中高级口译二阶段口试考前讲座讲义.doc

中高级口译二阶段口试考前讲座讲义 考点透析 Reception and Ceremonial SpeechI. Vocabulary 贵宾distinguished guests 所有在座的all the guests present here 借此机会take this opportunity to do 值此新春佳节之际on the occasion of the Spring Festival 拨冗光临 take the time off ones busy schedule to come to 友好邀请gracious/ cordial invitation 盛情款待gracious hospitality 诚挚祝愿sincere wish 热情问候warm greetings 精心安排thoughtful arrangements 亲切的问候 cordial greetings 密切合作work closely together to do sth. 集思广益pool ones wisdoms 继往开来，携手前进work hand in hand to build on our past achievement 谨代表on behalf of sb. 以的名义 in the name of sb. 值此之际 on the occasion of 尊敬的 respectable/honorable 荣幸地 have the honor of (doing) 愉快地 have the pleasure (in doing/to do) 东道主 host 洽谈会 fair 庆典 celebration 全体会议 plenary meeting 首脑会议 summit 研讨会seminar 学术研讨会 symposium 第十四届妇女儿童权利保障论坛14th Forum on the Protection of Children and Womens Rights 第三届互联网产业研讨会3rd Internet Industry Seminar 美中合作论坛US-China Cooperation Forum 东盟ASEAN( Association of Southeast Asia Nation) 投资贸易洽谈会International Fairs for Investment and Trade 新春联欢会New Years Evening 中贸易委员会Euro-Chinese Trade Council 贸易代表团trade delegation 中国贸促会the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade 组委会 the organizing committee 招待宴会reception banquet 移交仪式 turning-over ceremony 开工典礼 commencement ceremony 欢迎/开幕/闭幕词 welcome/opening/closing speech 16热情友好的讲话 warm and friendly speech 双边关系 bilateral relationship 剪彩 cutting the ribbon at an opening ceremony 奠基礼 foundation stone laying ceremony 记者会press conference 联合记者团joint group of journalists 亚太地区Asian-Pacific region 大洋彼岸 the other side of the ocean 友好使者 envoy of friendship 商界 business community 符合的共同利益 to meet the common interest of 回顾过去 looking back on; in retrospect 展望未来 look into the future 各行各业的人People from all walks of life 知识产权intellectual property rights 表达深深的谢意 to extend ones deepest appreciation/ heartfelt thanks to sb 表示诚挚的欢迎 to extend ones warmest welcome to sb. 表示诚挚的祝贺to express one s most sincere congratulations to sb. on sth. 我衷心祝愿会议取得成功！ I sincerely wish the conference a complete success! 希望发展得更好 wish a better future 祝愿生活得幸福美满wish a happier life 祝愿身体健康、心想事成、万事如意 wish a good health and all the best 提议，为了而干杯propose a toast to 宣布正式开幕Declare the opening of . 向大会发表讲话address the conference on the topic of II. Passage for Exercises Passage 1： 今天，我很高兴出席东盟与中国合作论坛。各国领导人在此聚会，就促进各领域的广泛合作交换意见，我感到十分必要和重要。进入21世纪，人类面临着众多机遇和挑战。这就要求我们建立新的合作伙伴关系，而且要有新的观念和方法。我们应该在互相尊重和平等互利的基础上，求同存异，增进相互理解和信任，加强合作与交流。 参考译文 Today, I am very pleased to attend the Forum of Cooperation between ASEAN and ChinaI find it necessary and important for leaders from different Asian countries to gather here to share our views on promoting our cooperation in a wider range of areas. Since we entered the 21st century, we have been faced with many opportunities and challenges, which calls for new concepts and new methodology to establish new partnership. On the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, we should seek common ground while putting aside differences, enhance mutual understanding and trust, and promote exchange and cooperation. Business and EconomyI. Vocabulary 独资企业 solely foreign-owned enterprises 合资企业 joint venture 国有企业 state-owned enterprises 跨国公司 international/ transnational/ multi-national enterprises 大中型企业 large and medium-sized enterprises 中小企业 small and medium-sized enterprises 乡镇企业 township enterprises 总公司 headquarter 分公司 branch 子公司 subsidiary 第一/二/三产业 primary/ secondary/ tertiary industry 支柱产业 pillar industry 经济全球化 Economic