaxingmyself,butifIhavetimeforoneofthem,IdliketogototheXXX.3,Ihavebeentomorethanadozen/ahandfulofXXX,andfindthemjustaboutthesamewithoneanotherafterall,youshoulddefinitelyconsidergoingtoXXX,foritllbringyouatotallydifferentexperience.,IndependentTasks,SupportingSentence:1,客观描述地址：1，Letmetellyouwhat,XXXisjustastonesthrowfrommyplace,soIcanjustwalkthereanytimeoftheday,withoutanyconcernofthetrafficjam.2，XXXisaccessiblebyseveralbusandsubwaylines,andhencecanbereachedwithinhalfanhourfromanypartofthetown,evenduringrushhour.3，WhenIgotoXXX,Iamamusedtofindthateverythingyouneediscloseathandandwhatsmore,Icanwalkaroundandfindpublictransportationtoalldirections,whereverIwannagoasmy“nextstop”,IndependentTasks,环境:1,AtthesightofXXX,allmysensewillbebrightenedinaninstant,itmakesmelongforalifetimeatthisbeautifulplace.2,XXXhasacharmingsetting,withbeautifulpicturesonallofthewalls,reflectingthesuperbtasteofitsoveralldecoration,highlightedbyfurnitureofnewagestyle.历史：1,Thebuildingwasconstructedintheyear1981,rightaftertheEconomicReformandOpening-uplaunchednationwide.ItmarksthebeginningofaneweraforChina.2,ThepredecessorofthisplacewasaprivategardenintheTangDynasty,whichatthattimewasexclusivetothewealthy.,IndependentTasks,价格，服务:1,ThepriceofXXXisveryreasonable,andthestaffthereprovideswell-roundedservicetoallcustomers.2,Withaffordablepricesthatisrareamongsuchtop-rankingXXX,itsometimessurprisescustomerswiththesuperbqualityoftheirservice.3,WhileIfeeldelightedtoseeaninexpensivebillforthingsatXXX,Ialsoappreciatethefriendlyandhelpfulstaffsthere,whohavebeenwelltrainedtomakemefeelathome.,IndependentTasks,特色（重点，在此添加个人经历，主观评价）1,Thislibraryisactuallythelargestlibraryinthecity.(图书馆)2,Asidefromgardens,IcanenjoythegreenhouseinthexxxPark,makingitarealtreatnotonlyfornaturelovers,butalsoforplantslovers.（公园）3,Whilewaitingforthemealtobeserved,IcantakesometimetoenjoytheJazzperformanceprovidedbythexxxRestaurant.（餐厅）4,itisratedbylocalmagazinesasoneofthemostrenownedschoolofnotonlyourcity,buttheentireregion.（学校）5,HereinxxxShoppingmall,theresimplyisntakindofstylethatIcannotfind,asfarasIcannameit.Sometimesyoucanevenfindnamelesskindsofbrands,challengingyourhorizonofknowledgeinfashion.（商场）,IndependentTasks,2，主观感受（个人经历）（共性）1，increaseourknowledge,broadenourhorizon（增长知识，开阔眼界）2，relaxourbodyandmind,enjoyourlife(放松身心，享受生活)（个性）OnceIfoundthebookIalwayswanttohave,metafamouswriterinthebooksignings.（图书馆）Oncecelebratedmybirthdaywithmyfiends,ourteachergaveusawonderfulBiologyclasshere.(公园),IndependentTasks,Theyservevirtuallyallkindsoffood,fromseafoodtocurryandfromSiChuandishestoBarbecue,satisfiedallmyneed,andIhavetastedadishoncefromaTVprogramIvewatched.（餐厅）Teachershereareveryresponsibleandfriendly,theycanhelpmesolvealotofquestions,andbecomeagoodsisterorbrother.（学校）HereinxxxShoppingmall,theresimplyisntakindofstylethatIcannotfind,asfarasIcannameit.Sometimesyoucanevenfindnamelesskindsofbrands,challengingyourhorizonofknowledgeinfashion.（商场）,IndependentTasks,二，人物类人物类型思路：Appearance,Personality,Hobbies,Pastexperience,Relationshipwithothers,Myownfeeling1，Describethecharacteristicsofagoodteacher.Pleasestatewithspecificexamplesanddetails.2，Whoisthepersonyouadmirethemost?Pleasegivespecificdetailsandexamplesinyourexplanation.3，Describethecharacteristicsoffriends,usespecificexamplestosupportyourstatement.4，Whatdoyouthinkarethecharacteristicsofagoodparent?5，Whatkindofqualitiesshouldagoodleaderpossess？