2016年中考英语专题复习 to do或doing sth 区别.doc

接 to do还是doing sth?初中英语中有许多动词后既可以动词不定式，即to do something，又可接动名词，即doing something，如：start, begin, like, hate, love, remember, forget, try, stop, learn, go on, need等，其含义有的相近，有的意义迥然。从意义上讲，可以将这些动词大致分为三类：一、意义不发生变化。如：start, begin等，因此start/ begin to do something/ doing something均可表示开始做某事。如：When did you begin/ start to learn/ learning English?你什么时候开始学习英语的？I often start/ begin to brush brushing my teeth at 6.30.我经常在6.30时开始刷牙。二、意义稍有变化。在有些词，如：like, hate和love后接动名词时表示一般的、经常性的行为；若接动词不定式则表示某一特定场合的具体的行为。如：I like swimming but I dont like to swim with you today.我喜欢游泳但我不喜欢今天与你一起游泳。The boy hates asking someone for help.这个男孩讨厌叫人帮忙。（这是他的一贯习惯爱好）The boy hates to climb up the tree like that.这个男孩讨厌像那样爬树。（这是一次具体的行为） 三、意义发生根本变化1.若动名词的动作发生在该动词之前，后doing something；若动作发生在该动词之后，则用to do something，如：remember, forget, regret等。doing something 记得曾经做过某事（该动作已经发生）to do something 记得要去做某事（该动作尚未发生）remember Make sure to remember to turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom.千万记住离开教室前把所有的灯关掉。I remember meeting you in Shanghai three years ago.我记得三年前在上海见过你。doing something 忘记曾经做过某事（该动作已经发生，只不过被遗忘了）to do something 忘记要去做某事（该动作尚未发生，并且忘记去做了）forgetI forget finishing doing my homework at school after class.我忘记了课后在学校里做完了家庭作业。I will never forget to meet you in Shanghai three days later.我永远不会忘记三天后去上海见你。2.含义根本不同 doing something 停止做某事，此事不做to do something 停下来做另外某件事，此事做stopThe baby stopped crying when he saw his mother.这个小孩看到他母亲是便停止了哭泣。Would you please stop to help me mend my broken bike?请你停下来帮我修一下我的坏自行车，好吗？trydoing something 试着做某事to do something 设法、试图、尽力做某事 Why not try working out the maths problem in another way?为什么不试着用两外一种方法解决这道数学难题呢？We all should try to answer the questions all by ourselves.我们都应该尽力独立回答这些问题。go ondoing something 继续做原来的事情to do something 继续做另外某件事Please go on doing your homework after having a short rest.稍微休息后继续做你们的家庭作业。Lets go on to pick apples after finishing doing our homework.做完家庭作业后，让我们继续去摘苹果。learndoing something 学会做某事to do something 学着做某事，不一定学会Im learning to work on the computer.我正在学习操作电脑。I have learnt driving a car.我已经学会开汽车了。doing something 看见、听见、发现、注意到某人正在做某事，动作正在进行do something看见、听见、发现、注意到某人做了某事，动作已经完成see, hear, find, notice somebody When I walked past the supermarket, I saw a thief stealing something inside.当我经过超市时，我看见一个小偷正在里面偷东西。We often hear someone sing Beijing Opera in the next room every afternoon.每天下午我们经常听见有人在隔壁房间里唱京剧。练习：()1.Yesterday we learned Lesson 1. Today lets go on Lesson 2.A. learnB. learningC. learnedD. to learn()2.Though all of us are very tired, none of us stop a rest.A. haveB. havingC. hadD. to have()3.Dont forget some food and drinks to school tomorrow.A. bringingB. to bringC. takingD. to take()4.Its very important for us teenagers to learn for their turn.A. waitB. waitingC. to waitD. waitting()5.Mary likes , but she hates in winter.A. swim, swimB. swimming, swimmingC. swimming, to swimD. to swim, swimming6.当你在街上时，记住要小心红绿灯。 7.你应该试着五分钟内回答所有的问题。 8.当我到达教室时，他们已经开始读英语了。 9.不要讲话。汽车来了。 10.你能发现他们正在抄别人的作业吗？ Key:1-5DDBBC6.Remember to look out for the traffic lights when you are in the street.7.You should/ ought to try answering all the questions in five