Globalization 产品介绍手册 brochure 平等互利 equality and mutual benefits 市场份额 market share 业务范围广泛 diverse range of business 专门从事 be specialize in 雄厚的技术力量 abundant technical advantages/ skills/ strength 业务迅速发展 to expand ones business (合作的)有关双方 both parties concerned 有竞争力 competitive 有互补性 to be complementary to 生产率 productivity 前景 prospect 创新 innovation 股票市场 stock market 分销/ 分配 distribution 小康社会a well-off society 温饱 subsistence 社会主义市场经济(体制) a socialist market economy 综合国力overall national strengths 基本医疗保险basic medical insurance systems 失业保险unemployment insurance systems 工伤保险work injury insurance systems 生育保险maternity insurance systems 投资机会investment opportunities 吸收外资foreign capital in-flow 对外贸易总额 foreign trade volume 社会主义新农村 a new socialist countryside 农业税 agricultural taxes 粮食安全 food/grain security 粮食增产increase in grain yield 农业生产资料agricultural means of production 农业综合生产能力 overall agricultural productivity 乡财政管理体制county and town fiscal management systems 调整投资方向reorient investment 社会投资non-state investment 振兴东北老工业基地the Rejuvenation of Old Industrial Base in Northeastern China 西部大开发Western Development Drive 高档房地产high-end real-estate projects 普通商品房medium-priced commercial housing/ houses 经济适用房 economy housing/ houses 国民经济national economy 公有制经济public sectors 非公有制经济non-public sectors 国有经济state-owned sectors 非国有经济non-state-owned sectors 私营经济 private sectors 外资金融机构foreign financial institutions 银监会The China Banking Regulatory Commission 运作机制operating mechanisms 金融机构的重组和改造the reform and restructuring of the financial institutions 经济体制改革to restructure the economic system 国有企业改革the reform of state-owned enterprises 产权制度改革the reform of the property rights system 商品流通体制改革the reform of the commodity circulation system 外贸体制改革the reform of the foreign trade system 人事制度改革the reform of the personnel system 社会保险制度改革the reform of the social security system 住房制度改革the reform of the housing system 财政政策fiscal policy 宏观经济调控措施macro-economic control measures 经济特区special economic zones 经济技术开发区economic and technical development zone 沿海经济特区special economic zones in coastal areas 一国两制 One country, two systems. 特别行政区Special Administrative Region (SAR) 中国加入世贸组织Chinas accession into WTO 缩小贫富差距to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor 消除贫困to reduce poverty 共同富裕common prosperity 医药卫生行业 public health service 可支配收入disposable income 人均国内生产总值per capita GDP 基本生活保障补助basic living allowances 再就业补助reemployment subsidies 复员退伍军人demobilized soldiers 出口退税export rebates 加工贸易processing trade 出口退税机制export rebate mechanism 扩大内需to boost domestic demands 国有企业改组改造reorganize and transform state-owned enterprises 国有资产重组和处置the reorganization and disposal of state-owned properties 跨国并购cross-border mergers 风险投资venture capital 特许经营franchised operation II. Passage for Exercises Passage 1： 从发展趋势看，我们可以预见中美贸易将随着双方经贸关系深化而凸现。但是中美经贸合作的总体发展是不可逆转的。这主要有两个原因： 第一，中美贸易具有很大的互补性。据统计，美国从我国进口产品的90%不与美国产品形成竞争。因为我国出口到美国的主要是劳动密集型产品。这类产品如已被美国转移到国外生产，如不从中国大陆进口，同样需要从其他国家进口，且价格更贵。 其二，中国产品具有明显的劳动力成本本优势。据统计，中国制造业的平均工资为每小时61美分，美国和墨西哥为16美分和2美元。 参考译文 Judging from the past, we can predict that trade disputes between China and the US will become more acute as bilateral trade and economic cooperation develops further. The overall development of bilateral trade and economic cooperation is, however, irreversible. There are two factors which contribute to this trend. Firstly, Sino-U.S. economic and trade relations complement one another in vast fields. Statistics show that 90% of US imports from the United States are mainly labor-intensive products. In fact, American firms have transferred production of such products overseas, and similar products will be more expensive if they are imported from other countries. Secondly, China has an outstanding labor cost advantage. It is estimated that the average wage in Chinas manufacturing industries is $0.61 per hour, while in the United States and Mexico it is $16 and $2 respectively. Passage 2： 我国银行业对外开放与经济改革开放同步推进，经历了从特区、沿海城市、中心城市到所有地区以及从外币到本币不断向前推进的开放历程。