Pleasestateyouropinionandgivespecificdetailsandexamplesinyourexplanation.,可选人物：People:parents/teacher/friend/leaderTopicSentence:chooseapersonyoulike1,Talkingaboutthepersonwhoinfluencedmealot,Idliketotellyouthat2,Well,asfarasIamconcerned,peopleshouldhavesuchgoodcharacteristicasfollows:3,IfyouareaskingmewhoistheonethatIadmiremost,Ihavetogiveyouhis/hernameXXX,whoisthe,IndependentTasks,IndependentTasks,SupportingSentence:客观描述外貌(次要)1，Well,bythefirstsight,youwillfeelhis/herprofessionalismreflectedbythewayhe/shedress,especiallythedarkbluecolorthatishis/herfavoritewhetherfortoporforpants/skirt.2，He/shelooksaquiteabityoungerthanhis/heractualage,morelikeanelderbrother/sister.,内在性格(主要)朋友：Reliable，Afriendindeedisafriendinneed教师：cultivateandinspireoriginalityand1,Responsibilitycreativityinstudents领导：principledanddisciplined家长：rolemodel,unconditionalsupport,standbyme,IndependentTasks,IndependentTasks,朋友：Helpandencourageyouwhenyouareintrouble2,Ability教师：Agoodprofessionalknowledgebase领导：Goodpeoplemanagementandcommunicationskills家长：goodcommunicator，patience3,Humorous4,Easy-going,warm-hearted,IndependentTasks,2,主观感受（例证）（共性）feellove感受到爱learnalotfromthem学会了更多teachmetogrow教会我成长（个性）朋友：Theycanbemyfriendsinsunshineandinshade,careformeevenwhenthetimesarebadandevenmorewhenthetimesaregreat.教师：Teachersshouldneverlosetheirpatienceinclasswhenstudentsaskquestionsrepeatedly.Ateachershouldexplaineachandeveryaspectofthetopicintheeasiestway.,IndependentTasks,领导：Agoodleadershouldbehighlyorganizedandefficient,energeticandstrongcareer-ambition家长：NevercomposesmealotofpressuressothatIcanchoosetolearnwhateverIminterestedin.描述人物性格，外貌可选词汇：optimistic(adj.)积极乐观的pessimistic(adj.)消极悲观的out-going(adj.)外向的，喜好交际的extroverted(adj.)活泼愉快的kind(adj.)和气的generous(adj.)慷慨的reliable(adj.)可靠的friendly(adj.)友善的quiet(adj.)娴静的shy(adj.)羞涩的patient(adj.)耐心的diligent(adj.)勤勉的conservative(adj.)保守的,IndependentTasks,三，物品类物品类型思路：（HowIgotit）,Exterior,Function,Roleinmylife,Myownfeeling常考题目：1,Describeabookthatyoubelieveisthemostusefultoyou.Pleaseexplainthereasonandincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.2,Describethemostefficienttransportationinyourcountry.Pleasestateyourreasonandincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.3,Describeoneofthemostimportantinventionsinrecent100years.Explainwhyitissoimportant.Yourexplanationshouldincludespecificexamplesanddetails.,IndependentTasks,4,Everyonehastoleavehomesometimes.Whatdoyoumissmostwhenyouareawayfromhome?Pleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.5,Describeanobjectwhichisveryimportanttoyouandexplainwhyitisofspecialvaluetoyou.Pleaseincludespecificdetailsinyourexplanation.6，Describealetterorpoemorotherpieceofartthatisimportanttoyou.Whywasitsoimportanttoyou?Pleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourstatement.,IndependentTasks,可选物品：Subject（math），Thegift(musicbox)，thepoem(OdetotheWestWind),Theanimal(giraffe,dog),Theprogram(BigBangTheory),Thetypeofmusic(rockmusic),book(JaneEyre),transportation(bicycle),computer,TV,car,season,poem(OdetotheWestWind)TopicSentence:chooseaobjectyoulike1,Whenitcomesto2,IconsiderXXtobethemost,IndependentTasks,SupportingSentence1,客观描述外观（次要）（实物类）1,impressivedesign迷人的设计2,beautifulpackaging漂亮的包装3,glamorous,stylish独特的，新潮的4,portable/handy轻便的（抽象类）1，音乐：traditional/classical/pop/rock/Jazzmusic传统/古典/流行/摇滚/爵士音乐2，电影：blockbusters大片romantic/comedy/swordsmen/detectivemovie爱情/喜剧/武侠/侦探电影3，小说，诗歌：masterpiece杰作bighit成功的作品representativework代表作,IndependentTasks,功能（主要）（科技方面）1,havequickandeasyaccesstothelatest/up-to-dateinformation接触到最新信息2,makeourlifemoreconvenient使我们的生活更加便捷3,improveworkefficiency，increasetheproductivity提高工作效率以及生产力4,acceleratetheflowofinformation加速信息传播(休闲，文艺)1,allthetroubleandpressurewillvanishintotheair所有烦心事和压力都消失2,toplayaneducationrole具有教育意义3,spiritualfood精神食粮4,cultivateonesmind陶冶情操,2019/12/13,41,可编辑,IndependentTasks,主观感受（例证）科技类（手机，电脑，网络）1，Icanseeandtalkmyboyfriendwithcellphone,computer,eventhoughheisinthedifferentcountry,sofarawayfromme.2,Icanusecomputerstostudy,findtheinformationIneedandevengotoschool,whichmakesthemveryvaluablelearningtools.3,Itcanentertainme,Icanwatchmovies,listentothemusic,playgamesonline,whichmakesmylifemorecolorful.休闲，娱乐（书籍，电视，电影）1，Icanreallylearnalotfromabook/movie/TVseries,whichmakesmethinkofsomethingdeeply.2,OnceIamnotinaverygoodmood,IwillfindXXforhelp,itcanbringmeauthentichappiness.3,WheneverIfeelboring,XXcanspendmyfreetime,keepmecompany.,IndependentTasks,四，事件类事件类型思路：What,Why,When,Where,Who,How,Myownfeeling常考话题：1，Whatdoyoudoinyoursparetime?Pleaseincludespecificdetailsinyourstatement.2，Describethemostimportantdecisionthatyouhavemadeinyourlife.Whywasitimportanttoyou?Usespecificexamplesanddetailstosupportyourexplanation.3，Describeacelebrationormomentwhichhasmadeadeepimpressiononyou.Pleaseexplaintheimpressionandincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyouexplanation.4.Describeasocialorpoliticscelebrationeventinyourculture.Specificexamplesanddetailsarenecessaryinyourstatement.,IndependentTasks,5，Describeoneofyourchallengingexperiences.Explainwhyitischallengingandhowyouconqueredthischallenge.Pleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.6，Describeamosthappyeventinyourchildhood.Pleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.7，Describeaspecialopportunitygiventoyou.Whydoesthisopportunitysospecialtoyou?Yourexplanationshouldincludespecificdetailsandexamples.8，Whatisyourbesttimeinayear?Pleasestateyourreasonsandincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.9，Describeanexperiencewhenyouaskedhelpfromothers.Howdidtheyhelpyou?10，Describesomegoodnewsthatmadeyouhappyandexplainwhy.Pleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.,IndependentTasks,可选话题：Birthday/graduation/festival/ScholarshipAwardCeremony/chooseyourmajororschool/weddingTopicSentence:chooseaneventyoulike1,Basedonmyexperience,.2,Ifyouwantmetotalkaboutonethingthat,Idliketosayitmustbe,SupportingSentence:1,客观描述（节日）Afamilyreuniondinnermakesthedefiningfeatureofthefestivalandtoastsaremadeinordertowishforjoy,peace,health,andfortune.（婚礼）Thereisonedayinapersonslifetimethatissecondtononeintermsofspecialmeaning,thatis,theweddingday.(学校活动)Itisexactlyaspecialceremony,whichrecognizedformyhardwork,andallmyfriendsandparentsareherewithmetocelebrateit.(朋友聚会)Wehavesomenicefood,wesingtogetherandtalkaboutthepast,evengossip.（一次决定）itisthefirstindependentdecisionIhaveevermade.Usually,myparentwouldliketomakedecisionformefortheyalwaystakeitforgrantedthatwhattheychoseformeisthebestchoice.,IndependentTasks,2.主观感受（例证）1,（节日）familygettogether,giftexchanged,greetingfriends,vacation2,(婚礼)Itmakesmereallyhappytoseehergetmarriedtothemanshehavebeenwaitingforherentirelife.3,(学校活动)getmyscholarship,getmydegree,takephotowithmyschoolmates4,（朋友聚会）Iamreallysurprisedbythepartythatmyfriendsgivetome,andImovetotears.5,(一次决定)Iinsistonchoosingmyfavoriteuniversityandmajorbasedonmyinterests.,IndependentTasks,TASK2一般解答的思路有以下几种：Q2的问题是：AorB,why?或者doornotdo?再或者A,B,C.whichoneprefer?所以基本上答案就已经在问题中了。PreferAreason1reason2PreferBreason1reason2DependspreferAwhen.preferBwhen.,IndependentTasks,Independe