进入中国二十多年来，外资金融机构已成为我国金融体系的重要组成部分，向我们展示了现代银行的运作机制和先进管理方式。 同时，我国金融改革的不断深化将为外资银行与中资银行的合作带来新的机遇。金融管制的不断放松将给包括外资银行在内的所有银行创造新的发展空间。 参考译文 The reform and opening-up of Chinas banking sector has mirrored overall economic reform, starting in special economic zones and then expanding to coastal areas, inland provincial capitals and finally the whole country. It extends from foreign currency business to local currency business. With a business presence in China for over two decades, foreign financial institutions have become an integral part of the countrys financial sector and made tremendous contributions to the banking industry by introducing advanced operating mechanisms and management expertise. Meanwhile, increasingly intensified financial reform in China will present new opportunities for foreign banks in cooperating with domestic banks as partners. The increasing liberalized control on the financial industry will create space for growth for all banking institutions in China, including foreign lenders. Passage 3： Looking ahead, the near-term prospects for Asia appear bright. The recovery in the global economy, although still uneven, is strengthening and broadening. In particular, growth is rapid in the United States; it is picking up in Japan, led by investment and exports; and although still lagging, it shows sighs of revival in the euro area as well. Against this general background, we expect growth for Emerging Asia to be over 7% this year, broadly the same as last year. This incorporates a modest slowdown in growth in China, as a tighter monetary stance cools investment activity. Significant pickups in growth are foreseen for most other countries in the region on the back of a strong export expansion. Moreover, the balance of near-term risks may even be on the upside, with the United States economy rebounding, global trade rising sharply, and the strong recovery in the electronics sector. 参考译文 展望未来，亚洲近期前景光明。虽然全球经济复苏还不平衡，却正在向纵深发展。美国的经济增长尤其迅速；在投资和出口的带动下，日本经济也在恢复；欧洲地区发展仍然滞后，但也显示了复苏的迹象。 在这种大背景下，我们预计崛起中的亚洲今年的增长将超过7个百分点，与去年大致持平。中国由于执行紧缩货币政策冷却了投资活动，增长速度略有下滑。随着出口的大量增长，可以预见这个地区大多数其他国家经济会有大幅度的发展。此外，随着美国经济的反弹，全球贸易额的急剧上升，以及电子行业的强力复苏，近期风险投资盈余也在看涨。 Foreign PoliciesI. Vocabulary 坚持走和平发展的道路 adhere to (persistent in/ insist on/ stick to/ keep to/ commit itself to) the road of peaceful development 负责任的国际社会成员 a responsible member in the international community 独立自主的和平外交政策 independent foreign policy of peace 以意识形态划线 use ideology as a criterion to define friends or foes (mark the line between friends or foes/); judge according to their ideology 多元化发展 multi-polarity 开创新局面 open up new vistas in/ push into a new stage of development 国家集团 country bloc 和平共处五项原则 the Five Principles of the Peaceful Coexistence 互相尊重主权和领土完整mutual respect for each others sovereignty and territorial integrity 互不侵犯mutual non-aggression 互不干涉内政mutual non-interference into each others internal affairs 平等互利equality, mutual benefit 和平共处peaceful coexistence 睦邻友好 good-neighborly and friendly relations / keep friendly relations with 睦邻友好合作关系good-neighborly and friendly cooperative relations 长期睦邻互信伙伴关系 long-term partnership of good-neighborliness and mutual trust 周边外交政策 foreign policy with neighboring countries 睦邻、安邻、富邻bring harmony, security and prosperity to neighbors 以邻为伴、与邻为善treat neighbors with goodwill and coexist with neighbors as partners 互惠互利关系 relations of mutual benefit and reciprocity 和平、稳定、公正、合理 peaceful, stable, just and equitable 持久和平与共同繁荣sustained peace and common prosperity 劝和促谈 working for the reconciliation of the parties and promoting the talks of peace 结盟 enter into an alliance with/ make alliance with / become alignment with 自卫的国防政策 a defense policy of a defensive nature 霸权主义 hegemonism 强权政治 power politics 中美三个联合公报 the three Sino-US joint communiqu 中美联合声明 Sino-US Joint statement 全面合作伙伴关系 all-around partnership 战略协作伙伴关系 strategic partnership 全面战略伙伴关系comprehensive strategic partnership 建设性战略伙伴关系constructive, strategic partnership 民间交往 people-to-people exchanges / civil contacts / non-governmental exchanges 高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation 正当权益legitimate rights and interests 实质性进展substantial development 本国国情national conditions 经济全球化economic globalization 世界多极化multi-polarization 国家之间的关系state-to-state relations 欧洲一体化进程European integration process 双边外交 bilateral diplomatic ties (relations) 多边外交 multilateral diplomatic ties (relations) 国际条约 international treaties (agreement) 国际政治、经济的新秩序 a new international political and economic order 朝核、伊核 the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula and Iranian nuclear issue 反恐怖主义 anti-terrorism 核扩散 nuclear proliferation 大规模杀伤性武器扩散the proliferation of weapons of massive destruction 履行自己的承诺 to fulfill (keep / implement / carry out ) its commitments 恪守承诺honor its commitment 减免债务 relieve debts / reduce or cancel debts / reduce or waive debts 优惠贷款 concessionary (preferential / favorable / soft) loan 不附加条件 with no strings attached / without additional terms / additional constraints (limits / control / requirement) 参拜靖国神社 visit Yasukuni Shrine 发展世代友好关系 develop friendship passed on from generation to generation/ develop centuries old friendship/ develop long-lasting friendship 二战甲级战犯 class-A war criminals 以史为鉴、面向未来 taking history as a mirror to guide the future growth; draw lessons from history while set eyes on the future; keep in mind the past experience and looking toward the future 极右翼势力 ultra-right forces 国事访问 state visit 务实合作 pragmatic cooperation / cooperation with down-to-earth attitude 求同存异 seek common ground while putting aside differences 东盟ASEAN 东盟地区论坛ASEAN Regional Forum(ARF) 东亚峰会East Asia Summit 亚洲合作对话Asia Cooperation Dialogue(ACD) 亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) 亚欧会议Asia-Europe Meeting(ASEM) 东亚拉美合作论坛Forum for East Asia and Latin America Cooperation(FEALAC) 非洲联盟African Union 非洲新伙伴计划New Partnership for Africas Development 中国东盟非正式首脑会议China-ASEAN informal summit 联合国及安理会UN and the UN Security Council 联合国安理会常任理事国the permanent members of the UN Security Council II. Passages for Exercises Passage 1: 纵观半个多世纪以来中美关系的历史，我们可以得出三个重要结论。一、中美两国和则两利，斗则俱伤。第二个结论：中美两国合作的基础是共同的利益。美国企业给中国带来了资金、先进技术和管理经验。而中国丰富的人力资源和广阔的市场，给美国企业带来巨大的商机。 第三个结论：中美合作有利于亚太地区的稳定，也有利世界的和平与发展。综观世界近代史，大国之间合作的深厚基础在经济，在国家利益，并非意识形态。 参考译文 A review of the history of China-U.S. relations since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China leads to three important conclusions. Conclusion one: China and the United States both gain from peaceful coexistence, and lose from conflicts. Conclusion two: Mutual interest serves as the foundation of cooperation between China and the United States. American companies bring to China capital, advanced technology and managerial expertise. In return, Chinas abundant human resources and huge market provide American companies enormous business opportunities. Conclusion three: China-U.S. cooperation is conducive to stability in the Asia-Pacific region as well as peace and development in the world. Modern world history proves it is the economy and national interests rather than ideologies that underpin cooperation between big countries. Passage 2: 我们坚定不移地高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上与世界各国友好相处。我们坚定维护国家主权和领土完整，绝不允许别人干涉中国内政，同时尊重别国的主权和领土完整。我们将继续推动世界多极化、国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化，促进经济全球化朝着有利于各国共同繁荣的方向发展。 参考译文 We shall unswervingly hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, and maintain friendly relations with all other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. We will firmly safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, tolerating no one to interfere in our internal affairs. At the same time, we will respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of others. We will continue to promote world multi-polarization, democracy in international relations and diversity in development models, and encourage the progress of economic globalization in a direction conducive to the common prosperity of all nations. Passage 3: 各国之间应该加强交流和了解，在相互尊重和平等相待的基础上共同前进，而不应让这种多样性成为阻碍各国人民携手共进的隔阂，更不应人为地从中挑起对立和冲突。尊重和发展世界文明的多样性，并在这种多样性中找到共同利益之处，是人类社会向前发展的伟大动力。 参考译文 Countries should enhance exchanges and understanding, and move ahead together on the basis of mutual respect and equality. They should not allow the diversity to be a barrier to their hand-in-hand march, still less should they deliberately provoke confrontation and conflict. To respect and develop the diversity of world civilization and identify common interests are a great driving force propelling human society forward. TourismI. Vocabulary 被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录 be on the World Heritage List by UNESCO 的历史可以追溯到 The history of dates back to/ can be traced back to 位于 is located in/ at 的传统一直延续至今。 The traditions of have been carried over into modern times. 旅游景点 tourist attractions; tourist destinations; scenic spots 自然景观 natural attractions 避暑胜地 summer resort 国家公园 national park 出土文物 unearthed cultural relics 古建筑群 ancient architectural complex 陵墓 mausoleum 古墓 ancient tomb 洞穴 cave 城堡 castle 教堂 church; cathedral 皇城 imperial city 佛教名山 famous Buddhist mountain 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 甲骨文 inscription on oracle bones 青铜器 bronze vessels 景泰蓝 cloisonne enamel 手工艺品 artifact; handicrafts 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 唐三彩 tricolor-glazed pottery; ceramics of the Tang Dynasty 字画卷轴 scroll of calligraphy and painting 国画 traditional Chinese painting 文房四宝 the four stationery treasures of the Chinese study including writing brushes, ink sticks, ink stones and paper 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 依山傍水 enclosed/surrounded by the hills on one side and waters on the other 景色如画 picturesque views 湖石假山 lakeside rocks and rockeries 山清水秀 beautiful mountains and clear waters 坛 altar 亭 pavilion 台 terrace 廊 corridor 楼 tower; mansion 庵 Buddhist nunnery 江河湖泊 rivers and lakes 池潭 ponds and pools 堤 causeway 舫 boat 榭 pavilion; house on a terrace 水榭 waterside pavilion/ house 琉璃瓦 gl